Research Process FYP_24 2 PDF

Research Process Assoc. Prof. Ts. Dr. Muhammad Salahuddin Haris Research Process  1) Identify the Problem Research starts with Research Problem/Questions that needs answers/solutions. A good RP should: Detail the problem statement. Further describes and refines the issu...

Research Process Assoc. Prof. Ts. Dr. Muhammad Salahuddin Haris Research Process  1) Identify the Problem Research starts with Research Problem/Questions that needs answers/solutions. A good RP should: Detail the problem statement. Further describes and refines the issue under study. Add focus to the problem statement. Guide data collection and analysis. Set context of research.  Identify the Problem: How? A preliminary survey Case studies Interviews with a small group of people Observational survey  Research Gap: An Overview A research gap is defined as a topic or area for which missing or insufficient information limits to reach a conclusion for a question. Types: ○ Evidence gap: if research findings contradict ○ Empirical gap: no study to date ○ Knowledge gap: there are 2 settings where a knowledge gap might occur. ○ Practical-knowledge gap ○ Methodological gap ○ Theoretical gap ○ Population gap You can formulate/refine your research question (RQ) after finding research problem/gap. Example Research Problem “ Now it is your turn to define your research problem/gap ” Research Process (padlet.com) 2) Evaluate the Literature (Literature Review) Essential for research process Identifies specific problem aspects Provides problem zone background Familiarizes with previous research Understands research methodologies Aligns with existing knowledge Enhances research efficiency How to do LR My Rule of Thumb: 1) Source of Literature: Reliable. WOS/Scopus Indexed 2) Date of Literature: Recent. Majority of the literatures are < 5 years. 3) Literatures written by leading expert in the field. 4) Covers all the elements in the titles/objectives/methodologies. 5) LR will help in finding answers to the research question  3) Create Hypothesis A hypothesis is a statement that can be tested by scientific research. It is a tentative answer to your research question that has not yet bee tested. NEPTUNE MARS SATURN Despite being Neptune is the Venus is the red, Mars is farthest planet second planet actually a cold from the Sun from the Sun place Research Objective (RO) Relationship between RQ, hypothesis and RO. Research Question: "How does regular exercise impact the mental well-being of individuals aged 40 and above?" Research Hypothesis: "Regular exercise has a positive effect on the mental well-being of individuals aged 40 and above." Research Objective: To assess the mental well-being of individuals aged 40 and above who engage in regular exercise (can continue with methodology here). “ Now it is your turn to write your research objectives/hypothesis ” Research Process (padlet.com) 4) Research Design/Methodology Can be Qualitative, Quantitative or Mixed Mode  5) Describe Population Research projects focus on specific groups: people, facilities, or technology in busine The term "population" in research refers to the study group. Research topic and purpose determine the study group. Targeted group can be defined by age, gender, location, or ethnicity. A crucial step: specify the sample/population for result generalization.  6) Data Collection Primary Data Sources: Secondary Data Sources Experiment Literature survey Questionnaire Observation Official and unofficial reports Interview Library resources-based approach Key Point: Data collection is vital for acquiring information to address research questions/objectives, involving both primary and secondary sources.  7) Data Analysis What? “the process of transforming extensive data into a coherent narrative and deriving insights from it” How? 1) Data Organisation 2) Summarisation and Categorisation: Help in finding pattern and themes for easy identication and linking. 3) Data Analysis and Interpretation Why? 1) Address RQ and RO. 2) Exposing data pattern. 3) Transform data into story and insights.  8) Report/Thesis Writing Common outline 1) Introduction 1.1 Background of Study 1.2 Problem Statement 1.3 Research Questions and Objectives 1.4 Scope of the Study (if applicable) 1.5 Significance of Study 1.6 Definition of Key Terms (if applicable) 1.7 Summary of Chapter (if applicable) 2) Literature Review 2.1 Overview/Nature/Fundamental of Subject Under Investigation (SUI) 2.2 Underpinning and Supporting Theories 2.3 Theoretical Framework (qualitative study) 2.4 Literature & Description of all related variables to SUI 2.5 Hypothesis development (can also put in 1.3) 2.6 Operationalisation of variables (e.g.: Instrumentation)  8) Report/Thesis Writing Common outline 3) Materials and Methodology 3.1 Materials 3.2 Methodology (With Sub-section and Sequence) 3.3 Data Analysis 4) Results and Discussion (Combined or Separated) Structured in sequence with methodology Highlight key findings – relate with RQ/RO/hypothesis Use Visual Wisely – chart/graph/table Be concise and consistent Use clear narrative Address limitations Discuss the results – trends/high/low/unexpected Relate with the key theories  8) Report/Thesis Writing Common outline 5) Conclusion and Future Recommendation Summarise key findings Restate the RO – achieved? Connect to hypothesis – support/refute? Highlight significance and impact of this study in broader context in the field Address RQ – give answers based on the key findings Avoid new information and citation Suggest future works 7) References Closely follow a citation style Cite all sources – cross-check in-text citation and full references list Use citation management software Be ethical  Tips in Conducting Research S Thanks! Do you have any questions? [email protected] CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik