Reproductive and Sexual Health PDF

CONCEPT OF UNITIVE AND PROCREATIVE HEALTH Sheila S. Zate RM,RN Clinical Instructor 1  A CONCEPT OF UNITIVE AND PROCREATIVE UNITIVE - HEALTH Marriage is Union of two PROCREATIV when a man and individuals...

CONCEPT OF UNITIVE AND PROCREATIVE HEALTH Sheila S. Zate RM,RN Clinical Instructor 1  A CONCEPT OF UNITIVE AND PROCREATIVE UNITIVE - HEALTH Marriage is Union of two PROCREATIV when a man and individuals that E - Create and woman unite “as is mutually produce another one flesh” Sex is agreedneeds Marriage to All marital life. The unitive and unitive.acts become to one. be open to must respect Thus, unitive, procreative the possibility of and both the unitive aspects of the having children. procreative are and procreative sexual act are Sex is sacred purposes of the inseparable. procreative marital act. SEXUAL RELATIONSHIP IN MARRIAGE HAS TWO PURPOSES 1. Strengthen the couple and allows them to express their love in a powerful way (unitive). 2. Leads to the creation of new life (procreation)  PROCREATION, CREATION AND EVOLUTION Procreation - is the creation of a new human person, by the act of sexual intercourse, by a manCreation and a woman. - is the making of all things from nothing, by an act oftheory Evolutionary God, at-some is thetime in the theory that all past.things God’scame actionabout couldbyhave the taken repeateda second, random or 6actions days, orofa natural million selection, years. whereby: 1. Life came into existence, and then 2. Primitive life evolved into more and more Family of Orientation– the family CHARACTERISTICS OF to which one is born, THE FAMILY AS A reared and socialized. It CLIENT consists of a father, The family is behaving, mother, brothers and functioning organism. sisters. The family develops its Family of Procreation– own lifestyle.  CHARACTERISTICS OF HEALTHY FAMILIES: ✓Communicates and listens ✓Supports its members ✓Teaches respect for others ✓Develops trust ✓Plays and shares a sense of humor ✓Strong sense of family ✓Seeks help when necessary The Family is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau (USCB, 2010) as “a Concept group of people related by blood, marriage, or adoption living together.” - Allender (2013) defines the of family in a much broader context as “two or more people who live in the same household (usually), share a Family common emotional bond, and perform certain interrelated social tasks.” Family Types Family of Family of procreation For the orientation (a family one purposes of (the family establishes; or assessing one is born oneself, families, two into; or spouse or basic family oneself, significant types can be mother, other, and described: father, and children, if siblings, if any) any) Family Types The Dyad Family - is two people living together without children. - usually refers to single young adults who live together in shared apartments or dormitories for companionship and financial security while completing school or beginning a career. - Dyad families are generally viewed as temporary arrangements, but this could extend into a lifetime arrangement. Positive aspects: Companionship, possibly shared resources Potential negative aspects: Often a short-term arrangement so can result in a sense of loss when the relationship ends  The Cohabitation Family - are composed of couples, perhaps with children, who live together but remain unmarried. Although such a relationship may be temporary, it may also be as long-lasting and as meaningful as a more traditional alliance. Many couples choose cohabitation as a way of getting to know a potential life partner before marriage because of the hope this will make their eventual marriage stronger. Statistically, however, couples who cohabit before marriage have a higher divorce rate than those who do not (Cherlin, 2012). Positive aspects: Companionship, possibly financial security; encourages a monogamous relationship Potential negative aspects: As with dyad families, may result in a feeling of loss if only short term and the breakup isn’t desired by both partners  d. The Polygamous Family Although polygamy (a marriage c. The Nuclear Family - is composed of a husband, with multiple wives or husbands) has wife, and children. been illegal in the United States since - it was the most common family structure 1978, such families are not an unusual seen worldwide. arrangement worldwide, so new - The biggest advantage of a nuclear family is immigrants may report they have been its ability to provide support to family members raised in this type of family (or may still because, with its small size, people know each other be living in this arrangement). well and can feel genuine affection and support for This category can be further and from each other. divided into polygyny (a family with one Positive aspects: Support for family man and several wives) and polyandry members; sense of security (one wife with more than one husband) Possible negative aspects: May lack (Jacobson & Burton, 2011). support people in a crisis situation Positive aspects: Companionship; shared resources Possible negative aspects: Not sanctioned by law; disapproval by community; decreased value of women e. The Extended (Multigenerational) Family - includes not only a nuclear family but also other family members such as grandmothers, grandfathers, aunts, uncles, cousins, and grandchildren. Advantage of such a family is it contains more people to serve as resources during crises and provides more role models for behavior or values (Keene, Prokos, & Held, 2012). Positive aspects: Many people for child care and member support Possible negative aspects : Resources may be stretched thin because of few