Readings In Philippine History Week 11 PDF

READINGS IN Philippine History WEEK 11 REVIEW OF THE PAST LESSON  WHAT IS THE MEANING OF KKK? Kataas-taasang, Kagalang- galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan WHEN WAS THE KKK ESTABLISHED? JULY 7, 1892  What are three main objectives of the Katipunan? political, m...

READINGS IN Philippine History WEEK 11 REVIEW OF THE PAST LESSON  WHAT IS THE MEANING OF KKK? Kataas-taasang, Kagalang- galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan WHEN WAS THE KKK ESTABLISHED? JULY 7, 1892  What are three main objectives of the Katipunan? political, moral, and civic.  KATIPUNAN MEMBERSHIP WAS DIVIDED INTO THREE LEVELS NAMELY ____ KATIPON, KAWAL, and BAYANI.  WHAT ARE THE TWO FACTIONS FORMED IN KKK? MAGDALO AND MAGDIWANG WHO IS THE FIRST PRESIDENT OF KATIPUNAN? DEODATO ARELLANO  SHE IS KNOWN FOR BEING THE “MOTHER OF REVOLUTION” MELCHORA AQUINO/TANDANG SORA HOW DID THE KKK DISCOVERED? EXPLAIN WHAT HAPPENED IN THE CRY OF PUGADLAWIN?  THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION’S FIRST BATTLE WAS OCCURRED IN _____ SAN JUAN DEL MONTE WHAT HAPPENED IN TEJEROS CONVENTION? WHAT IS THE ROLE OF US TO OUR INDEPENDENCE FROM SPAIN? CITE AT LEAST 1 LEGACY OF KATIPUNAN AGRARIAN REFORM IN THE PHILIPPINES  AGRARIAN CONDITION IN WHAT IS DAR? THE PHILIPPINES AGRARIAN REFORM IN THE PHILIPPINES HISTORY OF LAND REFORMS OF AGRARIAN REFORM IN DIFFERENT PRESIDENTS THE PHILIPPINES R.A. NO. 6657  WHAT IS THE ROLE OF FARMERS IN OUR ECONOMY? LAND REFORM AGRARIAN REFORM in the Philippines it is a is defined as the rectification of process of redistributing the whole system of agriculture. land from the landlords to is concerned with the relation between production and tenants-farmers in order distribution of land among that they will be given a farmers. chance to own a piece of The processing of raw materials land to improve their that are produced by farming the plight. land from the respective industries.  AGRARIAN CONDITION For a long period of time, the agrarian system of Philippines was being controlled by the large landlords. The small farmers in the Philippines were struggling for their rights to land and other natural resources.  AGRARIAN CONDITION The implementation of Agrarian reforms proceed at a very slow pace. This was due to the lack of political will. The redistribution of land was also very slow.  HISTORY OF AGRARIAN REFORM It is a 100-year history of unfinished reforms after the colonizers invaded the country. During the pre-colonial period, there were no owner - cultivators only / commonal lands. HISTORY OF AGRARIAN REFORM During the SPANIARDS, they implemented: 1. Encomienda - Royal Land Grants 2.Maura Decree - 1 year for title 3.Unrecognized of local customs. 4.Establishments of pueblos 5.Mortgage (pagsasangla) 6.Inquilino (friars’ tax / rent)  HISTORY OF AGRARIAN REFORM During the AMERICANS, they implemented: 1. Philippine Bill 1902 – set the ceiling on the hectares of private individuals and corporations may acquire; 16 has. For private individuals and 1, 024 has. for corporations.  HISTORY OF AGRARIAN REFORM During the AMERICANS, they implemented: 2. Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act No. 496) - Provided for a comprehensive registration of land titles under the TORRENS SYSTEM. 3. Public Land Act of 1903 – introduced the homestead system in the Philippines.  HISTORY OF AGRARIAN REFORM During the AMERICANS, they implemented: 4. Cadastal Act – survey of land 5. Friars Land 1904 – lease and sale 6. Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act. No. 4054 & 4113) - regulated realtionships between landowners and tenants of rice (50-50 sharing) and sugar cane lands.  HISTORY OF AGRARIAN REFORM Japanese occupation in the Philippines 1.HUKBALAHAP controlled the whole Central Luzon. 2.Peasants earned fixed rental of land. 3.Peasants armed themselves and were against the Japanese. LAND REFORMS OF DIFFERENT PRESIDENTS  MANUEL A. ROXAS policy on land reform ✓ R.A. No. 34 (Tenant Act) - 70 – 30 percent to landlord- tenants and regulated shared. ✓ R.A. No. 55 – Provided for a more effective safeguard against arbitrary ejectment of tenants.  RAMON MAGSAYSAY policy on land reform ✓ R.A. No. 1160 of 1954 – establishment of National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration (NARRA) ✓ R.A. 1400 (Land Reform Act of 1955) – distribution of rice and corn lands over 200 hectares for farmers and 600 for corporations. ✓ R.A. 821 (Agricultural Credit Cooperative Financing Administration) DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL policy on land reform ✓R.A. No. 3844 of August 8, 1963 (Agricultural Land Reform Code) distribution of private lands to farmers on easy term of payment. Retention limit of 75 hectares.  FERDINAND E. MARCOS policy on land reform ✓R.A. 6390 – Agrarian Reform Special Fund Act – finance the agrarian reform programs. ✓Tenant Emancipation Act – operational land transfer  CORAZON C. AQUINO policy on land reform On June 10, 1988, signed into law the Republic Act No. 6657 or otherwise known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL). The law became effective on June 15, 1988.  Corazon C. Aquino Republic Act No. 6657, June 10, 1988 (Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law) - An act which became effective June 15, 1988 and instituted a comprehensive agrarian reform program to promote social justice and industrialization providing the mechanism for its implementation and for other purposes. This law is still the one being implemented at present.  Corazon C. Aquino Executive Order No. 229, July 22, 1987 - Provided mechanism for the implementation of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP).  Corazon C. Aquino Proclamation No. 131, July 22, 1987 - Instituted the CARP as a major program of the government. It provided for a special fund known as the Agrarian Reform Fund (ARF), with an initial amount of Php50 billion to cover the estimated cost of the program from 1987- 1992.  Corazon C. Aquino Executive Order No. 405, June 14, 1990 – Vested in the Land Bank of the Philippines the responsibility to determine land valuation and compensation for all lands covered by CARP.  ISSUES IN AGRARIAN REFORM IN THE PHILIPPINES 1. Land Distribution Challenges 2. Lack of Support Services for Farmers 3. Inadequate Policy Implementation and Monitoring 4. Problems with Land Conversion and Urbanization 5. Political Interference and Corruption