Question Bank - Computer Fundamentals - SoCSE PDF

**[SoCSE]** **Question Bank - Unit no.: 1** **Level A. Easy Questions (2 marks each)** **Questions** Who is the father of Computers? What an important contribution he made in invention of computer system? ANS:The title of \"father of computers\" is often attributed to Charles Babbage, a 19th-ce...

**[SoCSE]** **Question Bank - Unit no.: 1** **Level A. Easy Questions (2 marks each)** **Questions** Who is the father of Computers? What an important contribution he made in invention of computer system? ANS:The title of \"father of computers\" is often attributed to Charles Babbage, a 19th-century mathematician and inventor who conceptualized the Analytical Engine, considered the first design for a general-purpose mechanical computer. CO1 Name the First Electronic Computer? When it was invented? ANS:The first electronic computer is typically considered to be the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), which was completed in 1945. It was developed by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly at the University of Pennsylvania. CO1 What are main characteristics of 1^st^ Generation computer? ANS:Main characteristics of 1st Generation computers (1940s-1950s): **Vacuum Tubes** **Size and Power Consumption** **Limited Programming** **Speed and Storage** **Reliability Issues** CO1 Perform the following conversion: a\) (100101.011)~2~= (?)~10~ b\) (7E5B)~16~ = (?)~10~ c\) (110101)~2~=(?)~8~ d\) (123.25)~10~=(?)~2~ CO1 Which of the following is the correct definition of Computer? a\) Computer is a machine or device that can be programmed to perform arithmetical or logic operation sequences automatically b\) Computer understands only binary language which is written in the form of 0s & 1s c\) Computer is a programmable electronic device that stores, retrieves, and processes the data d\) All of the mentioned ANS: A CO1 What is the full form of CPU? a\) Computer Processing Unit b\) Computer Principle Unit c\) Central Processing Unit d\) Control Processing Unit ANS: C CO1 The brain of any computer system is A\) ALU B) Memory C) CPU D) Control unit ANS: C CO2 What are the 6 Main Components of a Computer? ANS:The 6 Main Components of a Computer are: 1. CPU (Central Processing Unit) 2. Memory (RAM and storage) 3. Motherboard 4. Storage devices (HDD, SSD) 5. Input devices (keyboard, mouse, etc.) 6. Output devices (monitor, printer, etc.) CO1 What are the 3 Components of the CPU? ANS:The 3 Components of the CPU are: 1. ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) 2. Control Unit 3. Registers CO1 How many Bits are in a Single-Byte? ANS:A Single-Byte consists of **8 Bits.** CO2 Which Computer Unit Performs all Mathematical and Logical Functions? ANS:The computer unit that performs all mathematical and logical functions is the **ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit).** CO1 What is the main difference between 1^st^ and 2^nd^ generation computer? ANS:The main difference between 1st and 2nd generation computers is the use of **transistors instead of vacuum tubes** in the 2nd generation, which led to improvements in size, speed, and reliability. CO1 What is micro computer? Laptop is mini or micro computer. ANS:A microcomputer is a small-sized computer, and a laptop is generally considered a **microcomputer.** CO1 Why do Cache and Main Memory lose their Contents when the Power is Off? ANS:Cache and Main Memory lose their contents when the power is off because they are **volatile memory** - the data stored in them requires constant electrical power to maintain its integrity. CO1 Which Technology is used in a CD Drive? ANS:The technology used in a CD Drive is **optical storage technology.** CO1 Which type of Software are MS Excel, MS PowerPoint, and MS Word? ANS:MS Excel, MS PowerPoint, and MS Word are examples of **application software.** Co1 Write the importance of application software. ANS:The importance of application software lies in its ability to provide specific functionality to users, allowing them to perform tasks such as word processing, spreadsheet calculations, and creating presentations. CO1 State the types of application software. ANS:Types of application software include **word processors, spreadsheets, presentation software, graphics software, and database management systems.** CO1 What is the use of super computer? ANS:Supercomputers are used for **complex scientific calculations and simulations**, where immense processing power is required. CO1 What is mainframe computer? ANS:A mainframe computer is a large, powerful computer system used primarily for **large-scale data processing** in organizations and businesses. CO1 **Level B. Intermediate Questions (5 marks each)** What are applications of Computer System? ANS:**Applications of Computer Systems:** 1. **Business and Finance:** Used for accounting, payroll, and financial analysis. 