4th Exam Rationalization (Pre-Analytical Considerations in Phlebotomy) - Capillary Puncture Exam | PDF

4TH EXAM RATIONALIZATION (Pre-Anaytical Considerations in Phlebotomy – Capillary Puncture Equipment and Procedures) 1. How does increased lipid levels affect the appearance of serum or plasma Answer: It causes it to appear milky or turbid 2. Why does accurate testing of triglycerides Answer: Increas...

4TH EXAM RATIONALIZATION (Pre-Anaytical Considerations in Phlebotomy – Capillary Puncture Equipment and Procedures) 1. How does increased lipid levels affect the appearance of serum or plasma Answer: It causes it to appear milky or turbid 2. Why does accurate testing of triglycerides Answer: Increases cholesterol levels temporarily MIDTERM 10. What does a change in posture from lying to standing cause in total and high-density 6. Which environmental factors can affect test values by influencing the composition of body fluids? lipoprotein cholesterol results? Answer: Decreases both 11. Why is it important to turn off the IV for at often require a 12-hour fast? Answer: Temperature and humidity Answer: To prevent lypemia 7. What should be avoided before drawing 3. What should be followed for several days PMLS 2 | LECTURE least 2 minutes before collecting blood from a patient with an IV? blood on a patient with a mastectomy? Answer: To reduce the risk of before collecting stool specimens for occult Answer: Drawing blood from the same arm contamination from IV fluids in the blood blood testing? as the mastectomy sample Answer: Special diet eliminating certain food 4. Which analyte levels are increased by chronic consumption or recent ingestion of large amounts of alcohol? Answer: Triglycerides 5. How does exercise affect cholesterol levels? Page 1 of 5 8. Why should venipucture not be performed 12. What is the rationale behind applying the through a hematoma? tourniquet distal to the IV during blood Answer: Because it may yield inaccurate collection? test results Answer: To avoid disturbing the IV 9. What does a buzzing sound or buzzing 13. Why is it recommended to select a sensation called a ‘thrill’ indicate in relation to venepuncture site distal to the IV? an arteriovenous shunt? Answer: To prevent backflow of IV fluids Answer: Proper fusion of artery and vein into the blood sample THIS DOCUMENT IS INTENDED FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY. 4TH EXAM RATIONALIZATION (Pre-Anaytical Considerations in Phlebotomy – Capillary Puncture Equipment and Procedures) 14. What action should the phlebotomist take if 18. What should be done if an arterial line is PMLS 2 | LECTURE MIDTERM 22. How can hemoconcentration be prevented IV fluids may still be present in the vein present in the patient’s arm? during venepuncture? despite turning off the IV? Answer: Avoid applying a tourniquet or Answer: By releasing the tourniquet within Answer: Choose a different arm for blood performing venepuncture in the same arm 1 minute of application collection 15. What is the purpose of documenting the collection details when drawing blood below an IV? 19. What is the potential risk of drawing blood in an area with an enema? during specimen collection? Answer: Contamination with tissue fluid Answer: Hemolysis is the escape of 20. How can a phlebotomist best approach blood Answer: To provide information for collection from an obese patient? troubleshooting potential issues with test Answer: Use a longer tourniquet or a results blood pressure cuff 16. How long should blood collection be avoided 23. What is hemolysis and what can cause it haemoglobin from RBCs into the specimen resulting in a pink appearance 24. Which of the following is NOT a procedural error that can cause specimen hemolysis? 21. What is hemoconcentration and how does it Answer: Allowing the tube to sit horizontally during transport from unknown previous IV site? affect blood specimens? Answer: 24 – 48 hours Answer: Hemoconcentration is the 25. What is the risk associated with drawing increase in non-filterable large molecule or blood through an IV valve? vascular access device? protein based blood components such as Answer: Hemolysis of the blood specimen Answer: To administer fluids and RBCs resulting from venostasis 17. What is the primary purpose of a central medications and draw blood Page 2 of 5 26. What is a sterile, disposable, sharp, pointed or bladed instrument that either punctures or THIS DOCUMENT IS INTENDED FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY. 4TH EXAM