Physical Sciences Grade 10 Term 1 Revision PDF

Western Cape Education Department Directorate: Curriculum FET PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVISION BOOKLET and MARKING GUIDELINES TERM 1 Grade 10 This revision program is designed to assist you...

Western Cape Education Department Directorate: Curriculum FET PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVISION BOOKLET and MARKING GUIDELINES TERM 1 Grade 10 This revision program is designed to assist you in revising the critical content and skills covered during the 1st term. The purpose is to prepare you to understand the key concepts and to provide you with an opportunity to establish the required standard and the application of the knowledge necessary to succeed. Table of Contents Topic1: Transverse Waves, Longitudinal Waves and Sound Waves 2 Question 1 6 Question 2 7 Marking guidelines 9 Question 1 9 Question 2 10 Topic 2: Electrostatics 12 Question 3 13 Marking guidelines 15 Topic 1: Transverse Waves, Longitudinal Waves and Sound Waves Terminology Pulse It’s a single disturbance in a medium. Transverse It is a pulse in which the particles of the medium move at right Pulse angles to the direction of motion of the pulse. Amplitude It is the maximum disturbance of a particle from its rest (equilibrium) position. Principle of It is the algebraic sum of the amplitudes of two pulses that Superposition occupy the same space at the same time. Constructive The phenomenon where the crest of one pulse overlaps with the Interference crest of another to produce a pulse of increased amplitude. Destructive The phenomenon where the crest of one pulse overlaps with the Interference trough of another, resulting in a pulse of reduced amplitude. Transverse A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate at right Wave angles to the direction of motion of the wave. A transverse wave is a succession of transverse pulses. Wavelength The distance between two successive points in phase. Frequency The number of wave pulses per second. Period The time taken for one complete wave pulse. 2 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 Amplitude The maximum displacement of a particle from its equilibrium position. Crest Highest point (peak) on a wave. Trough Lowest point on a wave. Wave Speed The distance travelled by a point on a wave per unit time. Longitudinal A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the Wave direction of motion of the wave. 3 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 4 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 5 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 QUESTION 1 1.1 The frequency of a wave is defined as the … A lowest point on a wave. B time taken for one complete wave. C number of complete waves per second. D number of points in phase in a wavelength. (2) 1.2 When two wave crests overlap, the increase in amplitude is due to … A cancellation. B two waves in phase. C destructive interference. D constructive interference. (2) 1.3 The diagram below represents a transverse wave produced by source A. 1.3.1 Define the term amplitude of a wave. (2) 1.3.2 Write down the amplitude, in metres, of this wave. (1) 1.3.3 Determine the period of this wave. (1) 1.3.4 Calculate the speed of the wave if the wavelength is 0,8 m. (5) 1.3.5 Calculate the distance d on the diagram. (2) 6 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 1.4 The diagram below represents the transverse wave produced by source B. How does EACH of the following properties of the wave produced by source B compare to that of the wave produced by source A? Choose from GREATER THAN, SMALLER THAN or EQUAL TO. 1.4.1 Amplitude (1) 1.4.2 Frequency (1) 1.5 Calculate the frequency of the wave produced by source B. (3) QUESTION 2 2.1 In which ONE of the following do sound waves travel the FASTEST? A Air B Liquids C Solids D Vacuum (2) 2.2 The amplitude of a sound wave is increased without changing the frequency. How does this change affect the loudness and pitch of the sound? LOUDNESS PITCH A Decreases Decreases B Decreases Increases C Increases Unchanged D Increases Increases (2) 7 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 2.3 A sound wave is produced by a source placed a certain distance from a building as shown below. The echo reaches the source after 8 seconds. The speed of sound in air is 340 m·s-1. 