Post-Mortem Inspection I PDF

Post-Mortem Inspection I  Learning Outcomes Identify the 5 principles of Post-mortem disposition. Apply the 5 principles of Post-mortem disposition to various common diseases identified at Federal slaughter facilities. PM inspection: Combines information: Clinical signs noted at A...

Post-Mortem Inspection I  Learning Outcomes Identify the 5 principles of Post-mortem disposition. Apply the 5 principles of Post-mortem disposition to various common diseases identified at Federal slaughter facilities. PM inspection: Combines information: Clinical signs noted at AM and Pathological processes at PM To effect a final disposition on an animal carcass. OCCURS: Post Ante-mortem inspection & slaughter Latin term “post-mortem” meaning ‘after death”. The inspection site routines vary for each species by: anatomical differences diseases dressing procedures. Most importantly, the establishment must have a method of identifying the carcass and all its parts.  Visual: Obvious lesions or (discoloration) are noted. Olfaction: detect..acetone, uraemia… Palpation: abscesses, neoplasms. Incision of enlarged lymph nodes to detect tissue pathology.  https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/butchers-using-digital-tablet-to- analyze-products-royalty-free-image/1177127838?adppopup=true  All cattle  tonsils  distal ileum  Head Inspection Outer surface: contamination, epithelioma, actinomycosis, abscesses Incise & observe lymph nodes (parotid, mandibular, retropharyngeal) - for TB lesions, & enlarged lymph nodes with actinomycosis, actinobacillosis, epithelioma, and abscesses. Masseter muscles:cysticercosis (Taenia saginata), eosinophilic myositis Tongue-Actinobacillosis Atrophic rhinitis (pigs) 10 AMI: Head Inspection… Atrophic rhinitis  Visceral Inspection Oesophagus: Cysticercosis (T. saginata) Tracheobronchial & mediastinal lymph nodes In the pluck (lungs, liver, heart),...tumours, pericarditis,pleuritis, pneumonia;TB lesions abdominal viscera: liver (flukes, abscesses) & bile ducts, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes. Fao.org Liver abscess as a result of portocaval thromboembolism in a Holstein-Friesian cow Abscesses of the Liver https://www.semanticscho lar.org/paper/Sheep-scab- remains-a- problem./1d0e1d1f655c68 78221662b431c0ba82aebf a018  https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/bu tcher-inspecting-side-of-beef-royalty-free- image/200395336-001?adppopup=true  Reasons for whole carcass condemnations of cattle in the US & implications for producer education and veterinary intervention. White et al., 2009 AM PM Malignant lymphoma[BLV] Dead on arrival Pneumonia Downer Epithelioma Depressed Peritonitis Epithelioma Septicaemia (beef cows) Pyrexia Sometimes emaciated Eg: Excision of an abscess from a ham or badly bruised chicken limb & passing remaining normal tissue for food. Heads affected with Actinomycosis or Actinobacillosis condemned except when disease is slight, localized, and without lymph node involvement. By kind permission of Leonard ‘Sam’ Mansley https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/bruise Localized disease process when the immune system contains pathological changes and there is no systemic involvement. Generalization occurs: systemic involvement defined by: 1. the Lymphatic or Circulatory system 2. Acute versus chronic Examination of lymphatic system invaluable: Distinguishes: localization vs generalization. A determination must be made as to whether the lymph nodes affected drain only the area of the primary lesion (localization), or areas other than site of the primary lesion. The Lymphatic or Circulatory system Circulatory system: equally important role in a determination of whether disease is localized or generalised Haematogenous spread resulting in Abscessation occurring simultaneously in the viscera, bone, muscle. Local or systemic bacterial infection (septicemia) Carcass disposition depends on severity Localized – trimmed away Multiple lesions in multiple organs - condemnation Acute disease generally of more significance, than chronic. Acute lesions often generalized because of the body's inability to limit the infection. Acute + infectious conditions that cause septicaemias anthrax pyemias toxemias and viremias. State of an advanced generalized [systemic] disease process Septicemic lesions, nearly always acute, resulting from many diseases and form criteria for a large % of carcass condemnations.  http://www.fao.org/3/t0756e/T0756E05.htm  described as a generalized abscessation. It is a form of septicemia involving pyogenic organisms and is characterized by multiple foci or suppuration or abscessation. The primary cause of pus production in pyaemia, is invasion by the staphylococcus and streptococcus directly, into wounds or abrasions, but there are other microorganisms which cause the formation of pus. Vital function impaired: whole carcass condemned Uremia: due to obstructive urinary calculi. Icterus :impaired liver function. e.g. bile duct obstruction. Generalized edema due to congestive heart failure. Emaciation..as earlier described Urinary calculi often reported in feedlot steers but rare in females because of the shortness & dilatability of urethra. The obstruction of the urethra may result in:  rupture of the urinary bladder leading to infiltration of urine into the tissues and the production of a uremic odor to the carcass when the abdominal cavity is opened.   Fao.org  Uremia as caused by obstructive urinary calculi or pyelonephritis. Icterus caused by impaired liver function. e.g. bile duct obstruction. Generalized edema due to congestive heart failure. Emaciation…. Muscle wasting less fat content Acetonaemic scent to meat. Affected carcass unfit for food.