PURC Finals Reviewer PDF

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER OVERVIEW: Demonstration 1. Communication for Information and Persuasion ○ shows how something is done or how it works 2. Business Letter ○ provides step-by-step guide, with ha...

PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER OVERVIEW: Demonstration 1. Communication for Information and Persuasion ○ shows how something is done or how it works 2. Business Letter ○ provides step-by-step guide, with hands-on examples 3. Email ○ effective in teaching practical skills (e.g., 4. Cover Letter cooking, crafting) 5. Resume Process Analysis WEEK 13 – ○ breaks down a process into a series of steps COMMUNICATION FOR INFORMATION AND or stages PERSUASION ○ explains each step in detail for clarity Communication to INFORM ○ for example, a process analysis could explain An informative communication is a written or the steps in manufacturing a product or how a spoken communication that conveys knowledge plant grows from a seed or ideas to audience in order to develop Causal Analysis understanding about a specific topic. ○ examines cause-and-effect relationships The purpose of informative communication is to… ○ answers “why” something happened or predicts future outcomes promote understanding ○ focuses on understanding the reasons stimulate thinking behind events, behaviors, or trends explain ideas Comparison and Contrast illustrate, define, describe a topic ○ highlights similarities and differences Written, spoken, and visual informative between subjects communication can emerge from a range of ○ deepens understanding by juxtaposing categories: features OBJECT Conveys knowledge about any ○ examples include: comparing historical events, inanimate object product options, or scientific theories PEOPLE Focuses on real or fictional individuals Classification and Division CONCEPT Focuses on abstract and complex ideas ○ organizes items into categories EVENT Focuses on current or past events ○ breaks down a whole into component parts PROCESS Provides a step-by-step account of a procedure or natural occurrence ○ helps simplify complex topics by showing ISSUE Provides objective and balanced structure and relationships information about a disputed subject or matter. Tips for INFORMATIVE COMMUNICATION Methods of INFORMATIVE COMMUNICATION 1. Analyze the audience. ○ explains the meaning of a term, concept, or idea assume that your audience Never has a thorough background of the ○ can be formal (dictionary-style) or informal topic. (context-based) 2. Use appropriate language. ○ to clarify terms and establish a foundation for further information Consider the standards of speaking and writing styles of your audience PURC 111 – gil PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER 3. Explain the importance of the topic. Proposition of Value Your audience should find a good ○ when you persuade an audience that reason to listen or read your something is “good or bad,” “right or message. wrong,” or “desirable or undesirable.” 4. Express interest in the subject material. examples: By expressing your own interest to Public education is more important than the topic, you signal your audience private schooling. that the material is valuable Free healthcare is a moral obligation. 5. Show, do not tell. Brat by Charli XCX is the best pop album Descriptions, demonstrations and released this year. visual aids, and using available Proposition of Policy technology can enhance understanding of the topic. ○ when you advocate that something “should or should not” be done. 6. Be specific. examples: Communicate about details rather than general ideas. Schools should implement mandatory mental health education for students. Communication to PERSUADE Plastic bags should be banned in all retail Persuasion means trying to influence the way stores. someone thinks or believes. Persuasive communication is a kind of Abortion should be legalized and communication that attempts to influence the accessible to all women, regardless of age or economic status. audience to adopt a perspective on a specific topic and to act upon that belief. Modes of Persuasion Every persuasive communication expresses a Persuasive communication involves three modes. particular proposition. Ethos - credibility A proposition is a statement or assertion that expresses a judgment or opinion. Pathos - emotion It is a claim that something is true or not, Logos - logic right or wrong, beneficial or necessary Ethos or otherwise. used to show the character of the Proposition of Fact speaker as credible and trustworthy. ○ when you try to establish that something is ○ build your credibility “true or false.” ○ establish authority examples: ○ use credible sources Climate change is primarily caused by human activity. "As a licensed physician with over 20 years of experience in women's health, I have seen Vaccines reduce the spread of infectious firsthand the critical importance of accessible diseases. reproductive care. Based on extensive research The universe is expanding. and medical practice, I strongly believe that all women deserve the right to make informed decisions about their own healthcare, including the choice to seek an abortion." PURC 111 – gil PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER Pathos Logos appeal