Q1-L3-Transport-of-Materials.pdf

8 Biotechnology Quarter 1– Module 3 Cell Functions: Transport of Materials SA ERTY LE P O...

8 Biotechnology Quarter 1– Module 3 Cell Functions: Transport of Materials SA ERTY LE P O PR T EN R M RN FO VE O T G O N Biotechnology – Grade 8 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1: Cell Functions: Transport of Materials First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education - Region III Secretary : Leonor M. Briones Undersecretary : Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Author: Amy L. Saguin Language Reviewer: Maricris S. Arceo Content Editor: Emma A. De Jesus Illustrator: Amy L. Saguin Layout Artist: Amy L. Saguin Management Team Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr., EdD Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division Rainelda M. Blanco, PhD Education Program Supervisor - LRMDS Agnes R. Bernardo, PhD EPS-Division ADM Coordinator Glenda S. Constantino Project Development Officer II Marinella P. Garcia Sy, PhD EPS – Science Joannarie C. Gracia Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan Curriculum Implementation Division Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS) Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan Email address: [email protected]  8 Biotechnology Quarter 1– Module 3 Cell Functions: Transport of Materials  Introductory Message For the facilitator: Welcome to Biotechnology STE 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Cell Functions: Transport of Materials This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator, in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners. As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. For the learner: Welcome to Biotechnology STE 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Cell Functions: Transport of Materials This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This will give you an idea of the skills or What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the module. This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If What I Know you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. 1  This is a brief drill or review to help you link the What’s In current lesson with the previous one. In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to What’s New you in various ways; a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation. This section provides a brief discussion of the What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills. This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. What’s More You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. This includes questions or blank sentence/ What I Have Learned paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson. This section provides an activity which will help you What I Can Do transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns. This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of Assessment mastery in achieving the learning competency. In this portion, another activity will be given to you to Additional Activities enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module. At the end of this module you will also find: References - This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it! 2  What I Need to Know This module encourages you to learn how to explain the different cell functions and transport of materials in and out of the cells and the factors that affect it. Various activities such as simple experiments are provided for you to perform to strengthen your knowledge and skills regarding the topic. At the end of the module you are expected to: 1. explain the different cell functions and transport of materials in and out of the cells; 2. identify the different mechanisms involved in cellular transport: 3. demonstrate the effect of cellular mechanisms within the cell; and 4. develop appreciation of plants and its importance to man. What I Know Direction. Read each question carefully and choose the best answer that completes the sentence. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. ______1. These are mechanisms that require energy to transport molecules into the cell. A. active transport C. facilitated diffusion B. diffusion D. osmosis ______2. What will happen if red blood cells are placed in a solution of 0.6% sodium chlo- ride? A. change shape C. swell and burst B. shrink D. no change ______3. Which of the following prevents the plant cell from swelling after an intake of too much water? A. cell walls C. vacuoles B. plastids D. vesicles ______4. It involves in the transport of oxygen from lungs to the bloodstream. A. diffusion C. phagocytosis 3 ______5. Cell in plant roots absorbs nutrients from the soil through ______________ A. active transport C. osmosis B. facilitated diffusion D. passive transport ______6. The _______________ are structural adaptations of freshwater fish which enable them to live in a hypotonic environment. A. gills and fins C. lungs and kidney B. gills and kidney D. mouth and fins ______7. A cell’s internal environment must be kept