Language Used in Academic Texts PDF

**Lesson 1 \| Fact Sheet 1** **Language Used in Academic Texts from Various Disciplines** **Language** - **a system of communication, which consists of a set of sounds and written symbols that are used by the people of a particular country or region for talking or writing (Collins, 2020...

**Lesson 1 \| Fact Sheet 1** **Language Used in Academic Texts from Various Disciplines** **Language** - **a system of communication, which consists of a set of sounds and written symbols that are used by the people of a particular country or region for talking or writing (Collins, 2020)** - **a systematic means of communicating ideas or feelings by the use of conventionalized signs, sounds, gestures, or marks having understood meanings** **Ex. *the language of mathematics* (Merriam-Webster, 2020)** **Contents of Academic Texts from various Disciplines** **Academic Language** - **represents the language demands of school (academics)** - **includes language used in textbooks, in classrooms, on tests, and in each subject** - **different in vocabulary and structure from the everyday spoken English of social interactions** **Academic Vocabulary** - **words used in all academic disciplines to teach about the content of the discipline, e.g., a water table is different from a periodic elements table** **-technical words used in different subjects/fields** **Academic Structure** - **includes the established ways of organizing writing in a discipline** - **different genres, paragraph/sentence structure, level of text difficulty, purpose, intended audience, overall organization, and knowledge of outside resources for the text all affect how one writes and reads in that discipline** **Language Used in Academic Texts from various Disciplines** **MATHEMATICS TEXTS** - **use symbols in place of words (ex. (+) for addition; (-) for subtraction, etc.)** - **use letters with special meanings such as "x", "y" and "z" which stand for variables or unknown** - **use numbers and formulas** - **use ordinary language but with different meaning ex. the word "is" *(it's not used as a verb)*** ***Ex. 3 is the square root of 9*** ***5 is a prime number*** **BUSINESS TEXTS** - **with special jargon(language) such as remit, interest, stocks, company car, price list, etc.** - **business letters, memo, minutes of the meeting, salutation, complementary close, etc.** - **consider politeness in business communication** **ex. Could you please\...** **We are extremely sorry...** **SOCIAL SCIENCE TEXTS** - **[Political Science-] deals with systems of governance, and the analysis of political activities, political thoughts and political behavior (communism, monarchy, and executive branch)** - **[Economics] -concerned with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services (market, profit, equity and trade relations)** - **[Sociology] -study of social behavior or society, including its origins, development, organization, networks, and institution (migration, social class, discrimination)** **NATURAL SCIENCE TEXTS** - **involve physics, chemistry, biology** - **use technical terms and chemical symbols/formulas (H~2~O, NaCl )** **Sample terms: *power, pressure, force, work, momentum*** **LITERATURE AND ARTS TEXTS** - **use connotative language (symbolism; other meaning not the literal one) and figures of speech** - **create images and impressions** - **with style**