PPC 3 Filipino Values.pdf

FILIPINO VALUES (Lesson 3)  The Filipino culture Belief System Filipinos are religious. They believe so much in supernatural powers and view themselves as only a speck in this wide universe. This Filipino belief in the supernatural powers taught them to trust prayers rather than...

FILIPINO VALUES (Lesson 3)  The Filipino culture Belief System Filipinos are religious. They believe so much in supernatural powers and view themselves as only a speck in this wide universe. This Filipino belief in the supernatural powers taught them to trust prayers rather than hard work in the realization of their dreams. Success is considered a blessing from above, a result of good luck and faith. It also taught him to value traits like perseverance, patience, and endurance.  Good is considered relative. What is considered good to one may not be good to another. Happiness and success differ from one person to another. Elders, parents, and superiors are respected and obeyed. Hospitality is one practice Filipinos believe in because it is their way of implementing threw golden rule: “Do unto others what you want others do unto you”.  Value System Cultural values are shared assumption of what is right, good, or important. Values actually guide man’s behavior and action as he relates himself in most situations in life. The Filipino values can best be seen from the aspects of personal and social relationships. Personally, the Filipinos value more their honor and status than anything else. Majority of them takes care of their honor (karangalan) rather than wealth.  In decision making, the Filipinos usually consult and take into consideration the consensus of the family members as the feelings of those who are to be affected.  Socially, the Filipinos give more emphasis on social relationships. This can be seen through the hospitality they give to their visitors and friends. They love to mingle with people particularly with friends and relatives. They engage themselves in mutual cooperation, which is best pictured through the “bayanihan”. In terms of emotion, the Filipinos are friendly. They smile at people, even with strangers when they are approach. They are warm and simple. Women in the Philippines are highly regarded and respected and can be relied upon when it comes to family affairs. Filipinos have been noted for their strong cultural values. HOW DO WE IDENTIFY THESE CULTURAL VALUES? Fourfold Test of Robin Williams (as cited by Frank Lunch, S.J.) 1. EXTENSIVENESS of the value in the total activity of the system. - How many people or groups believe in this idea? -How many things people do that show they believe in this idea? Fourfold Test of Robin Williams (as cited by Frank Lunch, S.J.) 2. DURATION of the value. -Has this been important for a long time? Fourfold Test of Robin Williams (as cited by Frank Lunch, S.J.) 3. INTENSITY with which the value is sought or maintained, as shown by: effort, crucial choices, verbal affirmations, and by creation of threats to the value –for example, promptness, certainty, & severity of sanctions. Fourfold Test of Robin Williams (as cited by Frank Lunch, S.J.) Basically how much someone cares about something and how much they are willing to do to make it happen. How much they work for it: Do they spend a lot of time or money on it? What choices they make: Do they choose this value over other things? How they talk about it: Do they say it's very important to them? How they protect it: Do they punish people who don't respect it? Fourfold Test of Robin Williams (as cited by Frank Lunch, S.J.) 4. PRESTIGE OF VALUE CARRIERS means that people look up to or respect these individuals, objects, or organizations because they embody or represent values that are considered important. Ex: Culture heroes - These are people who are admired for their bravery, wisdom, or other qualities. They often represent important values in their culture, such as courage, honesty, or respect for elders.  *SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE* Smooth Interpersonal Relations (SIR) A way of getting along with people without causing problems or arguments like glum or sour looks, harsh words, open disagreement, or physical violence Being agreeable nice and friendly, even when things are tough.  *SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE* sensitivity to what other people feel at any given moment a willingness and ability to change tack (direction) to catch the lightest favoring breeze acquired & preserved principally by pakikisama, euphemism, & the use of go-between  Pakikisama Tagalog word derived from the root sama, “accompany, go along with” sometimes means good public relations some sociologists say it means “giving in” or following the lead or suggestion of another a concession, meaning giving up something to make everyone happy  Euphemism refers to the stating of unpleasant truth, opinion, or request as pleasantly as possible an art that has long been highly prized in the Philippine society, and is no less highly regarded today. Harsh & insulting speech is correspondingly devalued. notable in public/ semi-public gathering where there’s need to express an opinion  Go-between it is not agreement, oblique speech, or remedial friendliness but a third party who is used to assuage a bruise, heal a wound or prevent injury utilized not only to avoid possible embarrassment r bad feeling, but also to remedy an existing state of conflict or tension Ex: Pamamanhikan is conducted through go-betweens and spokesmen for two parties Social acceptance is gained and enhanced by smooth interpersonal relations (SIR). Its loss is guarded by two sanctions discouraging behavior disruptive of these relations: 1. HIYA/ SHAME 2. AMOR PROPIO/ SELF-ESTEEM  Hiya (Shame) universal social sanction for it enforces conformity with all aspects of the social code, whether the end in view is acceptance by society in general or by individual with whom one is dealing with at the moment  Amor Propio (Self-esteem) special defense against severe interpersonal unpleasantness not aroused by every insult, slighting remark, or offensive gesture the stimuli that set it off are only those that strike at the individual’s most highly valued attributes  Threefold Classification of *RECIPROCITY* (Hollnsteiner) 1. Contractual Reciprocity -supposes voluntary agreement between 2 or more people to behave toward one another in a specified way & time in the future (i.e. bayanihan) -reciprocal acts are equivalent, their amount and form having been explicitly agreed upon beforehand  Threefold Classification of *RECIPROCITY* (Hollnsteiner) 2. Quasi-contractual Reciprocity -regulates balanced exchanges where the terms of repayment are not explicitly stated before the contract is made -play automatically without any specific prior arrangement, and repayment is made in a mechanical, almost non- affective manner (i.e. abuloy)  Threefold Classification of *RECIPROCITY* (Hollnsteiner) 3. Utang na Loob Reciprocity -most commonly generated when transfer of goods/ services takes place between individuals belonging to different groups -recipient shows gratitude by returning favor with interest to be sure he doesn’t remain in the other’s debt -unexpected favor from an unexpected person  *PAGGALANG (RESPECT)* value extended to people in authority, elders, and other people in general as virtue, motivated by love manifested through: paggalang sa nakakatanda & caring for them yield citizens who will be nationalistic and respectful of authority  *PAGMAMAY-ARI* ownership is essential to life tendency to put high regard on possessions & attainments leads to: pagpapahalaga sa sariling bayan, pagkain, pinag-aralan, pag- iimpok “pag may isinuksok , may madudukot” Ang anak ay kayamanan  *PAGDADAMAYAN* arises from the value of pakikipagkapwa-tao which is expanded by attitudes of utang na loob, reciprocity, and pagpupuno sa kakulangan  *CLANNISHNESS* Filipino kinship system Pagkakamag-anakan which uses not only blood relationship but ritual & cermonies as well arises pakikipagbarkada, forming peer group leads individual to love his own group Taken into extreme, this may also lead to kanya-kanya syndrome  *BAHALA NA* value based on ethnical-religious belief that views the world and man’s relation to it: man is governed by set of forces beyond his control thinking that things are as they are & will be what they will be, one accepts situation without complaints (pagtitiis, pasensya/ pagtitimpi) swerte/malas, “Talagang ganyan ang buhay”  *HIYA (SHAME)* reinforces the obligations to respect parents & elders, to obey authorities, to be loyal to one’s family & to repay an utang na loob caused by a lack or uncertainty of social approval an individual who feels this either retreat into his shell, fight back, or rarely admit one’s guilt  *GAYA-GAYA* sociologists point out that Filipinos are likely to imitate others prevalent in the Filipinos’ attempt to imitate items made in other countries may lead to pakitang-tao if taken on individual level  *MACHISMO* double-standard morality there have always been two separate standard: standards that define what is masculine & what is feminine concept of masculinity has always been related to strength, conquest, etc. arises from the practice in Filipino family that boys are given more freedom but lesser responsibilities & girls opposite concept of masculinity gives rise to the practice of querida system