within limits that the cell can tolerate. Such state is called ____________. A. diffusion C. osmoregulation B. homeostasis D. osmosis ______8. Which of the processes enables the kidney cells of frogs to take in fluids from their environment? A. diffusion C. pinocytosis B. phagocytosis D. osmosis ______9. What is the average percentage of glucose isotonic to human? A. 0.9% C. 3% B. 1.5% D. 5% ______10. It is the transport that involves in the removal of excess cholesterol from the blood by liver cells. A. endocytosis C. phagocytosis B. pinocytosis D. receptor-mediated endocytosis ______11. Sodium potassium pump is an example of _____________ A. active transport C. facilitated diffusion B. bulk transport D. passive transport ______12. It is the movement of substances through membranes without using energy. A. active transport C. passive transport B. homeostasis D. membrane ______13. It is a vesicle which contains enzymes that will break digest the engulfed particles before released into the cytoplasm. A. lysosome C. nucleus B. mitochondria D. ribosome 4 ______14. Osmosis is the movement of ___________ across a membrane. A. energy C. oxygen B. food D. water ______ 15. What will happen if a cell is in hypotonic solution? A. swell C. stay the same B. shrink D. impossible to tell What’s In Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will distract you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully enjoy the activi- ties and topics. Have fun! Visual Thinking Approach: Who Am I? Directions: Let us check what you have learned about the last module. Are you ready? All you have to do is to analyze the parts of the cell based on the diagram and its sentence 1. I am a semi-permeable protec- 2. I am the brain of the cell. I control tive layer of the cell. I control the and directs all the activities inside of movement of particles in and out it. I contain all the genetic materials of the cell. of the cell. Who Am I? ___________________ Who Am I? ___________________ 3. I am the “Power house” of the cell. 4. I am made up of long, continuous I am responsible in producing energy tubes or channels. Some mem- known as ATP as the main energy branes are rough because dot like use by the cell. structures are associated with them Who Am I? ___________________ Who Am I? ___________________ 5  5. I can be found floating freely or 6. I am an organelles that contains attached in E.R. My body con- enzymes which digest food, sist of RNA and proteins. destroy bacteria, recycle damaged organelles, and help in embryonic development.. Who Am I? ___________________ Who Am I? ___________________ What’s New Directions. Below is a list of words which are related to the lesson. Look for these words and encircle them. Words may appear straight across, backward straight across, up and down, down and up, and diagonally. Are you excited now? You have five (5) minutes to answer this. Write your answer on the space provided. Go! P H A G O C Y T O S I S S P I N O C Y T O S I S I N C K P M Z Q A L S H S C O L P E S D H J I Y A I S I O M S O E B S P T N F Q S G E R T S O E S O G E H U T H A V T R O T U T R W F J D E Y T E O N Y I R C F D N C O M S M M N U R F I S O N O I K I K V H E S D X I H Y P O T O N I C G E C Diffusion Homeostasis Hypotonic Osmosis Pinocytosis Exocytosis Hypertonic Isotonic Phagocytosis Shrink 6  What is It Movement of Materials The plasma membrane, also known as cell membrane is the boundary that sepa- rates the living cell from its surroundings. It is a semipermeable membrane that allows only certain substances to pass through it (Figure 1). For the plasma membrane to remain alive materials like oxygen, ions, mineral salts and other nutritive elements must move inside the cell. At the same time excess water, insoluble particles and waste products must move out. The movement of these materials maintains the state of balance called Homeostasis. Transport of molecules across the plasma membrane may require energy (active transport) or may not require energy (passive transport). Figure 1. Plasma membrane A. Passive Transport It is the movement of substances through membranes without using energy. Passive transport depends on the permeability of the cell membrane Three Kinds of Passive Transport: 1. Diffusion 2. Osmosis 3. Facilitated Diffusion 7 1. Diffusion Water and small molecules pass through the cell membrane by a process called diffusion. It is the net movement or spontaneous spreading of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration (figure 2). The difference between the concentration of a particular molecule in one area and the concentration of molecule in an adjacent area is called concentration gradient. The following are the factors that affect the rate of diffusion: Size of diffusing molecules (smaller molecules diffuse faster) Weight of diffusing substance (light molecules travel faster than heavy particles) Structure and composition of cell membrane (it only allows hydrophobic mole- cules such as O2 and CO2) Concentration gradient (greater concentration more diffusion takes place) Temperature (rate of diffusion increases as temperature increases) External force (electricity and pressure have strong effects on diffusion) High concentration Low concentration Figure 2.Diffusion 2. Osmosis The movement of water molecules is across a differentially permeable membrane. It is through osmosis that water becomes available to an organism. It occurs when there is a concentration gradient across the membrane. A solution with more solute particles dissolved contains fewer water molecules than a solution of same volume but fewer solutes (figure 3). Depending on the concentration gradient across the membrane, the cell may be hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic. A. Hypertonic– the cellular environment has greater solute than inside the cell. Water diffuses out as a result, the cell shrink in animal cell while plant cell burst. The busting of the cell is called cytolysis or plasmolysis (figure 3). 8  Nucleus H2O Cell membrane Cell wall animal cell shrivels plant cell undergoes plasmolysis Figure 3. Effect of hypertonic environment solution in animal and plant cell B. Hypotonic– the cellular environment has lower concentration of solutes inside of the cell. Water flows inside the cell, causing the cell to swell. In animal cells excessive osmosis causes the cell to burst and die. The bursting is called cytolysis or plasmoly- sis. (figure 4). Example: Placing kangkong stems in water will make it firm and crisp be- cause water flows into the cell. The build up of water pressure inside the plant is called turgor pressure. H2O H2O animal cell lysed plant cell is turgid Figure 4. Effect of hypotonic environment solution in animal and plant cell C. Isotonic– The concentration of solutes inside the cell is equal to the concentra- tion of solutes outside the cell. Water molecules move at the same rate (figure 5). Figure 5. Normal cell in isotonic solution 9 3. Facilitated diffusion Water soluble molecules and ions cannot diffuse through the bilateral layer of plasma membrane. It is transported with the help of some integral proteins. Some pro- teins involved in facilitated diffusion are protein channels and carrier proteins (figure 6). Carrier protein Carrier protein Figure 6. A solute particle passes through the cell membrane APPLICATION OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT Breathing (oxygen gets into your bloodstream when the O2 molecules you breathe in diffuse into deoxygenated blood). Spraying of perfume inside the room. Freshwater fish that lives in a hypotonic environment have kidneys and gills that help to prevent build-up of water in their bodies. Human bodies have kidneys and skin to control levels of water and salt (Osmoregulation). Patients in the hospitals usually receive isotonic solutions directly into their blood- stream. This transfusion helps replenish lost body fluid without causing osmosis. Dextrose is a solution that consist of 0.9% sodium chloride and 5% glucose. B. Active Transport The movement of materials is from lower concentration to a region of high concen- tration. It requires energy in the form of ATP and involves carrier proteins to pump mole- cule or ions across the membrane. The energy is used by the carrier proteins to pump molecules across the membrane. Active transport is important in maintaining the ion concentrations inside the cell. The best example is sodium-potassium pump which moves sodium out of the cell and potassium inside the cell (figure 7). 10  Figure 7. Active transport APPLICATION OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT Important in the absorption of nutrients in the cell Contraction of muscle Help nerve cells generate nerve signals C. Bulk Movement of Materials The movement of large molecules in and out of the cells depends on another type of cellular transport. In Bulk transport, large and complex molecules are engulfed and packed in a membrane bound sacs and transported across the membrane. These are two types: endocytosis and exocytosis. A. Endocytosis In endocytosis, the cell engulfs particles into a pouch of the cell membrane (figure 8). The resulting pouch is pinched off inside the plasma membrane and forms a vesicle. The vesicle fuses with lysosome which contains enzymes that break and digest the en- gulfed particles before it releases to the cytoplasm. Plasma membrane vesicle Figure 8. Endocytosis 11 THREE TYPES OF ENDOCYTOSIS 1. Phagocytosis -“cell-eating” the cell engulfs large particles, sometimes called vacuoles. Example: obtaining of food of unicellular organisms like protozoans and algae. 2. Pinocytosis - “cell-drinking” the cell engulfs droplets of fluids instead of solid parti- cles, forming large vacuoles within it (figure 9). 