Professional Development Final Exam PDF

Week 9 Nursing ethics Learning Outcomes - Discuss ethics in nursing practice - Explore ethical values and principles set by College of Nurses Ontario - Use ethical decision-making frameworks - Identify ethical issues in nursing practice Understanding Ethics Ethics involves the study of right and...

Week 9 Nursing ethics Learning Outcomes - Discuss ethics in nursing practice - Explore ethical values and principles set by College of Nurses Ontario - Use ethical decision-making frameworks - Identify ethical issues in nursing practice Understanding Ethics Ethics involves the study of right and wrong behavior based on philosophical ideals. In nursing, ethics reflects core professional values and guides practice through: - Values: Strong personal beliefs and ideals - Professional responsibilities: Reliability, dependability, duty to perform actions - Advocacy: Acting on behalf of others, promoting equity - Accountability: Maintaining professional standards and competence Principles of Healthcare Ethics 1. Autonomy: Freedom of self-determination in healthcare decisions 2. Beneficence: Promoting patient wellbeing 3. Normal efficiency: Avoiding harm 4. Justice: Fair and equal treatment of all patients CNO Ethical Values 1. Client Well-being - Promoting health and preventing harm - Balancing benefits and potential risks - Respecting client perspectives 2. Client Choice - Supporting self-determination - Providing information for informed decisions - Working with substitute decision makers when needed 3. Privacy & Confidentiality - Protecting personal information - Maintaining dignity - Sharing information only when necessary 4. Respect for Life - Honouring client values about life and quality of life - Providing dignified end-of-life care - Arranging alternative care when values conflict 5. Maintaining Commitments - To Clients: Putting client needs first - To Self: Recognizing personal values and limitations - To Profession: Upholding standards - To Quality Practice: Advocating for improvement 6. Truthfulness - Providing complete information - Building trust through honesty - Answering questions directly 7. Fairness - Allocating resources based on health-related factors - Advocating for adequate resources - Making decisions about care priorities Ethical Decision Making Framework for Analyzing Dilemmas: 1. Identify the ethical issue 2. Gather relevant information 3. Examine personal values 4. Define the problem 5. Consider possible actions 6. Reflect on outcomes 7. Evaluate results Consent and Confidentiality - Governed by Health Care Consent Act and Substitute Decisions Act - Requires informed consent for treatment - Maintains privacy of health information - Follows specific protocols for substitute decision-makers - Balances information sharing with privacy protection Quality Practice Settings Seven key characteristics: 1. Professional development systems 2. Leadership 3. Organizational supports 4. Response systems 5. Equipment and facilities 6. Communication systems 7. Care delivery processes This framework supports nurses in providing ethical, professional care while maintaining standards and addressing complex healthcare situations. Week 10 Professional Boundaries/Misconduct & Social Media Use Professional Misconduct Overview - Nursing is a self-regulating profession under the Regulated Health Professions Act and Nursing Act - The College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO) regulates nursing practice to protect public interest - Nurses are responsible for knowing what constitutes professional conduct and misconduct - CNO investigates all complaints from public, healthcare professionals, and employers Categories of Professional Misconduct 1. Failure to Maintain Standards of Practice 2. Working while Impaired 3. Abusive Conduct 4. Theft 5. Failure to Obtain Client Consent 6. Inadequate Documentation & Record Keeping 7. Misrepresentation 8. Failure to Meet Legal/Professional Obligations 9. Conflict of Interest 10. Inappropriate Business Practices 11. Disgraceful, Dishonourable, and Unprofessional Conduct Common Examples of Misconduct - Failure to assess and respond to changes in patient health - Medication errors - Incomplete documentation - Inappropriate behavior towards patients or colleagues - Misappropriation of narcotics - Breach of patient confidentiality - Social media violations - Sexual abuse or harassment - Failure to complete required continuing education Complaint Process 1. Complaint Reception - Must be in written or recorded form - Must include complainant's contact information - College acknowledges receipt and explains process 2. Resolution Methods - Alternative Dispute Resolution - Formal Investigation - Disciplinary Proceedings 3. Investigation Process - Gathering evidence