Psychology Chapter 3 Sensation and Perception PDF

Psychology Chapter 3 Sensation and Perception Some of the key objectives to be covered in this chapter are;  Definitions of sensation and perception  Absolute and Difference Threshold  The major structures and function of one’s senses: The Eye, Hearing,...

Psychology Chapter 3 Sensation and Perception Some of the key objectives to be covered in this chapter are;  Definitions of sensation and perception  Absolute and Difference Threshold  The major structures and function of one’s senses: The Eye, Hearing, Smell, Taste and Touch.  Receptor cells of the different senses  Vestibular sense  Chapter 3  Kinesthetic sense  Gestalt principals of grouping  Types of constancies  Visual cues (binocular and monocular)  Additional influences on perception Important: Students should prepare and study for tests considering information in the power point and referenced by your instructor in the text book.  Chapter 3 Sensation  The process in which a sensory stimulus is detected and transmitted to the brain for interpretation. A stimulus is a physical energy that elicits a response in the sensory system. The basic senses are sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing, and senses related to spatial orientation (vestibular and kinesthetic).  Chapter 3 Perception  The process in which a sensory stimulus is sorted out and interpreted by the brain. The way it is organized, categorized by the brain. Note definitions of sensory receptors and sensory adaptation in your text.  Chapter 3 Absolute Threshold  The minimal amount of sensory stimulus that is required for detection. The minimal amount that can be detected 50% of the time. Difference Threshold  The smallest detectable difference that can be noticed in a stimulus. The smallest change that can be detected 50% of the time. Example?  Chapter 3 The Sensory Systems The brain is designed to fill two major functions: control muscle movement and regulate the body’s internal environment. The brain relies on information from the senses to do both. Vision (light, sight) p. 65 Rods and cones as receptor cells (dark & light adaptation) Figure 3.2 in text…parts of the eye Note saturation, afterimage, and color blindness  Chapter 3 Hearing (auditory) p. 71  Receptors … ear, auditory nerve, auditory cortex  Figure 3.10 in text  Note: middle ear, cochlea, outer ear Smell and Taste (Olfaction and Gustation) p. 74  Receptors…olfactory bulbs, taste bulbs  Figure 3.11 in text  Note: olfaction, flavor, tactile  Chapter 3 Skin Senses (sense of touch, skin contact) p. 77  Receptors site…skin, spinal cord, sensory cortex  Figure 3.12 (not needed for test purposes)  Note: endorphins Kinesthetic Sense (movement, orientation,) p. 79  Receptor sites… skeletal muscles, joints, tendons  Note: definition of same in the text  Chapter 3 Vestibular Sense (head rotation, movement) p. 81  Receptors sites…inner ear, spinal cord, cerebellum  Figure 3.13  Note: definition of same in the text Gestalt Principles of Grouping (see handout)  Figure –ground, Similarity, Closure, Proximity, Simplicity, and Continuity  Chapter 3 Perception: Ways of Perceiving (handout)  Top-down and Bottom-up processing  Size, Shape, Brightness, and Colour Constancy  Depth perception  Visual cues