Polymers PDF - Archaeological Materials Science

Summary

These notes describe polymers, focusing on their properties, types, and classifications. It also includes examples of natural and synthetic polymers and a brief description of polymerization.

Full Transcript

‫‪Polymers‬‬ ‫اﻟﺑوﻟﯾﻣﯾرات‬ ‫ﻣن ”‪ “poly‬و ”‪“meros‬‬ ‫اﺟزاء‬ ‫ﻣﺗﻌددة‬ ‫اﻟﺑوﻟﯾﻣر‪ :‬ﺟزيء ﯾﺗﻛون ﻣن وﺣدات ﻣﺗﻛررة‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻛرﺑون ﺷﺑﯾﮭﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺳﻠﺳﻠﺔ ﺗﺳﻣﻰ‬...

‫‪Polymers‬‬ ‫اﻟﺑوﻟﯾﻣﯾرات‬ ‫ﻣن ”‪ “poly‬و ”‪“meros‬‬ ‫اﺟزاء‬ ‫ﻣﺗﻌددة‬ ‫اﻟﺑوﻟﯾﻣر‪ :‬ﺟزيء ﯾﺗﻛون ﻣن وﺣدات ﻣﺗﻛررة‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻛرﺑون ﺷﺑﯾﮭﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺳﻠﺳﻠﺔ ﺗﺳﻣﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻣوﻧوﻣرات )‪.(monomers‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪ie n‬‬ ‫‪Sc‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣوﻧوﻣر ھو ﺟزيء ﻛرﺑوﻧﻲ ﺑﺳﯾط‬ ‫‪l‬‬ ‫‪s‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪ria‬‬ ‫‪M‬‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻠﻣرة )‪ (Polymerization‬ھﻲ ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺟﻣﻊ ‪a ani‬‬ ‫‪i‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬‫ﺑﯾن اﻟﻌدﯾد ﻣن اﻟﺟزﯾﺋﺎت اﻟﺻﻐﯾرة اﻟﻣﻌروﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﺳم ‪al Hour‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪log r. F.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣوﻧوﻣرات ﻓﻲ ﺳﻠﺳﻠﺔ ﻣﺗراﺑطﺔ ﺗﺳﺎھﻣﯾﺎ‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪D‬‬ ‫‪c‬‬ ‫‪h‬‬ ‫‪Ar‬‬ ‫اﻟﺑوﻟﯾﻣﯾرات ھﻲ اذا ً أي ﻣن اﻟﻣرﻛﺑﺎت اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻻﺻطﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ اﻟﻌدﯾدة اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗﻛون ﻣن ﻣﻼﯾﯾن‬ ‫اﻟﺟزﯾﺋﺎت اﻟﺑﺳﯾطﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻛررة اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻛرﺑون‬ ‫)‪.(monomers‬‬ Natural and synthetic polymers ‫اﻟﺑوﻟﯾﻣرات اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﯾﺔ واﻻﺻطﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ :‫ ﻣﺛل‬،‫ ﺗﺻﻧﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑر‬: ‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫ ﺗﺻﻧﻌﮭﺎ اﻟﻛﺎﺋﻧﺎت اﻟﺣﯾﺔ‬: ‫اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﯾﺔ‬ :‫ﻣﺛل‬ Cellulose ‫اﻟﺳﻠﯾﻠوز‬ Nylon c e ‫ﺷﯾﻼك‬ ie n Shellac c Neoprene ls S ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺑر‬ te ria Amber PVC M a an i ‫اﻟﺑروﺗﯾﻧﺎت‬ al H o u r Proteins i c Polystyrene o log r. F. Nucleic Acids ‫اﻷﺣﻣﺎض اﻟﻧووﯾﺔ‬ a e D Silicone ch Ar Hair and Fur ‫اﻟﺷﻌر واﻟﻔراء‬ Silly Putty ® Plastics Homopolymer and Copolymer Copolymer: Homopolymer: ‫ﺑوﻟﯾﻣر ﻣﻛون ﻣن ﻧوﻋﯾن ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﯾن أو أﻛﺛر ﻣن اﻟﻣوﻧوﻣرات‬ ‫ﺑوﻟﯾﻣر ﯾﺗﻛون ﻣن ﻧوع واﺣد ﻓﻘط ﻣن اﻟﻣوﻧوﻣرات‬ c e Sc ie n l s te ria M a an i i cal H o u r o log r. F. e D c ha Ar Different types of polymers c e Sc ie n l s te ria M a an i i cal H o u r o log r. F. e D c ha Ar

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