RATIONALIZATION (Pre-Anaytical Considerations in Phlebotomy – Capillary Puncture Equipment and Procedures) makes an incision in the skin to obtain capillary specimens for testing? Answer: Lancet 27. What are often referred to as bullets because of its size and shape? Answer: Microtainer Answer: Stirrers : often referred to as fleas 31. To avoid burning the patient, these devices PMLS 2 | LECTURE MIDTERM 34. What is the correct order of draw for capillary puncture? Arrange from first to last provide a uniform temperature that does not Answer: 1) Blood Gas Specimen (CBG), 2) exceed 42 degrees Celsius EDTA Specimen, 3) Other Additives Answer: Warming devices Specimen, 4) Serum Specimen 32. These specimens are a mixture of venous, 35. Which of the following is/are FALSE about the arterial, and capillary blood along with capillary puncture site for adults vaporizes water in the skin to produce a small interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid from the Answer: Recommended site is the palmar hole in the capillary bed without cauterizing surrounding tissues. surface of the dominant hand the delicate capillaries? Answer: Capillary specimen 28. What capillary puncture equipment typically Answer: Lasers 36. Arrange the heelstick procedure 33. A medical technologist is about to puncture chronologically the left heel of a newborn baby but she Answer: 1) Encircle the heel with your plastic-clad capillary tubes that fill by capillary notices that it is swollen and that it has been index finger around the arch, 2) Trigger action and typically hold 50 -75 microliters of previously punctured. What should she do the puncture and discard the lancet in the blood next? Answer: Microhematocrit tubes Answer: Check the right heel if it is viable 29. These are disposable, narrow-bore plastic or 30. Which are correctly associated to capillary blood gas? Page 3 of 5 for puncture sharps container, 3) Position the foot downward and apply gentle pressure to the site, 4) Wipe away the first blood drop with a gauze pad. THIS DOCUMENT IS INTENDED FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY. 4TH EXAM RATIONALIZATION (Pre-Anaytical Considerations in Phlebotomy – Capillary Puncture Equipment and Procedures) 37. Which of the following is/are TRUE about the 41. According to OSHA, only the needle must go PMLS 2 | LECTURE MIDTERM 45. Do not use veins on the underside of the blood spot collection into the sharps container and not the tube wrist because nerves lie close to the veins in Answer: The paper should not be allowed holder to prevent wastage of the tube this area and can easily be injured to touch the surface of the site holders. Answer: B 38. Which of the following is/are TRUE about heel puncture precautions? 46. Angle of insertion in venepuncture is 15 Answer: A 42. Blood specimen for lactic acid testing Answer: Do not puncture any deeper than requires tourniquet application. 2 mm. Answer: A 39. Which of the following is/are FALSE about degrees Answer: B 47. To prepare a thick smear, a very large drop of 43. A phlebotomist who lowers a bed rail and blood is placed on the center of a glass slide fingerstick puncture precautions? forgets to raise it can be held liable if the and spread with a corner of another slide or Answer: Do not puncture perpendicular to patient falls out of the bed and is injured cover slip until it is the size of a dime the grooves or lines of the fingerprint Answer: B Answer: B 40. What is the primary objective of the 44. The tourniquet should be tight enough to 48. During capillary puncture, you should wipe preanalytical phase in laboratory testing? slow venous flow without affecting arterial away the last drop of blood with a gauze pad Answer: Ensuring specimen quality flow to prevent contamination of the specimen Answer: B with excess tissue fluid For items 41 – 50: Shade A if the statement is False Answer: A Shade B if the statement is True Page 4 of 5 THIS DOCUMENT IS INTENDED FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY. 4TH EXAM RATIONALIZATION (Pre-Anaytical Considerations in Phlebotomy – Capillary Puncture Equipment and Procedures) PMLS 2 | LECTURE MIDTERM 49. Punctures 2 mm deep or less will provide adequate blood flow without risking bone injury for newborns. Answer: B 50. General site selection criteria include one that is warm, pink, or normal color and free of scars, cutes, bruises, or rashes. It should be cyanotic and edematous. Answer: A Page 5 of 5 THIS DOCUMENT IS INTENDED FOR REVIEW PURPOSES ONLY.