wage earners f. The Single-Parent Family - single-parent families play a large role in childrearing. - Unfortunately, low income is often a problem encountered by single-parent families, especially if a woman is the head of the household. - Single parents have difficulty working full time plus taking total care of young children. - Trying to fulfill several central roles (mother and father) is not only time consuming but also mentally and physically exhausting and, in many instances, not rewarded. g. The Blended Family - (a remarriage or reconstituted family), a divorced or widowed person with children marries someone who also has children. h. The Gay or Lesbian Family - Gay is the socially preferred term to describe men who have sex with men; lesbian is used to denote women who have sex with women. - Gay couples or lesbian couples live together as partners for companionship, financial security, and sexual fulfillment, or form the same structure as a nuclear family. h. The Foster Family - Children whose parents can no longer care for them may be placed in a foster or substitute home by a child protection agency (Kubiak, Kasiborski, Karim, et al., 2012). - Foster parents may have children of their own; they receive remuneration for care of the foster child. - Theoretically, foster home placement is temporary until children can be returned to their own parents. - Unfortunately, if return does not become possible, children may be raised to adulthood in a series of foster care families. i. The Adoptive Family - Families of a great many types (nuclear, extended, cohabitation, blended, single parent, gay, and lesbian) adopt children today. - No matter what the family structure, adopting not only brings unusual joy and fulfillment to a family but can also offer a number of challenges for both the adopting parents and the child as well as for any other children in the family (Jones, 2012).  FAMILY FUNCTIONS AND ROLES Family roles Nurturer Who is the primary caregiver to children or a physically or cognitively challenged member? Provider Who brings in the bulk of the family’s income? Decision maker Who makes decisions, particularly in the area of lifestyle and how leisure time is spent? Financial manager Who supervises the family fi nances (pays the bills, provides savings for the future)? Problem solver Who does the family depend on to provide a solution to problems? Health manager Who makes health care decisions, ensures family members keep health appointments, immunizations are kept current, and preventive care such as a mammogram for the mother is scheduled? Culture bearer Who maintains family and community customs so children can develop a sense of where they belong in history? Environmentalist Who is responsible for recycling and not wasting electricity or water? Gatekeeper Who determines what information will be released from the family or what new information can be introduced?  1. Physical maintenance: A healthy family provides food, shelter, clothing, and health care for its members. Family 2. Socialization of family members: This task includes being certain that children feel part of the family and learning Tasks appropriate ways to interact with people outside the family such as teachers, neighbors, or police. 3. Allocation of resources: This involves determining which family needs will be met and their order of priority, including not only material goods but also affection and space.  Maintenance of order: This task includes establishing family values, establishing rules about expected family responsibilities and roles, and enforcing common regulations for family members such as using “time out” for toddlers. Family 5. Division of labor: Healthy families not only evenly divide the Tasks workload among members but are also flexible enough to interchange workloads as needed. 6. Reproduction, recruitment, and release of family members: Often not a great deal of thought is given to who lives in a family; membership often happens more by changing circumstances than by true choice.  Responsabile Parenthood The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012, also known as the Reproductive Health Law or RH Law, and officially designated as Republic Act No. 10354, is a Philippine law that provides universal access to methTods of contraception, fertility control, sexual education, and maternal care. What is the purpose of Responsible Parenthood? Responsible parenting, to put things simply, is being able to recognize your child's needs and wants and being able to support them in achieving these things. Responsible parenthood also has to do with parents aiding their children to becoming happy, responsible adults.  Evidence - Based practice in Maternal and Child Health The study found that evidence-based practices in maternal and child health nursing have a positive effect on the health outcomes of women and children. Key findings included the importance of prenatal education, breastfeeding support, postpartum depression screening, and immunization adherence. Evidence-based maternity care uses the best available research on the safety and effectiveness of specific practices to help guide maternity care decisions and to facilitate optimal outcomes in mothers and newborns.  7. Placement of members into the larger society: Healthy families realize they do not have to operate alone but can reach out to other families or their community for help as needed. Family Tasks 8. Maintenance of motivation and morale: Healthy families are able to maintain a sense of unity and pride in their family. Assessing whether a feeling of loyalty to other family members is present tells you a lot about the overall health of a family.