and documentation - Interviewing witnesses - Providing opportunity for nurse response - Review by Inquiries, Complaints and Reports Committee (ICRC) 4. Potential Outcomes - No action if complaint unsupported - Advice or caution to nurse - Mandatory remedial programs - Referral to Discipline Committee - Fines - Practice conditions - License suspension or revocation Social Media Guidelines Professional Expectations - Maintain separate personal and professional accounts - Protect patient confidentiality - Set appropriate privacy settings - Maintain professional boundaries - Follow employer policies - Represent profession appropriately Key Principles - Confidentiality: No sharing of patient information - Privacy: Maintain strong privacy settings - Boundaries: No personal connections with patients - Integrity: Maintain professional reputation - Accountability: Be responsible for online actions Risk Mitigation Strategies - Never accept patient friend requests - Keep personal and professional lives separate - Avoid posting workplace issues - Follow CNO standards and guidelines - Consider impact before posting - Report confidentiality breaches immediately Professional Standards Application - Therapeutic Nurse-Client Relationships - Confidentiality & Privacy - Ethics - Code of Conduct - Professional representation The document emphasizes the importance of maintaining professional standards both in traditional healthcare settings and digital environments, with particular focus on protecting patient privacy and maintaining appropriate boundaries. Week 11 Nursing Theories, Research, & Evidence-Based Practice Learning Outcomes - Define key terms related to nursing theories - Describe theories and conceptual frameworks in nursing practice - Identify components of nursing theories - Understand research's role in professional nursing - Develop skills to critique research - Explain evidence-based decision-making in nursing - Understand various sources of evidence for clinical practice Nursing Theory Fundamentals Key Terms - Concept: An idea or notion - Conceptual Model: Interrelated concepts showing relationships - Framework: Basic structure for theory development - Metaparadigm: Concepts identifying discipline domain - Grand Theory: Broad theory covering discipline concerns - Metatheory: Theory about theory development - Midrange Theory: Focused theory for specific nursing concerns - Model: Representation of concept interactions - Nursing Theory: Framework of testable interrelated concepts - Worldview: Perspective for interpreting experience Historical Development - Florence Nightingale provided early nursing model - Major developments occurred in 1960s - Driven by healthcare system expansion and scientific discoveries - Need to differentiate nursing role from other healthcare providers The Nursing Process (ADPIE) 1. Assessment: Gather and organize information 2. Diagnosis: Added formally to process 3. Planning: Prioritize issues and create care plan 4. Intervention: Execute care plan 5. Evaluation: Judge success and revise as needed Conceptual Frameworks and Metaparadigm Concepts Four Core Metaparadigm Concepts 1. Person: Individual with biological, psychological, social, spiritual dimensions 2. Environment: Complex system including family, social ties, community 3. Health: Overall well-being beyond absence of disease 4. Nursing: Systematic approach to individualized care Types of Theories 1. Practice-Based Theories - Florence Nightingale Model - McGill Model 2. Needs Theories - Virginia Henderson Model - Dorthea Orem Self Care Theory 3. Interactionist Theories - Focus on nurse-patient relationships - Examples: Hildegard Paplau, Joyce Travelbee 4. Systems Theories - Address whole systems and subsystems - Examples: Dorothy Johnson, Betty Neuman 5. Simultaneity Theories - Focus on understanding client-nursing relationship - Examples: Martha Rogers, Jean Watson Evidence-Based Practice Evidence-Informed Decision Making (EIDM) - Required by Canadian Nurses Association - Involves critical appraisal of scientific evidence - Incorporates research findings, clinical expertise, client preferences  Steps for Evidence-Informed Practice 1. Form clear clinical question 2. Search for relevant evidence 3. Critically appraise evidence 4. Integrate evidence with expertise 5. Evaluate outcomes 6. Determine and disseminate results Research Methods - PICO format for quantitative research questions: - Population - Intervention - Comparison - Outcome - PS format for qualitative research: - Population - Situation Evidence Evaluation - 6S Pyramid Tool for finding research evidence - CRAAP Test for evaluating sources: - Currency: Timeliness - Relevance: Importance to needs - Authority: Source credibility - Accuracy: Reliability - Purpose: Reason for information Best Practices - Use databases like MEDLINE and CINAHL - Focus on peer-reviewed research - Evaluate evidence using systematic approaches - Integrate findings into practice - Monitor and assess outcomes - Share successful interventions Week 12 Learning Outcomes - Understanding fitness to practice concept - Applying fitness to practice to nursing, self-regulation, and public protection - Recognizing symptoms, causes, and effects of practice-impairing stressors - Examining methods to maintain fitness to practice Understanding Fitness to Practice Fitness to Practice encompasses all qualities and capabilities relevant to practicing as a nurse, including freedom from cognitive, physical, psychological, or emotional conditions, and substance dependencies that could impair nursing practice. Under the Code of Ethics, nurses must: - Maintain their fitness to practice - Withdraw from care provision if unable to practice safely - Take necessary steps to regain fitness to practice  Factors Affecting Fitness - Problematic substance use - Mental health issues - Physical limitations or injuries - Fatigue - Other factors impacting practice quality CNO Fitness to Practice Process 1. Health Inquiry - Employers must report concerns within 30 days - Executive Director reviews risk level - Inquiries, Complaints and Reports Committee (ICRC) conducts inquiry - Nurses may be required to undergo health assessment 2. Fitness to Practice Committee - Public notation made in Find a Nurse profile - Resolution through agreement or formal hearing - Can impose practice restrictions or certificate surrender - Treatment and practice limitations may be required 3. Public Register - Information posted as necessary for public protection - Restrictions and voluntary agreements documented - Removal of restrictions when public safety assured Mental Health Crisis in Nursing Current Challenges - Short staffing - Unrealistic workloads - Workplace violence - High rates of PTSD, anxiety, depression, and burnout Support Resources - Wellness Together Canada platform - 24/7 mental health support - Anonymous access available - Crisis support through FRONTLINE text service - Nurses' Health Program (NHP) for Ontario nurses Maintaining Fitness to Practice Professional Obligations - Regular self-assessment of practice capability - Seeking support when needed - Accessing healthcare provider guidance - Utilizing staff health programs - Reporting concerns about self or others Support Systems - Employer assistance - Healthcare provider consultation - Treatment programs - Professional association resources - Mental health services Quality Improvement Initiatives - Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle implementation - Problem identification and analysis - Evidence-based strategy development - Outcome evaluation - Continuous improvement process Week 13 Learning Outcomes * Identify nursing organizations and associations in Canada/Ontario * Compare regulatory bodies, professional organizations and unions * Examine benefits of nursing organization membership * Explore professional liability protection importance * Identify nursing union roles in Ontario Overview of Nursing Organizations Canada has 460,000 nurses divided into four categories: * Registered Nurse * Registered Practical Nurse * Nurse Practitioners * Registered Psychiatric Nurses Types of Professional Organizations Nursing Regulatory Bodies * Example: College of Nurses of Ontario * Protect the public * Set, monitor, and enforce practice standards Nursing Unions * Example: Ontario Nurses Association * Focus on nurses as workers * Negotiate collective agreements * Ensure safe working conditions and fair pay Nursing Specialty Practice Organizations * Example: Pediatric Oncology Group Ontario * Provide professional development * Advance specialty nursing practice * Improve quality of care Professional Nursing Associations * Example: RNAO & RPNAO * Lead healthcare policy development * Advocate for nursing profession * Connect nurses, students, and retirees Professional Liability Protection (PLP) Key Requirements * Mandatory for all College of Nurses of Ontario members * Provides compensation for public harm from malpractice * Minimum coverage: - General/Temporary Class: $1 million per claim - Extended Class (NPs): $2 million per claim Types of Coverage * Occurrence-Based: Covers incidents during active coverage * Claims-Made: Covers claims filed during active policy Important Considerations * Coverage needed for all practice settings * Required even if not in clinical role * Applies to both RN and RPN roles if dual-registered * Covers nursing practice when working as unregulated care provider * Good Samaritan Act applies for emergency care outside practice Sources of Coverage * Employers * Provincial/national nursing associations * Insurance providers