Pneumatic Symbols PDF

## Pneumatic Symbols ### Introduction Pneumatic symbols are a shorthand system of iconography used in the pneumatics industry to represent components and their functions. They are universally understood, making communication between manufacturers, operators, and service engineers easier. ### Stan...

## Pneumatic Symbols ### Introduction Pneumatic symbols are a shorthand system of iconography used in the pneumatics industry to represent components and their functions. They are universally understood, making communication between manufacturers, operators, and service engineers easier. ### Standards - The **International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO)** sets standards for the design, specification, and construction of various materials, objects, and technologies. - **ISO 14617** deals with graphical symbols used in diagrams, and **ISO 1219-1:2012** (a sub-division of ISO 14617) lays down the basic elements required to produce such symbols. - These standards are particularly relevant for *fluid power systems*, which include hydraulic and pneumatic systems. ### Pneumatic Cylinder Symbols Pneumatic cylinders are devices that convert compressed air into linear motion. #### Single-Acting Cylinders - Compressed air pushes the piston out. - Return is achieved by a spring. - Can be rod or rod-less. - The spring can be mounted at either the front or rear of the cylinder. #### Double-Acting Cylinders - Compressed air can be used to both extend and retract the piston. - Provide greater force than single-acting cylinders. - Used for both pushing and pulling. #### Other Types of Pneumatic Cylinders - **Fixed Mechanical Cushioning:** Provides cushioning for the piston as it reaches the end of its stroke. - **Adjustable Cushioning:** Allows for adjustment of cushioning depending on the load. - **Self-Adjusting Cushioning:** Automatically adjusts cushioning based on load. - **Through Rod:** The piston rod extends through both ends of the cylinder. - **Tandem Cylinder:** Two or more pistons are connected by a common piston rod. Used when a small bore or low pressure is needed to generate a high level of force. - **Rodless Cylinders:** Force is imparted by a magnetic, cable, or belt pulley system. ### Pneumatic Air Supply and Distribution Symbols #### Compressor - The symbol for a compressor is a circle with a diagonal arrow. - The diagonal arrow indicates variable displacement. - A fixed displacement compressor is represented by a circle without an arrow. #### Main Air - Represented by a circle with a dot at the center and a connecting line. #### Receiver - Represented by an elongated cylinder. - One or more solid lines leading in/out of the tank indicate intake/output lines. #### Manifold - Represented by a cross junction within a square. - Provides multiple connection points. #### Filter Regulator Units - **FRL Units:** An efficient way to combine **filtration, regulation, and lubrication**. - **Filter Regulator**: Filters out contaminants, regulates pressure, and provides lubrication. - **Manual Drain:** A manual method to drain the filter. - **Automatic Drain:** Automatically drains the filter. - **Pressure Gauge:** Provides pressure information. - **Electrical Regulation:** Regulates pressure electrically. #### Filter - Used to remove contaminants from compressed air. - Represented by a diamond shape. - Variations in the symbol can indicate drain type or if drainage is used. ##### Coalescing Filters - Attract moisture and oil particles. - Ideally used for liquid filtration. - May also attract other particles, such as rust. #### Regulators - Used to reduce input air pressure. - Pilot monitors output pressure. ### Pneumatic Valve Symbols - Valves control the flow of compressed air in pneumatic systems. - They are represented by various symbols that provide information about their function, actuation method, flow paths, valve positions, and ports. #### Port Types - **Port 1 (Main Air Supply):** Connected to the compressor or a similar device. - **Port 2 (Output Connection):** Connects to components to be actuated, such as cylinders. - **Port 3 (Exhaust):** Vents exhaust air to the atmosphere. - **Port 4 (Output Connection):** Connects to another component to be actuated. - **Port 5 (Exhaust):** Supplementary exhaust port used in conjunction with Port 3 in some valves. #### 3/2 Valve - A valve with two possible positions (open or closed). #### 5/2 Valve - A valve with two output and two exhaust ports. - Two different 3/2 valves are used to switch the valve's position. #### 5/3 Valve - A valve with three stages of operation. - Commonly used for double-acting cylinders. - Can have the center position blocked, open to exhaust, or pressurized. #### Pneumatic Actuator Control Valve Symbols - **Pilot Air Actuator** - **Solenoid Actuator** - **Manual Actuators:** Pushbuttons, levers, rollers, toggles, etc. ### Lockable Isolation Valves - Restrict airflow when servicing pneumatic equipment. - Often positioned before the FRL unit. ### Soft Start Valves - Limit the amount of air input to the valve. - Gradually build up pressure in the downstream system. - Vent excess air. - Open fully once a pre-set downstream pressure is achieved. - Used to reduce wear and tear on pneumatic systems. ### Pneumatic Flow Control Valves - Regulate the pressure or flow rate of compressed air. - Unidirectional valves: regulate flow in one direction. - Bi-directional valves: regulate flow in both directions. - Manual actuation or more complex electrical signals. - Used to control the speed of pneumatic systems. ### Non-Return or Check Valve - Prevents the flow of air in the opposite direction. ### Unidirectional Flow Control Valve - Restricts the flow of air in one direction. - Allows free flow in the other direction. - Used to control the speed of pneumatic systems. ### Bidirectional Flow Control Valve - Allows free flow of air in either direction. ### Fixed Value Flow Control Valve - Reduces pressure to a fixed value. - No check valve or variable arrow. ### Pneumatic Logic Valves - Use air logic to control the flow of air in pneumatic systems. - Similar in function to electronic logic gates. - Used where traditional control methods might be problematic due to moisture, dust, or other environmental factors. ### Pneumatic 'AND' Valve - Requires two input signals to be present simultaneously for an output signal. ### Pneumatic 'OR' Valve - Allows airflow to pass through from either or both of two input sources. ### Quick Exhaust Valve - Quickly vents exhaust air to the atmosphere. ### Pneumatic Vacuum Systems - Used for pulling objects towards an air source. - Often preferred for directing materials to a single location or lifting objects. - Fewer issues with leakage compared to pneumatic systems. #### Vacuum Generator Symbols - Represented by a circle with a port for input air and one or more ports for the output vacuum. #### Vacuum Filter - Used to remove contaminants from the vacuum stream. #### Vacuum Silencers - Used to reduce noise from venting exhaust air. ### Related Posts - Pneumatic vs Electrical Actuators - How to Maintain and Clean Air Filters in a Pneumatic System - How to Maintain a Pneumatic Cylinder - 9 Signs Your Pneumatic Cylinders Need Replacing ### Get More Content to Your Inbox - Subscribe to receive more content on pneumatics. This content is extracted from the provided document with emphasis on the descriptions and symbols associated with the specific components. I have used headings, lists, and other markdown features for clarity and organization.