OCR Study of Religion: Paper 1 Christianity Beliefs Revision Cards PDF

The Study of Religion: Paper 1 Christianity Beliefs Revision Cards  The Nature of God Christianity Protesta...

The Study of Religion: Paper 1 Christianity Beliefs Revision Cards  The Nature of God Christianity Protestant Catholic Split from the Catholic Based in Rome (Vatican Orthodox Church in the 16th City) and led by the Pope Split from the Catholic Century. e.g. Methodist, Church in the Great Baptist, Church of Schism (1054). Generally England practised in Eastern Europe. Christian beliefs about God There is only one God. God is the creator of all that exists. People have a relationship with God through prayer. Neither male nor female but has “We believe in One qualities of both. God.” God is holy (worthy of worship) The Nicene Creed Jesus is the Son of God.  God as Omnipotent, Loving and Just Omnipotent Benevolent Just God is the supreme being who is all God uses his power to do good. God is a just (fair) judge on humanity. powerful. Showed his live by creating humans and caring/ God will never support injustice or prejudice. God has unlimited authority. giving his love to them. God will judge the living and the dead on God shows his power when he created the Showed his love by sending Jesus, his son to judgement day (the end of the world) and world. earth to die so humans could gain salvation. decide whether people will go to heaven or hell. “Anything is possible with God.” When the “God so loved the world that he gave his one Angel Gabriel told Mary she was pregnant and only son.” even though she was a virgin. The Problem of Evil and Responses to the Problem of Evil and Suffering: Suffering: If God is loving- why does he David Hume’s Triangle- He cannot be both allow people to suffer? loving and all powerful. If God is powerful- why does Human’s free will- take responsibility for our he not prevent evil and own actions. suffering? The Devil- Tempts us into going against God If God is just- why does he and committing sins. allow injustices to take Life is a test- we need to show God we are place? worthy of heaven.  The Oneness of God and the Trinity God the Father Creator of all life Father to his children Omnipotent, omnibenevolent, omniscient and omnipresent. God the Son God the Holy Spirit God incarnate (in flesh form) Unseen power of God at work in Jesus. the world. Fully human and fully divine Influences, guides and sustains (God) at the same time.c life on earth.  Creation Genesis account of creation Day 1: Day 2: Day 3: Day 4: Day 5: Day 6: Day 7: Day and Night The Sky The seas, land and The lights in the Fish of the sea and Animals of the Land God rested and said all vegetation and sky; the sun, moon birds of the sky and Humans (Adam it was good. plants and stars and Eve) Different Christian responses to Genesis: “In the beginning, “In the beginning God created the Literal Linguistic Mythical Scientific was the Word and the Word heavens and the earth… and the was with God and spirit of God was the Word was hovering over the God.” waters.” John 1:1-3 Genesis 1:1-3c This means… Although God the The creation story There may be It is a myth- the Bible Science can work in This means… happened exactly as it misunderstandings in explains that God conjunction with the Father is seen as is described in the the language of the made the world and Christian creation The Word means ‘creator’, the Bible, so a day is ‘24 story e.g. ‘day’ in why, but it does not story in Genesis. Jesus, the Son of Holy Spirit was hours’. Hebrew doesn’t mean a fully explain how. God (the Word of Fundamental Christians day in English active in God) Jesus was too creation. involved in creation.  The incarnation of Jesus, the Son of God The Incarnation Where else do we see Angel Gabriel appeared to Mary to tell her that she was pregnant. Mary was a Jesus as the Son of God? virgin. This had occurred through the Holy When Jesus was Spirit. baptised a voice from The virgin conception is evidence that heaven spoke and a Jesus was the Son of God and part dove (the Holy Spirit) of the Trinity. appeared. Jesus lived for around 30 years. “This is my Son with Whom is am pleased” Son of God, Messiah, Christ: Jesus was fully human and fully God. He also was called the This explains his powers (e.g. Messiah by his miracles) disciples (although he His teachings have authority because told them not to say it they are the word of God. “ The many times- so he didn’t Word became flesh and is dwelling among us.” get arrested until his Most Jews expected the Messiah who mission was over) was a warrior king; they did not believe this to be Jesus. He finally admitted to Christians accept that Jesus is the being the Messiah Messiah. when the High Priest He is often called Christ (‘anointed asked on his trial before one’) his death.  The Crucifixion What happened? Why is it important? Being fully God but also fully It shows that Christians will be forgiven for human, Jesus suffered pain. their sins if they are truly sorry. A centurion accepted that God understands human suffering because Jesus was the Son of God. of the suffering of his son, Jesus. The guards made sure Jesus Suffering is a part of human life, just as it was dead. was part of Jesus’ life. His body was put in a cave It shows that Jesus was fully God and fully before the Sabbath day. man. It teaches Christians that forgiveness is possible- Criminals on the cross. Teaches Christians that God loves them “Jesus called out with a loud voice, ‘Father, into “Surely this your hands I commit my man was the spirit.’ When he had said Son of God!” Mark 15:39 this, he breathed his last.” Luke 23:46  The Resurrection and Ascension What happened? On the Sunday morning, some of Jesus’ female followers visited the tomb. Jesus’ body was not there. The women were told by a man that It is significant because… Jesus had risen from the dead. Shows the power of good over evil and life over death. Over the next few days, Jesu Means sin will be forgiven. appeared to several people as he Christians will too be resurrected if they accept Jesus. had prophesised. Shows that there is life after death. The Ascension After meeting with his disciples and asking them to on his work, Jesus left them for the last time. He returned to the Father in Heaven. This was 40 days after the resurrection. It is significant because… When Jesus ascended into Heaven the Holy spirit Shows that Jesus is with God in heaven. came to the disciples. Prepare for God to spend the Holy Spirit to provide This was known as Pentecost. The Holy Spirit comfort and guidance. gave the disciples the gifts to spread the word for example- Speaking in tounges.  