to feelings or emotion or the appeal to logic, means to appeal to the audiences’ sense of reason. means to persuade an audience by purposely evoking certain emotions to ○ make clear and logical make them feel the way the author connections between ideas wants them to feel. ○ use factual and logical ○ choose emotionally evocative evidences, such as statistics words or phrases ○ avoid logical fallacies ○ use stories that evoke emotion. "Studies show that regions with access to safe and "Imagine being a young woman, scared and alone, legal abortion services have lower maternal facing an unplanned pregnancy with no support mortality rates. According to the World Health from family or friends. You have dreams and Organization, countries with restrictive abortion aspirations, but now your future seems uncertain. laws often experience higher rates of unsafe, Without access to safe and legal abortion, your illegal procedures that result in preventable entire life could be changed forever. No one should deaths. In contrast, countries with comprehensive be forced to carry a pregnancy against their will." reproductive health policies have seen significant improvements in women's health outcomes and overall well-being." PURC 111 – gil PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER Step 1 Attention “I want to hear what you have to say.” Step 2 Need “I agree. I have that need/want.” Step 3 Satisfaction “I see that your solution will work.” Step 4 Visualization “This is a great idea.” Step 5 Action “I want it.” Attention Grab the audience’s attention with a thought-provoking statement or question. "Imagine a man who has spent decades on death row for a crime he didn’t commit. After his execution, new evidence reveals his innocence. How many more innocent lives will be lost before we reconsider the death penalty?" Need Define the problem and explain why it matters. Here, you establish why the audience should care about the issue. "The death penalty not only risks executing innocent people, but it also perpetuates racial and Monroe’s Motivated Sequence socioeconomic biases. Studies have shown that those who are poor or from minority backgrounds Monroe’s Motivated Sequence can help you are more likely to be sentenced to death, achieve your “call to action” goal in your regardless of their actual guilt." persuasive communication. Satisfaction Step 1 Attention Get your audience to Offer a solution to the problem you've listen. identified. Provide a clear, actionable Step 2 Need Get your course of action to resolve the issue. audience to feel a need or "We must abolish the death penalty. By replacing want. it with life imprisonment without parole, we can Step 3 Satisfaction Tell your protect innocent individuals from wrongful audience how executions while ensuring that those who commit to fill their the most heinous crimes are still held need or want. accountable." Step 4 Visualization Get your audience to Visualization see benefits Help the audience visualize the of solution. positive outcomes of the solution, or Step 5 Action Get your the negative outcomes if the problem audience to take an persists. action. PURC 111 – gil PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER "Imagine a justice system where mistakes are not preferably written in first-person. irreversible, where no one is wrongfully executed, Styles of Business Letters and where everyone receives a fair trial, regardless of their background. We can create a Full block style more humane, just society where the law truly serves the people." The entire text is left aligned and single spaced. Action Encourage the audience to take action or adopt a new way of thinking about the issue. "I urge you to support the abolition of the death penalty in our state. Contact your legislators, vote for candidates who advocate for reform, and stand up for a fairer, more just system. Together, we can end this irreversible injustice." WEEK 14 – Workplace Documents: Business Letter & Email Workplace Documents It can be informational or persuasive. Modified block style provide a record of correspondence, which are important in situations where The return address, date, complimentary legal concerns may arise. closing, and the signature line are slightly to the right of the center of the paper. ensures efficient delivery of information within an organization In writing workplace documents, the goal is always to make it clear, concise, and professional. Examples may include but are not limited to: email - reports memorandum - cover sheets letter - minutes of the meeting Writing a Business Letter Business letters are formal communications within a professional setting and serve as legal documents between parties, so it is important that all information is accurate and legitimate. A business letter is… is a legal document used to request and provide information must be concise and clear PURC 111 – gil PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER Elements of a Standard Business Letter Closing Return Address Leave two lines of space after your last body paragraph, then use a conventional closing, Your address or the address of the company you followed by a comma (i.e., Sincerely, Sincerely represent. Yours, Respectfully). Date Leave two blank lines after the return Signature address. Always