3. Receptor- mediated endocytosis - only specific molecules are ingested into the cell. The plasma membrane folds inward forming a pit lined with receptor proteins which will bind only in a specific type of molecules. TYPES OF ENDOCYTOSIS Phagocytosis Pinocytosis Receptor-mediated solid particle Extracellular fluid Plasma membrane pseudopodium Receptor Coat Protein cytoplasm cytoplasm Coated vesicle Figure 9. Movement of materials in phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and receptor-mediated B. Exocytosis It is the reverse of endocytosis, wherein waste cell products inside the cell and packed into the Golgi vessels are fused in the cell membrane outside of the cell (figure 10). Like endocytosis, exocytosis is an equally important process for the cell to maintain a stable internal environment. Plasma membrane secretory Figure 10. Exocytosis 12  What’s More Now that you are familiar with the concept on how materials transported inside and outside of the cell and the factors that affect them, it is important that you can easily differentiate the mechanism involved on each. This activity will test your familiarity on how materials move passively inside and outside of the cell. Are you now ready? If yes, then let us prepare the materials for the experiment. Independent Activity 1 Are you In or Out? I. Objective Describe the movement of water molecules (whether into or out of the cells) given the concentration of water molecules in and out of the cell. II. Materials Needed Ask the assistance of Take your parents in cutting Care the potatoes. 1 piece potato 2 tablespoon of salt 200 mL water 2 drinking glasses III. Procedure 1. Get the potato and slice it into four cubes. 2. In one of the drinking glasses, add 2 tablespoon of salts and stir it. (Set A. Soak the two cubes potato). 3. Place tap water in the other drinking glasses. (Set B. Soak the other two cubes potato). tap water Potato Salt water potato Set A Set B Figure 11. Potatoes soaked in pure water and salt solution 4. Leave the set-ups overnight. 5. Remove the potato from the salt solution and tap water. 13 IV. Data Fill out the data below Observation of potatoes placed in tap water and salt solution. Set-up Observations Before Soaking After Soaking Potatoes in tap water Potatoes in salt solution V. Guide Questions: 1. Compare the color and size of the two potatoes. __________________________ 2. Based on your observation, in what direction do water molecules move? ______ ________________________________________________________________________ 3. Draw the effects of osmosis on plant cells in each solution type. Plant cell in Hypertonic Plant cell in Hypotonic solution solution 14  At this point, you can now easily distinguish how materials moved inside and outside of the cell through passive transport in the form of osmosis. Let us see how knowledgeable you are when it comes to osmosis. For practice, answer the “Brain Pop Memory Game” that describes how cells affect osmosis. Independent Assessment 1 Brain Pop Memory Game Directions. Identify the condition of the following situations by arranging the jum- bled letters given below. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. You Situation 1 Situation 2 Addy spent five hours swimming in Ten pieces of gummy bears the pool, and feels hungry, so she soaked in water overnight. The got up and was about to eat some- next morning the gummy bears thing when she saw her wrinkled swelled up. What would be the hands. What happened with reason for it? Addy’s hands? CINOTREPYH POICHYTON Situation 3 Situation 4 Dextrose was injected by a Father cooked fish for lunch nurse to a patient with malnutri- with salt on it. He fried them tion. What will be the effect of with high temperature but the transfusing dextrose to the pa- oil keeps on dripping. What tients cells? happened to that condition? SOCITION MOSOSSI 15  You did a good job in answering the “Brain Pop Game” Lets move on to another fun activity entitled “U Diffuse Me” Lets now prepare the materials! Independent Activity 2 U Diffuse Me I. Objective Explain the scattering of the dye in water at different temperatures. II. Materials Needed Be careful with hot water. Ask Take Coffee powder Care the assistance of your parent/ guardian. Cold water tap water ( room temperature) hot water spoon 3 drinking glasses III. Procedure 1. Fill the three containers separately with cold water, tap water and hot water. 2. Place a pinch of coffee powder in each of the three drinking glasses simultaneously. 3. Carefully observe and compare the behavior (movement) of the coffee powder in the three glasses. 4. Write your observations on the table below. IV. Data. Fill up the data. Container Observations Cold water Hot water Tap water 16 V. Questions 1. In which container did the coffee powder scatter the fastest? ______________ 2. In which container did the coffee powder scatter the slowest? ______________ 3. What similarities and differences did you observe when a drop of dye was added to each container? ________________________________________________ Since you already observed how diffusion takes place or how solute moves from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration let us now compare active transport to passive transport. Independent Assessment 2 Venn Diagram Directions. Complete the Venn diagram by choosing the appropriate word or phrases below. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Active Transport Passive Transport both * Diffusion * from lesser concentration to greater * Osmosis * energy is needed * needs a carrier protein or sodium-potassium pump * from high concentration to lesser * no energy is needed * transport of materi- 17 Your answer in Venn Diagram was awesome! Let us have another try! Independent Activity 3 EGGSperiment I. Objective Investigate the process of osmosis through a semi-permeable membrane. II. Materials Needed 3 eggs ( quail or chicken egg) Take Be careful in touching the vine- dye (food coloring) Care gar and handling the glasses! soft drinks/soda 3 empty glasses 200 ml water 100 ml vinegar III. Procedure 1. In the three glasses pour in enough vinegar to cover the eggs. Leave it for 24 hours, and observe. 2. After 24 hours drain the vinegar and replace with fresh vinegar to continue the process of removing the egg shell. Let the egg stay in the vinegar for another 24 hours after that the shell will be fully dissolved and the membrane will be fully exposed. vinegar eggs Figure 12. Eggs soaked in vinegar 3. Gently remove the eggs using spoon and rinse with tap water. Rinse out the empty glasses as well. 4. Prepare three different solutions as follows. Place the egg in each glass and label it as shown in the figure soft water drinks egg water egg and soft drinks Egg Figure A. hypertonic Figure B. hypotonic Figure C. isotonic 18 IV. Data. Fill out the data below Solution Initial observations Final observations Hypertonic (egg soaked in soft drinks) Hypotonic (egg soaked in water) Isotonic (egg soaked in soft drinks and wa- ter) V. Questions 1. When the eggs are placed in vinegar, bubbles began appearing around it. What can be inferred about the cause of these bubbles? __________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 2. Explain the changes of the eggs’ size in terms of osmosis.__________________ __________________________________________________________________ Awesome! Did you enjoy your experiment? It seems that you really understood how materials move inside and outside of the cell. Let us now see if you can still recall the five terminologies you have encountered from the discussion and illustration that correspond to each word. 19 Independent Assessment 3 The Fun Book Matching Game Direction. Match the word found in column A to each corresponding processes in column B. Write your answer on separate sheet of paper. Column A Column B Endocytosis 1. a 2. Exocytosis b Phagocytosis 3. c Pinocytosis 4. d Receptor mediated 5. endocytosis e 20  What I Have Learned Directions. Fill out all the blanks with the words needed to complete the mind map. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Transport of Materials Mind Map 2. 3. 1. 4. 7. 5. 8. 10. 9. 11. 6. 12. 13. 21  What I Can Do Transport of Materials is important for the cells to remain alive. Such processes involved and discussed in the module are passive transport and active transport. As a student let us see how you can apply the topic in your everyday life. Directions. Answer the following questions completely. Write your answer on a Explain how cells in the roots of a plant utilize active transport to absorb nutrients from the cell. _____________________ 1. _____________________________________________ Explain why lettuce must be kept damp to keep its freshness and crispness. _______________________________ 2. _____________________________________________ Explain why do we need to drink at least eight glasses of wa- ter a day. _______________________________ 3. _____________________________________________ Explain why preservation of meat is done by soaking in a strong salt solution._______________________________ 4. _____________________________________________ Explain what will happen to the rice plants when water from the river flowed into the rice field.___________________ 5. _____________________________________________ 22  Assessment I. Matching type: Match column A with the correct answer in column B. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Column A Column B ______ 1. Cell in plant root absorbs nutrients from the a..5%homeostasis soil through ______. b. 1.5% diffusion ______ 2. The structural adaptations of freshwater fish c. active transport which enable them to live in a hypotonic d. diffusion environment. e. facilitated diffusion ______ 3. A state wherein the cell’s internal environment f. gills and kidney must be kept within limits. g. homeostasis ______ 4. Parts of the plant cell which prevent from h. lysosome swelling from too much water. i. passive transport ______ 5. The transport of oxygen from lungs to bloodstream. j. shrink ______ 6. The movement of substances through a k. vacuoles membrane without using energy. ______ 7. It is the average percentage of glucose to human. ______ 8. The vesicles that contains enzyme which engulfed and digest particles within the cell. ______ 9. The mechanism that involved protein channels And carrier proteins. ______ 10. What will happen if red blood cells placed in a solution of 0.6% Sodium chloride? II. True or False. Draw if the statement