2.3.1 Define the term longitudinal wave. (2) 2.3.2 Calculate the distance between the sound source and the building. (4) 2.3.3 Name the property of a sound wave that influences its pitch. (1) 2.3.4 Above which frequency is a sound wave classified as ultrasound? (1) 2.3.5 Name ONE use of ultrasound in the medical treatment of patients. (1) 8 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 Marking Memoranda Question 1 1.1 C ✓✓ (2) 1.2 D ✓✓ (2) 1.3.1 (2) 1.3.2 0,5 m ✓ (1) 1.3.3 T=8s ✓ (1) 1.3.4 Positive marking from Question 3.3.3 Positiewe nasien van Vraag 3.3.3 (5) 9 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 1.3.5 Positive marking from Question 3.3.4 Positiewe nasien van Vraag 3.3.4 (2) 1.4.1 Greater than/Groter as ✓ (1) 1.4.2 Greater than/Groter as ✓ (1) 1.5 (3) Question 2 2.1 C ✓✓ (2) 2.2 C ✓✓ (2) 2.3.1 (2) 10 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 2.3.2 (4) 2.3.3 Frequency/ Frekwensie ✓ (1) 2.3.1 20 kHz ✓ (1) 2.3.5 Diagnosis of medical condition/pregnancy. ✓ Diagnose van medies toestand/swangerskap. (1) 11 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 12 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023  Terminology Electrons Negative particles occupying space around nucleus. Elementary charge An indivisible unit of charge i.e.1,6 x 10-19 C. Neutrons Neutral particles in the atomic nucleus. Protons Positive particles in atomic nucleus. The partial or complete polar separation of positive and Polarisation (of charge) negative electric charge in a system. Quantization (of Division of charge in smaller units charge) Principle of Charge cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be conservation of charge transferred from one object to another. Principle of charge Every stable and independent object has a charge that is quantization an integer multiple of the elementary charge. A type of contact electrification in which certain materials become electrically charged after they come into contact Triboelectric charging with another different material and are then separated (Triboelectric effect) (such as through rubbing). The polarity and strength of the charges produced differ according to the materials. QUESTION 3 3.1 A rod acquires a negative charge after it has been rubbed with wool. Which ONE of the following best explains why this happens? A. Positive charges are transferred from the rod to the wool. B. Negative charges are transferred from the rod to the wool. C. Positive charges are transferred from the wool to the rod. D. Negative charges are transferred from the wool to the rod. (2) 3.2 A rubber balloon obtains a negative charge after it has been rubbed against human hair. Which ONE of the statements below best explains why this happens? A. Negative charges are transferred from the rubber balloon to the human hair. B. Positive charges are transferred from the rubber balloon to the human hair. C. Positive charges are transferred from the human hair to the rubber balloon. D. Negative charges are transferred from the human hair to the rubber balloon. (2) 13 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 3.3 A learner in a Physical S ciences class rubs his hair with a plastic rod. The rod becomes negatively charged. The learner now opens a tap so that a thin stream of water runs from it. When the rod is brought close to the water without touching it, it is observed that the water bends toward the rod, as shown in the diagram below. 3.3.1 Write down the principle of conservation of charge in words. (2) 3.3.2 Give a reason why the stream of water bends towards the rod. (2) During the rubbing process 1014 electrons are transferred to the rod. 3.3.3 Calculate the net charge now carried by the rod. (4) 3.4Two small identical spheres, A and B, are suspended on long silk threads, as shown in the sketch below. The spheres carry charges of +3 x 10-6 C and -2 x 10-6 C respectively. 3.4.1 Which sphere has an excess of electrons? (1) 3.4.2 The two spheres are allowed to touch. Will the electrons be transferred from A to B or B to A? (1) The spheres are now separated 3.4.3 Calculate the new charge on sphere B. (3) 3.4.4 Calculate the number of electrons transferred during contact. (3) 14 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023 MARKING GUIDELINES QUESTION 3 3.1 D (2) 3.2 D (2) 3.3.1 In an isolated system the total/net charge remains constant ACCEPT In an isolated system charge is neither created nor destroyed (2) 3.3.2 The water molecule has a positive charge and is attracted toward the rod.  OR The positive end of the water molecules are attractedto the negatively charged rod. OR Unlike charges attract.  The positive end of the water molecules are attracted to the negatively charged comb. (2) 3.3.3 (4) 3.4.1 B (1) 3.4.2 B to A  (1) 3.4.3 (3) 3.4.4 15 Revision: Grade 10 Term 1 2023