spell out the month and include the day, a comma, and the year. Your signature should appear below your closing. Unless you have established a personal relationship with the person you are writing, use both your first and last name. Four lines after the closing, type your full Inside Address name. Do not include a title (Mr. or Mrs.). If you are writing on behalf of an organization, type your Leave two blank lines after the date. Then type title on the next line. the address of the person or company to whom you are writing. Abbreviations at the end of a letter Salutation cc (carbon copy): used when sending a copy of a letter to someone other than the Type Dear, followed by the person’s name. End person addressed the line with a colon. If you don’t know the name of the person, use a title instead. (i.e. Dear cc: Juan Dela Cruz Madam) Enc (Enclosure): used when you attach/enclose documents with the letter. Indicate the number of documents enclosed. Body Align your message on the left margin. Skip a Abbreviations at the end of a letter line before starting a new paragraph, but do not writer’s initials: if someone else typed indent the paragraph’s first line. Make sure that the letter, put the writer’s initials in each paragraph is clear and concise. capitals, then a slash and the typist’s initials in lowercase. Just one abbreviation should appear on a line. writer’s name: Taylor Swift typist’s name: Stefani Germanotta TS/sg PURC 111 – gil PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER Formatting your Business Letter Addressing an email Use single spacing. NEVER use double When you send an email, you have three field spaces. choices: “to”, “cc”, and “bcc”. Use a simple font style that is easy to read. To: Add the email addresses of the main recipients. Leave a blank line between each paragraph. This makes it easier to follow the changes of Cc: Add the email addresses of those who topic within the letter. should see the email (visible to everyone). Introduction: Bcc: Add the email addresses of those who should see the email but stay hidden from This paragraph should introduce why you others. are writing the letter and sum up the key points in the following paragraphs. Include a statement that shows you are knowledgeable of the audience to which Why would you “cc” someone? your letter is directed. Keeps someone informed without involving The Body: them directly. Provide background or history regarding the Useful for updates, meeting summaries, or purpose of the letter. reminders for action. Talk about key points you are making. Shows recipients who else is copied on the email. Include a justification of the importance of the main points. Often used in business to emphasize the importance of the email to the primary List any important dates, discussions, and recipient. conversations that are relevant. Why would you “bcc” someone? Ask questions, if necessary. Keeps recipients' email addresses private. Conclusion: Commonly used for large mailing lists to Summarize the main points of the letter. protect privacy. Restate the problem and resolution if Allows someone to stay informed without pertinent. others knowing they received the email. Include deadlines. In business, can discreetly involve superiors or Provide contact information (Email, Phone others in a conversation. Number, Fax, Etc.). Prevents “BCC” recipients from getting "reply Business Emails all" emails. Emails are written communications primarily used Key points in writing a business email in sending information. Be concise. Try to keep to a maximum length of five paragraphs. If your message is very long consider sending it as an attachment. Don’t use an inappropriate email address from which to send your email ([email protected]). If you do not have a business email address, set one up using your name or your company name. PURC 111 – gil PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER Make sure you title your email clearly in the "Dear Hiring Manager" or "Dear Human subject box. Try to keep titles short. Resources." Use bulleted lists and keep paragraphs short. Cover letter format Do not use block capitals. They give the A cover letter should be formatted like a impression you are shouting at your reader. business letter with these sections: Do not use emojis/emoticons in formal Header with date and contact information emails. Salutation or greeting Avoid slangs or abbreviations. Opening paragraph Don't be sloppy with grammar or ignore Middle paragraph(s) formatting. It may be quicker to write your email without using capital letters, but it looks Closing paragraph unprofessional to the reader. Letter ending and signature Always reply to an email as soon as possible to show the sender that you are Elements of a Cover letter dealing with the information. Header WEEK 15 – 16 – you should include a few pieces of personal Workplace Documents: Cover Letter and and role-specific information at the top of Resume your cover letter to make it easier for a hiring manager or recruiter to follow up Cover Letter with you. A cover letter, often referred to as an application letter, is a concise document consisting of three to four paragraphs. It is addressed to employers to express your enthusiasm for the position and the company while highlighting your qualifications and