NUR 3050 Pharmacology Quiz 2 Medications PDF

Drug Class with examples Purpose/Therapeutic use Why used? Side Effects and Adverse Reaction Nursing Consideration and Contraindications: Concerns and what does patient need to know Additional Information Immunizations: Hepatitis A & Hepatitis B Diphtheria, Tetanus, & acellular pertussis (D...

Drug Class with examples Purpose/Therapeutic use Why used? Side Effects and Adverse Reaction Nursing Consideration and Contraindications: Concerns and what does patient need to know Additional Information Immunizations: Hepatitis A & Hepatitis B Diphtheria, Tetanus, & acellular pertussis (DTaP) Polio Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) Haemophilus influenza type B (HiB) Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13) Inactivated poliovirus Influenza Varicella Meningococcal Conjugate Polysaccharide (MCV4) Human papilloma Vaccine (vHPV) Chemotherapeutic Agents: Alkylating Agents CANCER - C -- CBC -- platelets monitor - A -- Antiemetics before drug - N -- Nephrotoxicity -- undesirable effect - C- Counseling regarding reproduction issues - E- Encourage handwashing, avoid crowds - R -- Recommend a Wig for Alopecia Antimetabolites - Methotrexate **Metabolite** **M** -- Monitor I & O and uric acid (2-3 L/day of fluids) **E** -- Emesis and nausea -- Administer and antiemetic **T** -- Temperature, assessments indicating infections **A** -- Alkalinize urine by giving with sodium bicarbonate capsules **B** -- Bleeding (bruising) Anemia (fatigue) Infection ( sore throat, fever) -- Report **O**- Oral hygiene -- brush with soft toothbrush; avoid mouthwash with alcohol **L**- Labs to monitor- CBC, BUN, Creatinine, Liver enzymes **I** --Infection control standards **T**- The skin- assess for jaundice; urine color (dark); stools (clay-colored) **E**- Educate females to use birth control during treatment. Eliminate alchohol Antitumor Antibiotics **CINEMANS** - **C** -- color of urine changes - **I** -- increased opportunistic organisms - **N**- Nausea, vomiting - **E** -- Extravasitation - **A** -- Alopecia - **N** -- Note labs to monitor -- AST, ALT, BUN, creatinine, CBC, HGB, HCT - **S**- Sterility Antimitotic Agents or Mitotic Inhibitors **MITOTIC** - **M** -- May cause hepatotoxicity; monitor AST and ALT; report yellow skin - **I** -- Inhibits cell mitosis - **T**- Take precautions -- vesicants- remember V's for vesicant ( Vincristine, Vinblastine, Velban) Stop infusion if extravasitation - **O** -- Other concerns- Alopecia; provide emotional support and get a hairpiece - **T** -- Treat for breast cancer, lymphomas, luekemia, Wilms Tumor - **I** - rev**I**ew client's mobility and ADL's; Review labs: CBC and Liver Enzymes - **C**- CNS and neuro side effects such as peripheral neuropathy: report weakness, parasthesia, and sensory loss (safety caution to prevent injury) Topoisomerase inhibitors Hormones and Hormone Modulators Cancer Cell-Specific Agents: Interferons Pain & Inflammatory Medications Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): First Generation NSAIDs (Cox-1 and Cox-2 Inhibitors): Aspirin (ASA), Ibuprofen (Motrin), Naproxen, Indomethacin, Ketorolac, Meloxicam, Piroxicam, Ketoprofen Second-Generation NSAIDs (Selective Cox-2 Inhibitor): Celecoxib NSAIDs - **N**- No alcohol - **S** (side effects- **BIRTH**) - **A** -- Aspirin sensitivity - **I** -- Inhibits prostaglandins - **D**- Do take with food - **S**- Stop 5-7 days before surgery \*\***BIRTH** -- Bone marrow depression, Increased GI distress, Renal toxicity, Tinnitus and Hepatotoxicity Acetaminophen **LIVER** - **L**ook for diaphoresis, tachycardia, and malaise - **I**ntake of one glass of water is recommended - **V**ia nebulizer -- administer antidote Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) for OD - **E**rrors in dosing may result in liver damage - **R**enal disease, alcohol abuse and hepatic disease -- use cautiously Opioid Agonists: - Morphine - Fentanyl - Methadone - Codeine - Oxycodone - Hydromorphone **Designer:** - **D**ry mouth/**D**izziness/**D**ecrease BP - **E**uphoria - **S**edation - **I**tch - **G**astro - **N**ausea - **E**yes (papillary constriction) - **R**espiratory degression Opioid Agonists--Antagonists - Buprenorphine (*Buprenex*) - Butorphanol - Nalbuphine - Pentazocine (*Talwin*) Opioid Antagonists - Naloxone (*Narcan, Evzio*) - Naltrexone (*ReVia*) **Mnemonic** **5 P's** - **Perspiration** - **Pulse** - **Puke** - **Pain** - **Pressure** **Narcotic Toxicity** **CPR-3H** **C**oma **P**inpoint pupils **R**espiratory **D**epression **H**ypotension **H**ypothermia **H**yporexflexia Adjuvant Medications - Tricyclic Antidepressants (Amitriptyline/Imipramine) - Anticonvulsants (Carbamazepine, gabapentin) - CNS stimulants (Methylphenidate/Dextroamphetamine) - Antihistamines (Hydroxyzine) - Glucocorticoids (Dexamethasone/Prednisone) - Bisphosphonates (Etidronate/Pamidronate) - NSAIDs (Ketorolac) Migraine Medications (ones not listed previously) - Serotonin receptor agonist (triptans) - Ergot alkaloids - Beta blockers (Propranolol) - Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline) - Estrogens Local Anesthetics - Amide type (Lidocaine) - Ester type (tetracaine, procaine) Medication(s) MOA Uses Side/Adverse Effects Patient Education & NM Additional Inf Medication(s) MOA Uses Side/Adverse Effects Patient Education & NM Additional Inf