Renal Diseases DTH23 Student Copy Part 2 of 2 PDF
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Uploaded by HalcyonActionPainting
London South Bank University
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Summary
This document covers various aspects of kidney diseases, including signs and symptoms, general management, dialysis, transplantations, and post-transplantation considerations. It also discusses clinical dental relevance including implications.
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What are the signs and symptoms of kidney disease? Signs & Symptoms of kidney disease Weight loss and Shortness of breath poor appetite (dyspnoea) Increased need to...
What are the signs and symptoms of kidney disease? Signs & Symptoms of kidney disease Weight loss and Shortness of breath poor appetite (dyspnoea) Increased need to Swollen ankles, feet urinate or hands – due to (especially at night) water retention Insomnia Itchy skin Blood In urine (haematuria) 3 General Management Low protein diet Potassium restriction Salt or water control Dialysis/Transplant Prevention of further renal damage Questions to think about What foods contain protein? Which foods contain potassium? What measures would a patient have to take to control salt and water intake? 4 General Management (continued) Dialysis can give normal life to up to 20% of patients but cannot prevent all complications Over 70% of patients on haemodialysis survive at least 5 years Renal transplant may then become necessary 5 Kidney Dialysis 6 Renal transplantations This is now common and survival of the graft can be up to 90% at one year Patients need to be immunosuppressed after the transplant Usual medications are: Corticosteroid Azathioprine Cyclosporine 7 Post Transplantation Patients may still have some of the problems associated with renal failure They are susceptible to infection (immunosuppression) 8 What are the implications for you treating this patient? Think about what you have heard Make a list of problems you might encounter when treating a patient with kidney disease Dental Relevance Patient also require steroid cover Cytomegalovirus & Candida Infections Herpes Simplex or Zoster Virus infections Epstein- Barr Lymphomas and to a less Cyclosporine may cause Skin, lip and cervical cancer Kaposi’s Sarcoma degree gingival overgrowth Dental Relevance Bleeding tendencies Underlying disease Impaired drug Infections with excretion hepatitis B and other viruses Hypertension Bone lesions of the jaw Corticosteroid or other Diet immunosuppressiv e treatment Clinical Dental Relevance Dry mouth Halitosis Metallic taste Salivary gland swelling Growth may be stunted Tooth eruption delayed Enamel hypoplasia 12 Useful References Waugh, A. and Grant, A. (2018) Ross & Wilson Anatomy And Physiology In Health And Illness. 14th ed. Elsevier. 13 And finally a helpful video https://youtu.be/fv53QZRk4hs