suitability for the role. Key points in writing a Cover Letter Reflect on your experiences and identify the skills, talents, or achievements you want to highlight for the employer. How do these align with the role you’re applying for? Include a Greeting Recall how you discovered the job opportunity. Find the name of the person reviewing If a personal contact referred you, note their applications and address them with "Dear name and title. If it was through an [Name]" or "Dear [Position Title]." Avoid advertisement or job board, write down where generic greetings like "To whom it may and when you saw it, including any specific concern." instructions in the job description. Research the company and identify what appeals to you, such as its culture, brand, or reviews. Does the company’s mission and vision resonate with your values? Determine who to address your letter to. If you know the recipient's name and title, use it. Otherwise, consider addressing the letter to PURC 111 – gil PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER Opening paragraph In the opening paragraph, state the job title, where you found the posting, and your interest in the role and company. Make it concise and engaging to leave a strong first impression. Resume It is an essential document for job seekers, serving as a formal representation of one's professional identity to potential employers. Resume Designs Second paragraph Reverse-Chronological Resume Design Your second paragraph should be a brief overview of your background as it relates to the position. This format primarily emphasizes professional experience by presenting an applicant's work Include key achievements, skills and specialties that make you particularly suited to the position. history in reverse chronological order, starting with the most recent position. Focus on one or two and provide specific details about your success, including measurable impacts you made. Closing paragraph Use the closing paragraph to highlight a key skill or achievement with a brief story that shows you’re fit for the role, avoiding repetition of your resume. Professional Sign Off Functional Resume Design Conclude by summarizing you are fit for the role and your enthusiasm for the position. Keep it brief The functional resume format prioritizes and express interest in next steps, ending with showcasing an individual's skill set over work your signature. history. This format is particularly advantageous for those entering the workforce for the first time or transitioning to a new career. PURC 111 – gil PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER Resume Summary A resume summary contains three to five sentences that focus on your experience, qualifications, and what you can bring to the company. As it focuses on the past, it’s perfect for experienced candidates. Resume Objective A resume objective is shorter, up to three sentences, and should outline your abilities Resume Header and your career goals–as it focuses more on the future. It’s best for entry-level Situated at the top of your resume, your resume candidates or career changers header should feature the essential contact information. Here’s how to structure it: Start with your first and last name, using a slightly larger font so it stands out. Underneath your name, state either your Work Experience current job title or the position you’re The experience section of a resume tells applying for (e.g., “Customer Service your career story so far, demonstrating Specialist” or “Aspiring Web Developer”). how your past work makes you qualified Or use a catchy resume headline if your for the job you're applying for. industry is more creative or if you’re an entry-level candidate and want to grab For each job, include the following details: attention immediately. Job title: This shows your role and level of Use a professional email address, responsibility. typically your first and last name. Avoid using nicknames or personal email Company name and location: List the full company name and city where you worked. accounts that look unprofessional (e.g., no “[email protected]”). Dates of employment: Mention both the start Write out a phone number where and end month/year (e.g., “March 2021 – June employers can easily reach you. Double- 2023”). If it's a current job, write “Present” for check it to avoid any mistakes. the end date. Key responsibilities and achievements: Summarize your most important duties and PURC 111 – gil PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION FINALS REVIEWER highlight any accomplishments or projects you Character References completed. Use bullet points instead of A character reference list, often required paragraphs to keep this section easy to read. for job applications, educational programs Education Section or legal purposes. Another crucial component of your resume is the education section. It shows a brief, clear overview of your academic achievements. It highlights the degrees or certifications you've earned and the institutions you attended. ‘PASADONG FINALS CUTIE!!!’ ‘PADAYON EVERYONE♡’ Skills Regardless of your experience level, your skills show a lot about what you’ve achieved and what you can do in the future. When written out properly, a powerful skills section can make your resume skyrocket. PURC 111 – gil