UTS: Socratic & Platonic Theories PDF

UTS SocrateS and Plato Concerned with the “Cosmos” a.k.a. the universe Strayed from the concepts Gods and got scorned for it The “Task” of a philosopher is to “Know himself” Socrates stated “every human being is a composite of body and soul” which describes Dualistic P...

UTS SocrateS and Plato Concerned with the “Cosmos” a.k.a. the universe Strayed from the concepts Gods and got scorned for it The “Task” of a philosopher is to “Know himself” Socrates stated “every human being is a composite of body and soul” which describes Dualistic Philosophy The body is imperfect, but the soul is Plato on tHe SelF There are THREE SOULS IN A INDIVIDUAL o Vegetative – growth, reproduction, etc. –plants o Sentient – growth, reproduction, and senses o Rational – intellectual powers Modern PerIod rene deScarteS o Everything must be doubted, if so what is left to believe? o – “Cogito, ergo sum!” translates to “I think, Therefore I am, I exist” somewhat along the lines…🙄😐 daVId HUMe o Empiricism o Things that can be seen and felt is true o Truth is the experience of the senses o The self is just a “bundle of perceptions” IMManUel kant o perceptions must have an “organizing element” – says the mind o Self is needed to organize those perceptions SelF IS elUSIVe and a MySterIoUS SUbject…a realIty nonetHeleSS MaSkInG A process in which an individual “masks” their natural personality to conform social pressures Can be strongly influenced by environmental factors o Authoritarian Parents o Rejection o Emotional, Physical, or Sexual Abuse Is a facade to behave in certain ways that represses emotions Helps disguise socially unacceptable characteristics o Emotions that are usually concealed ▪ Anger, Anxiety, Disgust, Embarrassment, Fear, Frustration, Sadness o Emotions that are expressed in place of the concealed emotions ▪ Amusement, Boredom, Contempt, Frustration, Happiness, Interest, Sadness WHy MUSt We SHed oUr MaSk? To live to our potential For relief For healing BIOLOGICAL SELF Testosterone – plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testes and prostate EROGENOUS ZONES *Parts of the body that are sensitive, when touch, it increases sexual arousal Fetish – is characterized as an obsession – Dr. Rajan states “Sexual fetishes are nothing more than unconventional, yet harmless sexual practices 5-tier classification of sexual fetishism Class I: Desirers –Preference for certain kinds of partners Class II: Cravers – Strong preference for certain types of partners, sexual stimuli or activity Class III: Moderate Level –Sexual arousal are not possible without the specific stimuli. Might commit a crime to obtain their desire Class IV: High Level –The preferred stimulus(e.g., the high heeled shoe) takes the place of a sexual partner. Sexual activity can take place with just the preferred stimulus Class V: Fetishistic Murderers – May murder a person to obtain their desire WHat IS coItUS?? -Sexual Intercourse Types Premarital – before marriage Marital – during marriage Extra-marital – during marriage with a different person Post-marital – after marriage TYPES OF BEHAVIOUR SOLITARY BEHAVIOUR – self-gratification is self-stimulation with the intention of causing sexual arousal, leading to sexual climax -Done in private or in a group -happens during or before puberty SOCIOSEXUAL BEHAVIOUR -The greatest number of which is being done by heterosexuals - begins in childhood, curiosity and sex play PHYSIOLOGY OF HUMAN RESPONSE EXITEMENT PHASE -Increase in blood pressure -flushing and swelling -more rapid breathing -secretion of genital fluids -vaginal expansion -muscle tension PLATEAU PHASE -A brief duration leading to orgasm if continued SEXUAL CLIMAX -Abrupt, intense pleasure -spasms of the pelvic muscles – contractions in females and ejaculations in males -Involuntary vocalizations RESOLUTION PHASE - Return to normal or subnormal physiologic state - Males usually return to normal but females can have additional orgasms without “rest period” SEXUAL PROBLEMS PSYCOLOGICAL PROBLEMS - Caused by ignorance, sexual myths, maladaptive attitudes - Can give rise to feelings of inadequacy anxiety and guilt PREMATURE EMISSION OF SEMEN - Result of excessive tension for young males who may have been sexually deprived - Erectile impotence – may due to fatigue, disinterest, distractions, intoxication and others - Inability to ejaculate during coitus VAGINISMUS - Spasm of the pelvic musculature constricting the female reproductive organ. Penetration becomes painful or impossible - Can be due to trauma SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE - IDK THERE IS NOTHING IN THE POWERPOINT