is correct and if it is wrong. Draw your answer in a separate sheet of paper. ______ 1. Plasma membrane is a semipermeable membrane that allows only certain sub stances to pass through it. _______2. Placing kangkong in water will make it firm and crisp because water flows out side of the cell. _______3. Spraying perfume inside the room is an example of active transport. _______ 4. Phagocytosis is also known as “ cell-eating” 23  Additional Activities The Untold Secret of Cellular transport Draw or illustrate a simple processes that can be seen at home using the concept of any of the following; diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. Place your drawing/illustration in a short bond paper and described the concept involved on it. Output in this activity will be graded based on the given set of Rubrics. Rubrics for Performance–based Output 4 3 2 1 Criteria Expert Accomplished Capable Beginner Materials Set-up of mate- Set-up of ma- Set-up of mate- Set-up of mate- rials are pre- terials are pre- rials had little rials had no sented in an sented in an style. style. extraordinary interesting style. style. Grammar No spelling and Few spelling A number of With so many grammatical and minor grammatical spelling and errors grammatical errors. grammatical errors. errors. Relevance to Results are Results are Results are not Results are not the mecha- analyzed and analyzed and analyzed and analyzed and nisms well presented well presented well presented no clear under- in picture. Un- in picture. Un- in picture. Un- standing. derstanding derstanding derstanding and learning and learning and learning about the ex- about the ex- about the ex- periment is pre- periment is not periment is sented presented presented 24 Independent Assessment 3 Independent Assessment 1 What I Know 1. E 1. HYPERTONIC 1.D 6. C 11. A 2. C 2. HYPOTONIC 2.B 7. B 12. A 3. D 3. ISOTONIC 3. A 8. D 13. C 4. A 4. A 19. D 14. D 4. OSMOSIS 5. B 5. A 10.D 15. B What's In Independent Activity 2 What I Have Learned 1.Cell Membrane FOR TABLE 1 (answer on data may 1. Plasma membrane vary) 2.Nucleus 2. Greater Cold water dye diffuse slowest 3. Mitochondria 3. Lesser Tap water dye move fast 4. Endoplasmic Reticulum 4. Passive Warm water Diffuse evenly and fast- 5. Ribosome 5. Facilitated est 6. Lysosome 6. Osmosis Questions: P H A G O C Y T O S I S 1. Container 3 or container with hot S P I N O C Y T O S I S 7. Active water I N C K P M Z Q A L S H 8. energy S C O L P E S D H J I Y 2. Container 1 or with cold water 9. ATP A I S I O M S O E B S P 3. The solute diffuse in the water T N F Q S G E R T S O E 10. Phagocytosis 4. Temp affect the rate of diffusion, S O G E H U T H A V T R 11. Endocytosis diffusion increases as temperature O T U T R W F J D E Y T increases E O N Y I R C F D N C O 12. Receptor mediated M S M M N U R F Y S O N 13. exocytosis O I K I K V H E S D X I Independent Assessment 2 What I Can Do H Y P O T O N I C G E C 1. The roots of the plants ab- Active transport sorbed minerals ions by ac- * energy is needed tive transport. They cannot What’s More absorbed by diffusion be- * from lesser concentration to greater cause the minerals are very Independent Activity 1 Passive transport low concentration. 1. The color of the potato in salt * diffusion water is dark brown while it is fresh 2. Water will flows inside the cell of the lettuce * osmosis and white in pure water.( answer may vary) 3. It maintains the body homeo- * no energy is needed stais 2. Water in salt concentration move high concentration to lesser from an area of less salt to more 4. Adding too much salt will salt and more water to less salt. removed water from the cell (answer may vary) to stay alive Independent Activity 3 * An- swer in Data 1 5. The cell will burst and die. FOR TABLE 2 ( answer on data vary) Assessment Hypertonic– decreases in mass cir- 1.C 6.I 11. cumference may vary. 2.F 7.A 12. Hypotonic– retain its normal size 3.G 8.H 13. Isotonic– increase in mass and cir- cumference 4.K 9.E 14. Questions: 5.D 10.F 15. Answer Key References Heimer, Charles H., Focus on Life Science, Columbus Ohio 43216: Charles E Merrill Publishing Co.1981. Manosa, Susan D., Frederick T. Talaue, Saranay “Sol” M. Baguio. Breaking through Biology. 839 EDSA South triangle, Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc, 2007 Galvez, Elvira R., Dr. Lourdes R. Carale, Dr. Risa L. Reyes. Biology (Third Edition). Sen Gil Puyat Avenue Makati City: Diwa Learning Systems Inc. Campo, Pia C., May R. Chavez, Maria Helen D.H Catalan,Ph.D., Leticia V. Catris, Ph.D., Marlene B. Ferido, Ph.D. Science Learners Module. 1253 Gregorio Araneta Ave, Quezon City, Metro Manila: Vibal Publishing House Inc Ramos, Bess C., Edna A. Amparado, Inocencia B. Pelagio. 76 Gen Molina St. Parang, Marikina City: Basic Biology: Instructional Coverage System Publishing, Inc. 26  For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan Curriculum Implementation Division Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS) Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan Email address: [email protected] 27