Resurrection and Life after Death When will resurrection happen? Some Christians Other Christians believe a person’s soul believe the dead will is resurrected soon be resurrected on after death. the Day of Judgement. How will the resurrection happen? Catholic and Orthodox Other Christians believe that Christians believe in physical resurrection will just be (bodily) resurrection – this spiritual (resurrection of the will be a transformed body. soul) rather than physical. (The best version of itself) Gives confidence Gives hope of a Inspires Christians in the face of future life with to live their life as death God expects Jesus A belief in the resurrection Shows Christians Means life after how much God death is real loves them.  The afterlife and judgement The Afterlife “Jesus will come against to judge Christians believe they will be resurrected and the living and the dead… I receive eternal life. believe in the resurrection of the This is a gift from God and is dependant upon body and the life everlasting.” faith (belief) in God. The Apostles Creed They will be judged by God, being sent to Heaven or Hell (or purgatory). Some believe judgement will happen soon after death. Others believe judgement will occur on the Day of judgement. Judgement Christians believe that after they die, God will judge them on their actions as well as their faith in God. The Parable of the sheep and goats describes how God will judge people. This parable teaches Christians that in serving “I am the way, the truth others, they are serving Jesus. and the life. No one comes to the Father Jesus said that having faith in him and following his except through me.” teachings is essential for being able to reach John 14:6 heaven.  Heaven and Hell Judgement Heaven Purgatory Hell Thought to be either a An in-between state where A state of existence without physical or a spiritual place. should are cleansed in order to God. Traditional images show God enter heaven. A place of eternal torment ruled Only a belief for Catholic over by Satan (the Devil). on a throne with Jesus and Being cut off from the possibility angels. Christians. of God. A reward for both faith Awaits people who did not (believing in God) and actions worship God or follow the (doing what God has asked.) teachings of God. Teachings about Judgement, Heaven and Hell: Parable of Lazarus and the Rich Man Parable of the Ten Bridesmaids A rich man does not help a poor man called Lazarus. At a wedding five bridesmaids have brought extra oil Lazarus goes to heaven whilst the rich man goes to hell. for their lamps whilst the other five have forgotten. Once dead the rich man cannot go back to right his wrong. Whilst they wait for the groom they begin to run out of oil Christians should follow the teaching of Jesus, and up locked out of the party. This teaches Christians that they and care for other people, in order to get to heaven after death. should always be prepared for judgement. Parable of the Fishing net Parable of the Prodigal Son Jesus taught that Judgement Day is like a fishing net that A man had two sons, one asked for this share of the inheritance fishermen put out to the sea which catches all types of fish; the and left home leading a foolish life. When he ran out of money fishermen then separate the good fish from the bad. This teaches that he returned to his father, who celebrated his return. God welcomes the good will be separated from the bad. anyone who has turned away and wants to return showing sorrow and asking for forgiveness  Sin and Salvation Sin: Original Sin: Thoughts or actions that separates humans from God. The belief that we are born with a built in tendency to Some sins are illegal (e.g. murder) sin. Others are legal but against the laws of God (e.g. Come from Adam and Eve who committed the first sin. adultery) Caused separation from God. Free Will: Salvation: Humans should use freedom to make choices God To be saved from sin and its consequences and to be approves of. granted eternal life with God. God provides guidance on how to live, for example, the Salvation repairs the damage caused by sin. Ten Commandments. Salvation There are two main Christian ideas about how salvation comes about: Salvation through Good work Salvation through Grace The Old Testament makes it clear Salvation is given freely by God, that salvation comes through through the Holy Spirit, through faith in God and obeying God’s faith in Jesus. It is not deserved laws set out in the Bible but is a free gift of God’s love. “For it is by “Faith without grace that you action, is dead.” have been James 2:17 saved…” Ephesians 2:8  The Role of Christ in Salvation The Role of Christ in Salvation “For God so love the world that he gave his one and Jesus’ crucifixion made up for the original sin of Adam and Eve. only son that whoever The death of Jesus was necessary to restore the relationship believe in him shall not between God and humanity. die but have eternal Jesus’ resurrection shows the goodness of Jesus defeated the evil life.” of sin. John 3:16 God accepted Jesus’ sacrifice on behalf of humanity. Jesus’ resurrection means humans can now receive forgiveness for their sins. Jesus’ death and resurrection made it possible for all to receive eternal life. Atonement Atonement removed the effects of sin and allows people to restore their relationship with God. Through his sacrifice, Jesus took the suns of “Jesus is the atoning humanity on himself and paid the debt. He sacrifice for our sins and not only for ours but for the atoned for the sins of humanity. sins of the whole world.” This sacrifice makes it possible for all who 1 John 2:1-2 follow Jesus to receive eternal life.