2. **Education:** Aid in learning through educational software and online resources. 3. **Healthcare:** Assist in patient records, diagnostic tools, and medical research. 4. **Communication:** Facilitate email, instant messaging, and social media. 5. **Entertainment:** Provide gaming, multimedia content, and streaming services. 6. **Scientific Research:** Used for simulations, data analysis, and modeling. 7. **Engineering:** Aid in design, simulation, and testing processes. 8. **Government:** Used for record-keeping, data analysis, and public services. 9. **Manufacturing:** Control and monitor industrial processes and automation. 10. **Personal Use:** Everyday tasks, from word processing to web browsing. CO1 Draw an Algorithm to calculate sum of N natural numbers. ANS:Algorithm: CalculateSum Input: N (a positive integer) Output: Sum of first N natural numbers 1\. Initialize sum to 0. 2\. For i from 1 to N: a\. Add i to sum. 3\. Output the sum. CO1 Draw an Algorithm to find out Factorial of given number.. ANS:Algorithm: FindFactorial Input: num (a non-negative integer) Output: Factorial of num 1\. Initialize factorial to 1. 2\. For i from 1 to num: a\. Multiply factorial by i. 3\. Output the factorial. CO1 Draw an Algorithm to find Fibonacci series. ANS:Algorithm: GenerateFibonacci Input: N (number of terms) Output: Fibonacci series 1\. Initialize first and second as 0 and 1 respectively. 2\. For i from 1 to N: a\. Output first. b\. Set temp to sum of first and second. c\. Set first to second. d\. Set second to temp. CO1 Draw a flowchart to find out greatest number among given three numbers. 1. ANS:**Start** 2. Input three numbers: A, B, C 3. Set the current maximum as A 4. Compare A with B - - 5. Compare current maximum with C - - 6. Output the current maximum as the greatest number 7. **End** CO1 Draw a flowchart to check either a given number is even or odd. 1. ANS: **Start** 2. Input the number (let\'s call it \'N\') 3. Divide N by 2 4. Check if the remainder is 0 - - 5. **End** CO1 Differentiate between RAM and ROM? ANS:**Difference Between RAM and ROM:** - **RAM (Random Access Memory):** - - - - - **ROM (Read-Only Memory):** - - - - CO1 Explain block diagram of computer. ANS:**Block Diagram of a Computer:** - **Input Devices -\> CPU (Central Processing Unit) -\> Memory (RAM and ROM) -\> Output Devices** CO2 Differentiate between analog and digital computer. ANS:**Difference Between Analog and Digital Computers:** - **Analog:** - - - - **Digital:** - - - CO1 What is the drawback of Trial and error method? ANS:**Inefficiency:** Trial and error can be time-consuming and impractical, especially when dealing with complex problems. It may require a large number of attempts before finding a solution. CO1 What is Computer? Define characteristics of computer system. ANS:**Computer:** A computer is a programmable electronic device that processes data using instructions stored in its memory. It can perform various tasks, including calculations, data storage, retrieval, and communication. **Characteristics of a Computer System:** 1. **Speed:** Computers can perform tasks at incredible speeds, processing large amounts of data in a fraction of a second. 2. **Accuracy:** They provide accurate and precise results, eliminating human errors associated with manual calculations. 3. **Storage Capacity:** Computers can store vast amounts of data in different types of memory. 4. **Automation:** They can perform tasks automatically based on pre-defined instructions, reducing human intervention. 5. **Versatility:** Computers can be programmed to perform a wide range of tasks, making them versatile in various applications. 6. **Diligence:** They can execute repetitive tasks without fatigue or loss of accuracy. 7. **Reliability:** When properly maintained, computers are reliable and consistent in their performance. CO2 What is an algorithm? Draw an Algorithm to calculate sum of N natural numbers. ANS:An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or set of rules designed to solve a specific problem or perform a particular task. It serves as a blueprint for solving a problem and can be implemented in programming languages. Algorithm: CalculateSum Input: N (a positive integer) Output: Sum of first N natural numbers 1\. Initialize sum to 0. 2\. For i from 1 to N: a\. Add i to sum. 3\. Output the sum. CO1 What do you mean by computer Generation? Explain with suitable example. ANS:Computer generation refers to the different phases in the evolution of computers. Each generation is characterized by advancements in hardware and technology. For example: - **1st Generation (1940s-1950s):** Vacuum tubes (e.g., ENIAC). - **2nd Generation (1950s-1960s):** Transistors (e.g., IBM 1401). - **3rd Generation (1960s-1970s):** Integrated circuits (e.g., IBM System/360). - **4th Generation (1970s-1980s):** Microprocessors (e.g., Intel 4004). - **5th Generation (1980s-Present):** AI, parallel processing. CO1 What do you mean by problem solving technique? Differentiate between Brain Storming and Divide and Conquer method. ANS:Problem-solving techniques involve methods used to find solutions to complex issues. Two contrasting approaches are: - **Brainstorming:** A creative and collaborative method to generate ideas by group discussion. - **Divide and Conquer:** Breaking down a problem into smaller, more manageable parts and solving them individually. CO1 Explain classification of computer system. ANS:Computers can be classified based on size, functionality, and purpose. Common classifications include: - **Supercomputers:** High-performance for complex calculations. - **Mainframes:** Large-scale data processing in organizations. - **Minicomputers:** Mid-sized, used for specific tasks. - **Microcomputers:** Personal computers, laptops, and workstations. CO1 Define flowchart and its uses. Draw a flowchart to find the sum of first 50 natural numbers. ANS: A flowchart is a visual representation of a process or algorithm using various symbols to illustrate different steps, decision points, and the flow of data or control in a system. It is a powerful tool for analyzing and designing processes, making it easier to understand complex procedures. **Uses of Flowchart:** 1. **Process Documentation:** Clearly illustrates the steps in a process. 2. **Problem Solving:** Helps identify issues and find solutions. 3. **System Analysis:** Visualizes system components and their interactions. 4. **Program Design:** Maps out the logic of a program before coding. 5. **Communication:** Communicates complex processes to a diverse audience. 6. **Decision Making:** Aids in decision-making processes. **Flowchart to Find the Sum of First 50 Natural Numbers:** Here\'s a textual representation of the flowchart: 1. **Start** 2. Initialize variables: **sum** to 0, **counter** to 1 3. **Loop:** - - - - 4. Output the value of **sum** 5. **End** CO1 SoCSE ===== +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Level A. Easy | | | | Questions (2 marks | | | | each)** | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | **Questions** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What are Impact and | | | | Nonimpact printer. | | | | | | | | ANS: **Impact | | | | Printer:** An impact | | | | printer uses a | | | | mechanism that | | | | physically strikes an | | | | inked ribbon against | | | | paper to produce text | | | | or images. Examples | | | | include dot matrix | | | | printers and daisy | | | | wheel printers. | | | | | | | | **Nonimpact | | | | Printer:** A | | | | nonimpact printer, in | | | | contrast, does not | | | | involve a striking | | | | mechanism. Instead, | | | | it typically uses | | | | technologies like | | | | laser, inkjet, or | | | | thermal methods to | | | | produce output. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Define Impact | | | | printer. | | | | | | | | ANS: [ ] | | | | **Impact Printer:** | | | | An impact printer | | | | uses a mechanism that | | | | physically strikes an | | | | inked ribbon against | | | | paper to produce text | | | | or images. Examples | | | | include dot matrix | | | | printers and daisy | | | | wheel printers. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is an input | | | | device? | | | | | | | | ANS: An input device | | | | is a hardware | | | | component that allows | | | | users to enter data | | | | or commands into a | | | | computer system. | | | | Examples include | | | | keyboards, mice, | | | | scanners, and | | | | joysticks. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Discuss role of input | | | | devices in computer | | | | system. | | | | | | | | ANS: nput devices | | | | play a crucial role | | | | in facilitating | | | | communication between | | | | users and computers. | | | | They enable users to | | | | provide instructions, | | | | enter data, and | | | | interact with the | | | | computer system. The | | | | information entered | | | | through input devices | | | | serves as input for | | | | processing and | | | | further operations. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What Type of Devices | | | | are Keyboard, Mouse, | | | | and Joystick? | | | | | | | | - ANS: | | | | **Keyboard:** | | | | Input device for | | | | entering text and | | | | commands. | | | | | | | | - **Mouse:** | | | | Pointing device | | | | used to navigate | | | | and interact with | | | | graphical | | | | interfaces. | | | | | | | | - **Joystick:** | | | | Input device | | | | often used for | | | | gaming and | | | | controlling | | | | on-screen | | | | movement. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Define any 5 input | | | | and output devices. | | | | | | | | 1. ANS: Keyboard | | | | | | | | 2. Mouse | | | | | | | | 3. Scanner | | | | | | | | 4. Joystick | | | | | | | | 5. Touchscreen | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What are output | | | | device. | | | | | | | | ANS: An output device | | | | is a hardware | | | | component that | | | | presents information | | | | or results from a | | | | computer to the user. | | | | Common examples | | | | include monitors, | | | | printers, and | | | | speakers. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Discuss role of | | | | output devices in | | | | computer system. | | | | | | | | ANS: Output devices | | | | convey the processed | | | | information from the | | | | computer to the user. | | | | They make the results | | | | of computations, data | | | | analysis, or other | | | | operations accessible | | | | in a human-readable | | | | form. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | State any three | | | | pointing devices in | | | | computer system. | | | | | | | | 1. ANS: Mouse | | | | | | | | 2. Trackball | | | | | | | | 3. Touchpad | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | State the role of | | | | plotter. | | | | | | | | ANS: A plotter is a | | | | specialized output | | | | device used to | | | | produce high-quality, | | | | large-scale graphics. | | | | It is commonly | | | | employed in | | | | engineering and | | | | design applications | | | | to create detailed | | | | drawings. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | How many types of | | | | plotters are | | | | available? | | | | | | | | 1. ANS: **Flatbed | | | | Plotter:** A type | | | | of plotter where | | | | the paper remains | | | | stationary, and | | | | the plotting head | | | | moves. | | | | | | | | 2. **Drum Plotter:** | | | | Uses a drum to | | | | rotate the paper, | | | | providing precise | | | | control over | | | | plotting. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is the use of | | | | joystick? | | | | | | | | ANS: Joysticks are | | | | often used as input | | | | devices for gaming | | | | and simulations. They | | | | provide a means for | | | | users to control | | | | on-screen movement or | | | | manipulate objects in | | | | a virtual | | | | environment. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | State the function of | | | | scanner. | | | | | | | | ANS: A scanner is an | | | | input device used to | | | | convert physical | | | | documents or images | | | | into digital format. | | | | It captures the | | | | visual information | | | | and stores it as a | | | | digital file. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Scanner is an input | | | | device or output | | | | device? | | | | | | | | ANS: A scanner is | | | | primarily considered | | | | an **input device** | | | | as it takes physical | | | | documents or images | | | | and inputs them into | | | | the computer for | | | | processing. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is flat bed | | | | plotter? | | | | | | | | ANS: A flatbed | | | | plotter is a type of | | | | plotter where the | | | | paper or drawing | | | | medium remains | | | | stationary while the | | | | plotting head moves | | | | to create precise | | | | drawings or graphics. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is drum plotter? | | | | | | | | ANS: A drum plotter | | | | uses a drum to rotate | | | | the paper, providing | | | | accurate control over | | | | the plotting process. | | | | The paper is wrapped | | | | around the drum, and | | | | the plotting head | | | | moves linearly. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | State voice | | | | recognition devices. | | | | | | | | ANS: Voice | | | | recognition devices, | | | | also known as speech | | | | recognition devices, | | | | convert spoken | | | | language into text or | | | | commands. Examples | | | | include voice | | | | assistants like Siri | | | | or Alexa. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | How voice recognition | | | | devices work? | | | | | | | | ANS: Voice | | | | recognition devices | | | | use sophisticated | | | | algorithms to analyze | | | | and interpret spoken | | | | words. They convert | | | | audio signals into | | | | text, allowing users | | | | to interact with | | | | computers or devices | | | | using voice commands. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is trackball? | | | | | | | | ANS: A trackball is a | | | | pointing device that | | | | consists of a ball | | | | housed in a socket. | | | | Users rotate the ball | | | | with their fingers to | | | | move the cursor on | | | | the screen. It\'s an | | | | alternative to a | | | | mouse. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | State the use of | | | | speakers. | | | | | | | | ANS: Speakers are | | | | output devices that | | | | produce sound. They | | | | are used to play | | | | audio, including | | | | music, system sounds, | | | | and multimedia | | | | content, enhancing | | | | the overall user | | | | experience. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Differentiate between | | | | impact and non impact | | | | printer? | | | | | | | | ANS: **Difference | | | | Between Impact and | | | | Non-impact | | | | Printers:** | | | | | | | | **Impact Printer:** | | | | | | | | 1. **Mechanism:** | | | | Uses a striking | | | | mechanism (e.g., | | | | pins or a wheel) | | | | to physically hit | | | | an inked ribbon | | | | against paper. | | | | | | | | 2. **Examples:** Dot | | | | matrix printers, | | | | daisy wheel | | | | printers. | | | | | | | | 3. **Noise:** | | | | Generally noisy | | | | due to the impact | | | | of the printing | | | | mechanism. | | | | | | | | 4. **Quality:** | | | | Lower print | | | | quality compared | | | | to non-impact | | | | printers. | | | | | | | | 5. **Speed:** Slower | | | | compared to | | | | non-impact | | | | printers. | | | | | | | | 6. **Durability:** | | | | Impact on paper | | | | may cause wear | | | | and tear over | | | | time. | | | | | | | | **Non-impact | | | | Printer:** | | | | | | | | 1. **Mechanism:** | | | | Does not involve | | | | a striking | | | | mechanism; | | | | commonly uses | | | | technologies like | | | | laser, inkjet, or | | | | thermal methods. | | | | | | | | 2. **Examples:** | | | | Laser printers, | | | | inkjet printers. | | | | | | | | 3. **Noise:** | | | | Generally quieter | | | | than impact | | | | printers. | | | | | | | | 4. **Quality:** | | | | Higher print | | | | quality, suitable | | | | for text and | | | | graphics. | | | | | | | | 5. **Speed:** Faster | | | | compared to | | | | impact printers. | | | | | | | | 6. **Durability:** | | | | Less wear and | | | | tear due to | | | | absence of | | | | physical impact. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Discuss role of | | | | vision input devices. | | | | | | | | ANS: Vision input | | | | devices, such as | | | | cameras and webcams, | | | | capture visual | | | | information and input | | | | it into the computer | | | | system. They play a | | | | vital role in | | | | applications like | | | | video conferencing, | | | | image processing, and | | | | computer vision. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is use of mouse | | | | in computer system? | | | | Discuss use of | | | | buttons. | | | | | | | | ANS: A mouse is a | | | | pointing device used | | | | to interact with a | | | | computer. It controls | | | | the movement of the | | | | cursor on the screen | | | | and facilitates user | | | | input. The mouse | | | | typically has buttons | | | | that serve various | | | | functions, including: | | | | | | | | 1. **Left Button:** | | | | Primary click for | | | | selections and | | | | actions. | | | | | | | | 2. **Right Button:** | | | | Contextual menu | | | | and secondary | | | | actions. | | | | | | | | 3. **Scroll Wheel:** | | | | Navigating | | | | through documents | | | | or web pages. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What are pointing | | | | devices? Define any | | | | three. | | | | | | | | ANS: Pointing devices | | | | are input devices | | | | that allow users to | | | | control the movement | | | | of a cursor or | | | | pointer on the | | | | screen. Three | | | | examples are: | | | | | | | | 1. **Mouse** | | | | | | | | 2. **Trackball** | | | | | | | | 3. **Touchpad** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is the monitor? | | | | Also discuss drawback | | | | of this? | | | | | | | | ANS: A monitor is an | | | | output device that | | | | displays visual | | | | information from the | | | | computer. Drawbacks | | | | include: | | | | | | | | - **Eye Strain:** | | | | Prolonged use can | | | | lead to eye | | | | strain or | | | | discomfort. | | | | | | | | - **Limited Viewing | | | | Angles:** Some | | | | monitors have | | | | limited viewing | | | | angles, affecting | | | | visibility. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Define impact | | | | printer. Why they are | | | | too slow? | | | | | | | | ANS: An impact | | | | printer is a type of | | | | printer that uses a | | | | physical impact to | | | | produce text or | | | | images on paper. | | | | Examples include dot | | | | matrix and daisy | | | | wheel printers. They | | | | are relatively slow | | | | due to the mechanical | | | | movement of their | | | | impact mechanisms. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Differentiate between | | | | inkjet and laser | | | | printer. | | | | | | | | ANS: **Difference | | | | Between Inkjet and | | | | Laser Printer:** | | | | | | | | - **Inkjet | | | | Printer:** | | | | | | | | - - - - | | | | | | | | - **Laser | | | | Printer:** | | | | | | | | - - - - | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is the | | | | difference between | | | | flat-bed and drum | | | | plotter? | | | | | | | | ANS: **Flat-bed vs. | | | | Drum Plotter:** | | | | | | | | - **Flat-bed | | | | Plotter:** | | | | | | | | - - - | | | | | | | | - **Drum Plotter:** | | | | | | | | - - - | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Differentiate between | | | | printer and plotter. | | | | | | | | ANS: **Difference | | | | Between Printer and | | | | Plotter:** | | | | | | | | - **Printer:** | | | | | | | | - - - | | | | | | | | - **Plotter:** | | | | | | | | - - - | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Discuss any two | | | | impact printer. | | | | | | | | ANS: **Two Impact | | | | Printers:** | | | | | | | | 1. **Dot Matrix | | | | Printer:** Uses a | | | | matrix of pins to | | | | strike an inked | | | | ribbon, forming | | | | characters and | | | | images. | | | | | | | | 2. **Daisy Wheel | | | | Printer:** | | | | Utilizes a | | | | rotating disk | | | | with characters | | | | or symbols, and a | | | | print head | | | | strikes the | | | | desired character | | | | against the | | | | paper. | | | | | | | | Top of Form | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is printer? | | | | Discuss different | | | | types of printer. | | | | | | | | ANS: A printer is an | | | | output device that | | | | produces a hard copy | | | | (physical | | | | representation) of | | | | electronic or digital | | | | data stored in a | | | | computer. Different | | | | types of printers | | | | include: | | | | | | | | 1. **Inkjet | | | | Printer:** Sprays | | | | tiny droplets of | | | | ink onto paper, | | | | suitable for | | | | high-quality | | | | photo printing. | | | | | | | | 2. **Laser | | | | Printer:** Uses | | | | toner and a laser | | | | to create | | | | electrostatic | | | | images on paper, | | | | ideal for text | | | | documents. | | | | | | | | 3. **Dot Matrix | | | | Printer:** | | | | Utilizes a matrix | | | | of pins to strike | | | | an inked ribbon, | | | | forming | | | | characters and | | | | images. | | | | | | | | 4. **Daisy Wheel | | | | Printer:** Uses a | | | | rotating disk | | | | with characters | | | | or symbols, | | | | striking against | | | | the paper. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is voice | | | | recognition? Explain | | | | with some example. | | | | | | | | ANS: Voice | | | | recognition, or | | | | speech recognition, | | | | is a technology that | | | | converts spoken | | | | language into text or | | | | commands. Examples | | | | include virtual | | | | assistants like Siri | | | | or voice-to-text | | | | features on | | | | smartphones. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Discuss role of | | | | Input/ Output devices | | | | in computer system | | | | with suitable | | | | example. | | | | | | | | ANS: **Role of | | | | Input/Output Devices | | | | in Computer System:** | | | | Input devices | | | | facilitate data entry | | | | into the computer | | | | system, while output | | | | devices present | | | | information to the | | | | user. For example, a | | | | keyboard (input) | | | | allows users to type | | | | text, and a monitor | | | | (output) displays the | | | | resulting | | | | information. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Which devices use for | | | | graphical | | | | representation? | | | | Explain types of | | | | Graphical | | | | representation | | | | devices. | | | | | | | | ANS: **Graphical | | | | Representation | | | | Devices:** Devices | | | | used for graphical | | | | representation | | | | include: | | | | | | | | 1. **Graphics | | | | Cards:** Enhance | | | | the display of | | | | images and videos | | | | on a monitor. | | | | | | | | 2. **Printers:** | | | | Produce hard | | | | copies of | | | | graphical | | | | content. | | | | | | | | 3. **Plotters:** | | | | Create | | | | large-scale, | | | | precise graphical | | | | drawings. | | | | | | | | 4. **Scanners:** | | | | Convert physical | | | | images or | | | | drawings into | | | | digital format. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | **Write a short note | | | | on the following:** | | | | | | | | - **Joystick** | | | | | | | | - **Trackball** | | | | | | | | - **Touch screen** | | | | | | | | - **Vision input | | | | system** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - **Joystick:** A | | | | joystick is an | | | | input device | | | | often used for | | | | gaming. It allows | | | | users to control | | | | on-screen | | | | movement or | | | | manipulate | | | | objects in a | | | | virtual | | | | environment by | | | | tilting or | | | | rotating the | | | | stick. | | | | | | | | - **Trackball:** A | | | | trackball is a | | | | pointing device | | | | with a ball | | | | housed in a | | | | socket. Users | | | | rotate the ball | | | | with their | | | | fingers to move | | | | the cursor on the | | | | screen, providing | | | | an alternative to | | | | a mouse. | | | | | | | | - **Touch Screen:** | | | | A touch screen is | | | | an input device | | | | that allows users | | | | to interact with | | | | a computer or | | | | device by | | | | directly touching | | | | the display. It | | | | is commonly used | | | | in smartphones | | | | and tablets. | | | | | | | | - **Vision Input | | | | System:** Vision | | | | input systems, | | | | like cameras or | | | | webcams, capture | | | | visual | | | | information and | | | | input it into the | | | | computer system. | | | | They are used in | | | | applications such | | | | as video | | | | conferencing and | | | | image processing. | | | | | | | | **ANS:** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is plotter? | | | | Explain flat-bed and | | | | drum plotter | | | | | | | | ANS: A plotter is a | | | | specialized output | | | | device used for | | | | producing | | | | large-scale, | | | | high-precision | | | | graphical drawings or | | | | images. There are two | | | | main types: | | | | | | | | 1. **Flat-Bed | | | | Plotter:** Paper | | | | or drawing medium | | | | remains | | | | stationary, and | | | | the plotting head | | | | moves on two | | | | axes. | | | | | | | | 2. **Drum Plotter:** | | | | Uses a rotating | | | | drum to move the | | | | paper, providing | | | | precise control | | | | over plotting. | | | | The paper is | | | | wrapped around | | | | the drum, and the | | | | plotting head | | | | moves linearly. | | | | | | | | Top of Form | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ SoCSE ===== +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | **Level A. Easy | | | | Questions (2 marks | | | | each)** | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | **Questions** | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | 1. Components that | | | | provide internal | | | | storage to the | | | | CPU are | | | | \_\_\_\_\_\_\ | | | | a) Registers\ | | | | b) Program | | | | Counters\ | | | | c) Controllers\ | | | | d) Internal chips | | | | | | | | ANS: A) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | A nonvolatile type of | | | | memory that can be | | | | programmed and erased | | | | in sectors, rather | | | | than one byte at a | | | | time is: | | | | | | | | Flash memory | | | | | | | | 1. MPROM | | | | | | | | 2. EPROM | | | | | | | | 3. EEPROM | | | | | | | | 4. None of the above | | | | | | | | ANS:A) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Memory that loses its | | | | contents when power | | | | is lost is: | | | | | | | | 1. Random | | | | | | | | 2. Volatile | | | | | | | | 3. Nonvolatile | | | | | | | | 4. Static | | | | | | | | 5. None of the above | | | | | | | | ANS: 2) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is meant by the | | | | term RAM? | | | | | | | | 1. Memory which only | | | | be read | | | | | | | | 2. Memory which both | | | | read and written | | | | | | | | 3. Memory which is | | | | used for | | | | permanent storage | | | | | | | | 4. Memory which can | | | | only be written | | | | None of these | | | | | | | | AS: 2) | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Write the full form | | | | of abbreviation given | | | | below: | | | | | | | | 1. PROM | | | | | | | | 2. EEPROM | | | | | | | | 3. HDD | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1. ANS: PROM - | | | | Programmable | | | | Read-Only Memory | | | | | | | | 2. EEPROM - | | | | Electrically | | | | Erasable | | | | Programmable | | | | Read-Only Memory | | | | | | | | 3. HDD - Hard Disk | | | | Drive | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Which storage is | | | | faster primary or | | | | secondary? | | | | | | | | ANS: Primary storage | | | | (like RAM) is faster | | | | than secondary | | | | storage (like hard | | | | drives). | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Why secondary memory | | | | is cheaper than | | | | primary memory? | | | | | | | | ANS: Secondary memory | | | | is cheaper because it | | | | provides larger | | | | storage capacity but | | | | is slower compared to | | | | the faster but more | | | | expensive primary | | | | memory. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Why is RAM used | | | | instead of secondary | | | | storage? | | | | | | | | ANS: RAM is used for | | | | faster access to data | | | | that the CPU is | | | | actively using, while | | | | secondary storage, | | | | like hard drives, is | | | | used for long-term | | | | storage due to its | | | | larger capacity but | | | | slower speed. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is the most | | | | useful secondary | | | | storage device? | | | | | | | | ANS: Hard Disk Drives | | | | (HDDs) are commonly | | | | considered the most | | | | useful secondary | | | | storage devices due | | | | to their high storage | | | | capacity and | | | | relatively low cost. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is the best | | | | secondary storage | | | | device? | | | | | | | | ANS: The \"best\" | | | | secondary storage | | | | device depends on | | | | specific needs. Solid | | | | State Drives (SSDs) | | | | are faster than HDDs | | | | but can be more | | | | expensive. HDDs offer | | | | high capacity at a | | | | lower cost. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Why is primary | | | | storage needed? | | | | | | | | ANS: Primary storage, | | | | such as RAM, is | | | | needed for quick | | | | access to data that | | | | the CPU is actively | | | | using during | | | | processing. It | | | | provides faster data | | | | retrieval compared to | | | | secondary storage. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Which type of storage | | | | has fastest data? | | | | | | | | ANS: Among primary | | | | and secondary | | | | storage, primary | | | | storage (RAM) has the | | | | fastest data access. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Is secondary storage | | | | larger than main | | | | memory? | | | | | | | | ANS: Yes, secondary | | | | storage is typically | | | | larger than main | | | | memory (RAM). | | | | Secondary storage | | | | devices, like hard | | | | drives or SSDs, | | | | provide more | | | | extensive storage | | | | capacity for | | | | long-term data | | | | storage. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Is primary storage | | | | volatile? | | | | | | | | ANS: Yes, primary | | | | storage, particularly | | | | RAM, is volatile. It | | | | loses its contents | | | | when power is turned | | | | off. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Is ROM primary or | | | | secondary memory? | | | | | | | | ANS: ROM (Read-Only | | | | Memory) is considered | | | | a type of | | | | non-volatile primary | | | | memory. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Which type of memory | | | | is RAM? | | | | | | | | ANS: RAM stands for | | | | Random Access Memory, | | | | and it is a type of | | | | volatile primary | | | | memory that is both | | | | readable and | | | | writable. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is ROM used for? | | | | | | | | ANS: ROM is used for | | | | storing permanent or | | | | semi-permanent data | | | | and instructions that | | | | should not be | | | | modified. It often | | | | contains the firmware | | | | or BIOS of a | | | | computer. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What are 3 types of | | | | ROM? | | | | | | | | 1. ANS: PROM - | | | | Programmable | | | | Read-Only Memory | | | | | | | | 2. EPROM - Erasable | | | | Programmable | | | | Read-Only Memory | | | | | | | | 3. EEPROM - | | | | Electrically | | | | Erasable | | | | Programmable | | | | Read-Only Memory | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is the basic | | | | unit of storage? | | | | | | | | ANS: The basic unit | | | | of storage is a bit, | | | | which can represent | | | | either a 0 or a 1. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Why ROM is called | | | | non-volatile memory? | | | | | | | | ANS: ROM is called | | | | non-volatile because | | | | it retains its | | | | contents even when | | | | power is turned off, | | | | unlike volatile | | | | memory such as RAM. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Differentiate between | | | | RAM and ROM. | | | | | | | | - ANS: RAM (Random | | | | Access Memory) is | | | | volatile memory | | | | that is used for | | | | temporary storage | | | | of data that the | | | | CPU is actively | | | | using. | | | | | | | | - ROM (Read-Only | | | | Memory) is | | | | non-volatile | | | | memory that | | | | contains | | | | permanent or | | | | semi-permanent | | | | data and | | | | instructions that | | | | should not be | | | | modified. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | Why primary memory is | | | | faster than secondary | | | | memory? | | | | | | | | ANS: Primary memory, | | | | like RAM, is faster | | | | than secondary memory | | | | (e.g., hard drives) | | | | because it provides | | | | quick access to data | | | | that the CPU is | | | | actively using. It | | | | has faster read and | | | | write speeds compared | | | | to the larger but | | | | slower secondary | | | | storage devices. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is the | | | | difference between | | | | primary and secondary | | | | storage devices? | | | | | | | | - ANS: Primary | | | | storage devices | | | | (e.g., RAM) | | | | provide fast | | | | access to data | | | | actively used by | | | | the CPU but have | | | | limited capacity. | | | | | | | | - Secondary storage | | | | devices (e.g., | | | | hard drives) | | | | offer larger | | | | storage capacity | | | | for long-term | | | | data storage but | | | | are slower than | | | | primary storage. | | +-----------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------+ | | What is FDD hard | | | | drive? | | | | | | | | ANS: FDD typically | | | | stands for Floppy | | | | Disk Drive, not | | | | associated with hard | | | | drives. A hard drive | | | | is commonly referred | | | | to as HDD (Hard Disk | | | | Drive). |