Reflexes - Motor Response PDF
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This document discusses reflexes and motor responses in the context of human physiology. It covers both somatic and autonomic reflexes, highlighting the key features and mechanisms involved. The content delves into the specifics of monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes, with a focus on the role of antagonistic controls. The summary encompasses the concept of integration and response, and provides general insights into the workings of the human body.
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I Reflexes: Reflexes Autonomic visceral involve...
I Reflexes: Reflexes Autonomic visceral involve organs movement: integration of censory info: involuntary response - spine brain butmodulated by key feature-negative feedback (stops responses INs (e.g. pee=learned reflex -some reflexes have feedforward:anticipate r -integrated in hypothalamus, ↳e.g. see food-digestive activity starts thalamus brain stem can be emotional reflex:hair L ~ stands when scared epiloerection somatic autonomic -tonic activity:continuous control (blood vessels) Iskeletal) Ismooth cardiac nextpage 4-antagonistcontrol muscle, gland, adiposel autonomic reflexes: in CNS 31 in ganglion synapse polysynaptic & spinal reflex brain cranial reflex:brain 9 * innate:genetically determined (born with learned:acquired through experiencel conditioned ↳ uses association. * monosynaptic=2 neurons, I sensory effector =only somatic motor polysynaptic:itinterneurons :autonomic reflexes, I afferent 32 efferent ~ somatic motor reflex: ~Somatic Motor reflex: -> skeletal / extrafusal muscle --- somaticl < In - motor neuron ↑ - 2 synapses 2 Antagonistic control: skeletal muscle reflexes cont: - proprioceptors in skeletal muscle, jointcapsules ligament - ↳ carry inputsensory neurons to CNS integrates signal ↳ CNS 5 somatic motor neurons carry output:alphd motor neuron ↳ Skeletal effectors: Muscle fiber/extrafusal muscle fiber * 3 types ofproprioceptors 17 muscle spindle sensory receptor in muscle. 2) Golgi tendon organ 3) jointreceptors in - capsules ligaments ofjoints, fast adapting, signal joint Skeletal muscle Reflexes: angle, integrated in cerebellum I read. - excitation of somatic motor ALWAYS:contraction ↓Muscle spindle:I stretch receptors:stretch reflex S E V -I S ↳ofmuscle spindle inhibitory neuron :relaxabsence of excitatory neuron inhibitory interneuron in CNS inhibit -. somatic motor neuron * NO antagonistic effectbut rather inhibitory! 3 muscle spindle:maintain muscle tone Motor Neurons: * WithoutGamma ↳ firing even when muscle relaxed -trafusal ~actual muscle. & also preventoverstretching by monitoring muscle length -> thick 3 thin filaments attension & lose fine motor skills =>⑦ intra extra extra contracts ↑ Stretch I & A 1St. Alpha-Gamma co-activation -> maintain spindle function -muscle contracts:shorten when alpha motor fires simultaneous end ofmuscle -gamma motor neuron innervates muscle fibers at spindle : spindle:stretched 3 active example :spindles tarts able to detectchanges in stretch p 2 3 symptoms: 4 movement voluntary - e Grrr ⑱ ⑧ +O2 +op ⑧ TOP r S Golgi Tendon organs:a sense muscle tension, involved in relaxation ↑ reflex & 2 limbs ↑ monosynaptic c. reciprocal inhibition Cantagonist ↳ polysynaptic reflex tension path know * protects muscle: path 2 * *steps!! x(fexor)
