Philippine Literature PDF

Philippine Literature Luna Soleil B. Bueno MT2B // University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Medical Center - Novel – a long narrative divided MODULE 1 – INTRO, TYPES, &...

Philippine Literature Luna Soleil B. Bueno MT2B // University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Medical Center - Novel – a long narrative divided MODULE 1 – INTRO, TYPES, & into several chapters and usually ELEMENTS taken from true-to-life events. - Short Story – an organized plot TABLE OF CONTENTS usually with a single impression I. Types of Literature - Fable – story that uses animals as A. Fiction characters and with moral lesson B. Non-Fiction - Parable – story used by Jesus in II. Types of Poetry teaching the Good News A. Narrative - Plays- presented on stage, divided B. Lyrical into acts and each act has many C. Dramatic III. Elements of a Story scenes. A. Characters non-fiction B. Plot C. Settings - Essays – expresses a viewpoint or D. Point of View opinion of a writer about a particular E. Conflict problem or event. F. Theme - Biography – life story of a person written by another person - News – collection of articles about TYPES OF LITERATURE various current events - Magazine – collection of articles regarding the lifestyle of man - Oration- a formal treatment of a subject and is intended to be spoken in public. - Anecdote – a brief story, revealing an account of an individual person or an incident. Prose Types Poetry Types fiction narrative poetry - Myth – story about gods and goddesses - Epic – a narrative poem about - Legend – story about the origin of a supernatural powers possessed by place or a thing heroes and heroines  Philippine Literature Luna Soleil B. Bueno MT2B // University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Medical Center - Ballad – a poem with harmony and - Tragedy- involves a hero struggling rhythm, usually referred to as a mightily against dynamic forces; song accompanying a dance. involves death or ruin without - Metrical Tale – is written in verse success or satisfaction. and can be classified either a ballad - Melodrama- usually used in musical or a metrical romance; it deals with plays with the opera the emotions or phase of life and - Farce- is an exaggerated comedy the story is told in a simple, - Social Poems- either purely comic straightforward and realistic or tragic and pictures the life of manner. today lyric poetry ELEMENTS OF A STORY - Awit or Song – a lyric poem with 12 syllables, with melodious harmony Characters and rhythm of a guitar or banduria. the person is a work of fiction - Sonnet – a poem consisting of 14 iambic pentameter lines - Protagonist A character clearly - Ode – a lyrical poem praising or central to the story with all major glorifying an event or individual, events having some importance to describing nature intellectually as him/her well as emotionally. - Antagonist The opposer of the - Elegy – a lament for the dead main character - Psalms(Dalit)- a song praising God the characteristic of a person or the Virgin Mary and containing a - Characterization - information that Philosophy of life the author gives the reader about - Folksongs(Awiting Bayan)- short the characters themselves. He may poems intended to be sung with reveal a character in several ways: common themes: love despair grief - his/her physical appearance doubt joy hope and sorrow - what he/she says, thinks, - Corridos(Kuridos)- have measures feels and dreams of eight syllables and usually - what he/she does or does recited to a martial beat not do dramatic poetry - what others say about - Comedy – a theatrical play with a him/her and how others happy ending react to him/her  Philippine Literature Luna Soleil B. Bueno MT2B // University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Medical Center - Characters are convincing if they are introduction/exposition consistent, motivated, and life-like - The beginning of the story where (resemble real people). the characters and the setting is - Characters are… revealed. - Individual: round, many sided and complex rising action personalities - This is where the events in the story - Dynamic: developing and become complicated and the conflict with many sided in the story is revealed (events personalities that change, for between the introduction and better or worse, by the end climax). of the story. - Static: Stereotype, have one climax or two characteristics that - This is the highest point of interest never change and are and the turning point of the story. emphasized e.g. brilliant The reader wonders what will detective, drunk, scrooge, happen next; will the conflict be cruel stepmother, etc. resolved or not? - The main character receives Plot new information - Accepts this information (realizes it but does not necessarily agree with it) - Acts on this information (makes a choice that will determine whether or not he/she gains his objective - plot is how the author arranges events to develop his basic idea; It falling action is the sequence of events in a story - The events and complications begin or play. The plot is a planned, to resolve themselves. The reader logical series of events having a knows what has happened next and beginning, middle, and end. The if the conflict was resolved or not short story usually has one plot so it (events between climax and can be read in one sitting denouement).  Philippine Literature Luna Soleil B. Bueno MT2B // University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Medical Center judgment being different denouement from that of an adult). - This is the final outcome or - The Stream of untangling of events in the story. Consciousness - The story is Settings told so that the reader feels as if they are inside the head - The time and location in which a of one character and knows story takes place all their thoughts and - place - geographical reactions. location. Where is the action - First Person - The story is of the story taking place? told by the protagonist or - time - When is the story one of the characters who taking place? (historical interacts closely with the period, time of day, year…) protagonist or other - weather conditions - Is it characters (using pronouns I, rainy, sunny, stormy, etc. me, we, etc). The reader - social conditions - What is sees the story through this the daily life of the person's eyes as he/she characters like? Does the experiences it and only story contain local color knows what he/she knows or (writing that focuses on the feels. speech, dress, mannerisms, - Omniscient- The author can customs, etc. of a particular narrate the story using the place)? omniscient point of view. He - mood or atmosphere - can move from character to What feeling is created at character, event to event, the beginning of the story? having free access to the Is it bright and cheerful or thoughts, feelings and dark and frightening? motivations of his characters Points of View and he introduces information where and when - is defined as the angle from which he chooses. the story is told. This may be identified as… omniscient limited - The Innocent Eye - The - The author tells the story in third story is told through the person (using pronouns they, she, eyes of a child (his/her  Philippine Literature Luna Soleil B. Bueno MT2B // University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Medical Center he, it, etc). We know only what the - Man vs. Society (social) - The character knows and what the leading character struggles against author allows him/her to tell us. We ideas, practices, or customs of other can see the thoughts and feelings of people. characters if the author chooses to - Man vs. Himself/Herself reveal them to us. (psychological) - The leading character struggles with omniscient objective himself/herself; with his/her own - The author tells the story in the soul, ideas of right or wrong, third person. It appears as though a physical limitations, choices, etc. camera is following the characters, going anywhere, and recording only Theme what is seen and heard. There is no - in a piece of fiction is its controlling comment on the characters or their idea or its central insight. It is the thoughts. No interpretations are author's underlying meaning or offered. The reader is placed in the main idea that he is trying to convey. position of spectator without the - The theme may be the author's author there to explain. The reader thoughts about a topic or view of has to interpret events on his own. human nature. The title of the short story usually points to what the Conflict writer is saying and he may use - External - A struggle with a force various figures of speech to outside one's self. emphasize his theme, such as: - Internal - A struggle within one's symbol, allusion, simile, metaphor, self; a person must make some hyperbole, or irony. decision, overcome pain, quiet their - things are not always as temper, resist an urge, etc they appear to be kinds of conflict - Love is blind - Believe in yourself - Man vs. Man (physical) - The - People are afraid of leading character struggles with his change physical strength against other men, - Don't judge a book by its forces of nature, or animals cover - Man vs. Circumstances (classical) - The leading character struggles against fate, or the circumstances of life facing him/her. Philippine Literature Luna Soleil B. Bueno MT2B // University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Medical Center