Respiratory Medications PDF

Document Details

Uploaded by Deleted User

Tags

respiratory medications pharmacology pulmonary diseases medical treatments

Summary

This document provides information about respiratory medications, categorized by their mechanism of action and adverse effects, and exemplified with specific treatments. It includes discussions on agonists, anticholinergics, and xanthines.

Full Transcript

+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **CLASSIFIC | **THERAPEUT | **MECHANISM | **ADVERSE | **DRUG | | ATION**...

+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **CLASSIFIC | **THERAPEUT | **MECHANISM | **ADVERSE | **DRUG | | ATION** | IC | OF ACTION** | EFFECTS** | EXEMPLARS** | | | USES** | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Beta2-adr | Control of | Binds to | - - | **albuterol | | energic | asthma | beta 2 | | \ | | agonists**\ | symptoms\ | receptors | Fear, | inhaled | | **Short-act | SABA -- | in | anxiety, | SABA\ | | ing | rescue\ | bronchial | restlessnes | ** | | \[SABA\]**\ | LABA | smooth | s, | | | **Long-acti | --maintenan | muscle to:\ | HA, sore | **salmetero | | ng | ce\ | a. promote | throat, | l | | \[LABA\]** | \ | bronchodila | dizziness, | (Serevent)\ | | | COPD - | tion | nausea, | inhaled | | **(Sympatho | LABAs | | palpitation | LABA** | | mimetics)** | | b. relieve | , | | | | | bronchospas | tachycardia | terbutaline | | | | m | , | | | | | | paradoxical | oral | | | | c. inhibit | bronchospas | | | | | histamine | m, | | | | | | hypersensit | | | | | d. increase | ivity | | | | | ciliary | reactions. | | | | | motility | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Inhaled | Treatment | Blocks | Nervousness | **Ipratropi | | anticholine | of | parasympath | , | um** | | rgics** | bronchospas | etic | dizziness, | (Atrovent) | | | m | system, | HA, nausea, | | | | in asthma | allowing | cough, | | | | or COPD | sympathetic | palpitation | | | | | system | s, | | | | | enhancement | ocular | | | | | to promote | changes, | | | | | bronchodila | hypersensit | | | | | tion | ivity, | | | | | | urinary | | | | | | retention, | | | | | | paradoxical | | | | | | bronchospas | | | | | | m. | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Xanthines | Long term | Increases | Theophyllin | **theophyll | | ** | control of | cAMP | e: | ine**\ | | | chronic | (Cyclic | related to | (Theolair) | | | asthma or | adenosine | levels in | | | | COPD | monophospha | the blood, | | | | | te), | risk | | | | | the most | increases | | | | | common and | with levels | | | | | universal | higher than | | | | | secondary | 20 mcg/mL | | | | | messenger | | | | | | that | Irritabilit | | | | | regulates | y, | | | | | physiologic | restlessnes | | | | | al | s, | | | | | processes, | dizziness, | | | | | resulting | palpitation | | | | | in | s, | | | | | bronchodila | life | | | | | tion. | threatening | | | | | | arrhythmias | | | | | (chemically | , | | | | | related to | loss of | | | | | caffeine) | appetite, | | | | | | proteinuria | | | | | | , | | | | | | respiratory | | | | | | arrest, | | | | | | fever, | | | | | | flushing. | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Glucocort | Long term | Dampens | -Pharyngiti | **beclometh | | icoids** | control of | activation | s | asone | | | severe | of | (sore | (Qvar)** | | | asthma or | inflammator | throat), | | | | COPD | y | oral | **inhaled\ | | | | cells & | candidiasis | ** | | | Short term | increases | , | | | | therapy for | production | bone | **prednison | | | status | of | mineralizat | e** | | | asthmaticus | anti-inflam | ion | | | | | matory | with long | **oral\ | | | | mediators | use, | ** | | | | to:\ | immunosuppr | | | | | a. reduce | ession | **methylpre | | | | airway | | dnisolone** | | | | edema | | | | | | | | **IV** | | | | b. suppress | | | | | | mucus | | | | | | production | | | | | | | | | | | | c. promote | | | | | | responsiven | | | | | | ess | | | | | | of beta2 | | | | | | receptors | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Leukotrie | Asthma or | Suppresses | - - | **monteluka | | ne | COPD & | effect of | | st\ | | modifiers** | prevention | leukotriene | | (Singulair) | | | of | s | | ** | | | exercise-in | to reduce: | | | | | duced | | | | | | bronchospas | a\. airway | | | | | m | edema & | | | | | | inflammatio | | | | | | n | | | | | | | | | | | | b. | | | | | | bronchocons | | | | | | triction | | | | | | | | | | | | c\. mucus | | | | | | production | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Monoclonal | Control of | Binds to | infusion | Xolair\ | | Antibodies | persistent | IgE and | related | (omalizumab | | | asthma or | blocks its | reactions - | ) | | | COPD | reaction to | fever, rash | | | | symptoms | antigens. | | | | | | This blocks | Contraindic | | | | | release of | ated: | | | | | inflammator | infections, | | | | | y | malignancy | | | | | mediators. | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Opioids** | Cough | Acts on CNS | sedation, | **codeine** | | | suppression | to raise | **respirato | | | | | cough | ry | | | | | threshold | depression* | | | | | thereby | *, | | | | | suppress | hypotension | | | | | cough | , | | | | | reflex. | GI upset, | | | | | | constipatio | | | | | | n | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Non-opioids | Cough | Acts on CNS | dizziness, | dextrometho | | | suppression | (like an | sedation at | rphan | | | | opioid) to | high doses | (Delsym) | | | | suppress | | | | | | cough | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Expectora | Promotes | Thins and | GI upset, | **guaifenes | | nts** | mucus | increases | dizziness | in | | | expectorati | mucus flow | | (Mucinex)** | | | on | allowing | | | | | | secretions | | | | | | to be more | | | | | | easily | | | | | | expectorate | | | | | | d. | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Mucolytic | Promotes | Breaks down | Bronchospas | **acetylcys | | s** | mucus | the | m, | teine | | | expectorati | chemical | nausea, | (Mucomyst)) | | | on. | structure | vomiting, | ** | | | | of mucus | rash | | | | Also used | thereby | | | | | in Cystic | loosening | | | | | Fibrosis | secretions | | | | | | and making | | | | | | them easier | | | | | | to | | | | | | expectorate | | | | | |. | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Alpha-adren | Allergic or | Sympathomim | -flushing | phenylephri | | ergic | non-allergi | etic. | (warmth, | ne | | Agonists | c | Stimulates | redness, or | (Afrin) | | | rhinitis, | alpha1 | tingly | | | | sinusitis | adrenergic | feeling) | | | | | receptors | | | | | | causing | -loss of | | | | | vasoconstri | appetite | | | | | ction | | | | | | and | -feeling | | | | | reduction | restless or | | | | | of nasal | excited | | | | | passage | | | | | | edema. | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | | | | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **H1 | Relief of | Blocks H1 | | **diphenhyd | | Receptor\ | allergic | receptors | | ramine** | | Antagonists | itching, | to block | | | | ** | sneezing, | action of | | **(Benadryl | | | rhinorrhea | histamine- | | )** | | | | to secrete | | | | | | mucus | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | Nasal | Preferred | Decreases | | mometasone\ | | glucocortic | treatment | secretion | | (Nasonex) | | oids | of nasal | of | | | | | congestion | inflammator | | | | | of | y | | | | | perennial | mediators | | | | | allergies | thereby | | | | | | reducing | | | | | | mucosal | | | | | | edema. | | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser