Section 9-2 The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport PDF (Biology)

Bio07_TR_U03_CH09.QXD 4/25/06 2:53 PM Page 104 Name______________________________ Class __________________ Date ______________ Section 9–2 The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport (pages 226–232) Key Concepts W...

Bio07_TR_U03_CH09.QXD 4/25/06 2:53 PM Page 104 Name______________________________ Class __________________ Date ______________ Section 9–2 The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport (pages 226–232) Key Concepts What happens during the Krebs cycle? How are high-energy electrons used by the electron transport chain? Introduction (page 226) 1. At the end of glycolysis, how much of the chemical energy in glucose is still unused? 2. Because the final stages of cellular respiration require oxygen, they are said to be. The Krebs Cycle (pages 226–227) 3. In the presence of oxygen, how is the pyruvic acid produced in glycolysis used? 4. What happens to pyruvic acid during the Krebs cycle? 5. Why is the Krebs cycle also known as the citric acid cycle? 6. When does the Krebs cycle begin? 7. What happens to each of the 3 carbon atoms in pyruvic acid when it is broken down? 8. What happens to the carbon dioxide produced in breaking down pyruvic acid? 9. How is citric acid produced? 10. During the energy extraction part of the Krebs cycle, how many molecules of CO2 are released? 11. What is the energy tally from 1 molecule of pyruvic acid during the Krebs cycle? © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. 104 Bio07_TR_U03_CH09.QXD 4/25/06 2:53 PM Page 105 Name______________________________ Class __________________ Date ______________ 12. When electrons join NAD+ and FAD during the Krebs cycle, what do they form? 13. Why is the 4-carbon compound generated in the breakdown of citric acid the only permanent compound in the Krebs cycle? Electron Transport (pages 228–229) 14. What is the electron transport chain? 15. What does the electron transport chain use the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle for? 16. How does the location of the electron transport chain differ in eukaryotes and prokaryotes? 17. Where does the electron transport chain get the high-energy electrons that are passed down the chain? 18. Is the following sentence true or false? Hydrogen serves as the final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain. 19. What is the energy of the high-energy electrons used for every time 2 high-energy electrons move down the electron transport chain? 20. What causes the H+ ions in the intermembrane space to move through the channels in the membrane and out into the matrix? 21. On average, how many ATP molecules are produced as each pair of high-energy electrons moves down the electron transport chain? © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. 105 Bio07_TR_U03_CH09.QXD 4/25/06 2:53 PM Page 106 Name______________________________ Class __________________ Date ______________ 22. Complete the flowchart about electron transport. (Review Figure 9–7 on page 228 of your textbook.) High-energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed into and along the. The energy from the electrons moving down the chain is used to move H+ ions across the. H+ ions build up in the space, making it charged and making the matrix negatively charged. H+ ions move through channels of in the inner membrane. The ATP synthase uses the energy from the moving ions to combine ADP and phosphate, forming high-energy. The Totals (page 229) 23. How many ATP molecules are formed during cellular respiration? 24. Why is more ATP generated from glucose in the presence of oxygen? 25. What happens to the energy of glucose that is not used to make ATP molecules? 26. What are the final waste products of cellular respiration? © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. 106 Bio07_TR_U03_CH09.QXD 4/25/06 2:53 PM Page 107 Name______________________________ Class __________________ Date ______________ Energy and Exercise (pages 230–231) 27. What are three sources of ATP a human body uses at the beginning of a race? 28. When a runner needs quick energy for a short race, what source can supply enough ATP for about 90 seconds? 29. Why does a sprinter have an oxygen debt to repay after the race is over? 30. A runner needs more energy for a longer race. How does the body generate the necessary ATP? 31. Why are aerobic forms of exercise so beneficial for weight control? Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration (page 232) 32. If photosynthesis is the process that “deposits” energy in a “savings account,” then what is cellular respiration? 33. How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration opposite in terms of carbon dioxide? 34. How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration opposite in terms of oxygen? © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. 107