Human Digestion Presentation PDF
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Summary
This presentation covers human digestion, detailing its key stages and processes, from the initial mouth to the final large intestine. It describes the various organs and enzymes involved, outlining their respective roles in breaking down food for absorption and energy production throughout the digestive tract.
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Human digestion Human digestive system (General plan) Accessory digestive organs Sites of digestion Organ/s Mechanical Carbohydrate digestion Protein Nucleic Acid Lipid digestion...
Human digestion Human digestive system (General plan) Accessory digestive organs Sites of digestion Organ/s Mechanical Carbohydrate digestion Protein Nucleic Acid Lipid digestion digestion digestion digestion Polysaccharides Disaccharides Oral cavity Chewing (starch, glycogen) (sucrose, lactose) Esophagus Peristalsis Pharynx Salivary amylase Smaller polysaccharides, maltose Stomach Churning Proteins Mixing Peristalsis Pepsin Small polypeptides Small Peristalsis Pancreatic trypsin DNA, RNA Fat globules intestine Mixing Polysaccharides and chymotrypsin Pancreatic Bile salts Lumen Pancreatic amylase Smaller polypeptides nucleases Fat droplets Nucleotides Pancreatic lipase Maltose and other disaccharides Glycerol, fatty acids, glycerides Nucleotidases Small Small peptides Disaccharidases Nucleosides intestine Dipeptidases, Epithelium carboxypeptidase, Nucleosidases, phosphatases aminopeptidase Nitrogenous bases, Monosaccharides sugars, phosphates Amino acids Digestion in the Mouth Salivary glands – Water – Some enzymes Salivary amylase Lysozyme – Mucus or mucin Teeth Swallowing: from mouth to stomach Digestion in the Stomach Muscular sac ◦ Churns & mixes food Gastric glands ◦ Parietal cells HCl, intrinsic factor ◦ Goblet cells mucus ◦ Chief cells pepsinogen, weak gastric lipase ◦ Gastrin Hormone Controls gastric juices Comes out as chyme (2-6 hours) Liver Secretes bile (stored in gall bladder) Emulsifies fats Gallbladder Stores, concentrates, and releases bile into duodenum Stimulated by the hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) Pancreas Exocrine function Acinar cells secrete pancreatic juice – Amylase – Lipase – Trypsin – Chymotrypsin – Carboxypeptidase – Nuclease – NaHCO3 Secretin and cholecystokinin (CCK) fr intestinal wall stimulates PJ production Absorption in the small intestine Reabsorption and elimination in the large intestine Areas of the colon cecum rectum anus Absorption of water and electrolytes Concentration & elimination of solids Home for bacteria folic acid vitamin K several B-vitamins gases
