Philosophy Of The Self PDF

Summary

This document presents a lecture on the Philosophy of the Self, covering various historical and contemporary perspectives on the concept of self from different philosophical thinkers. It explores key figures and their ideas, showcasing the different viewpoints on the nature of the self.

Full Transcript

PHILOSOPHY OF THE SELF LECTURER: GERARDINE JOSEFINA L. SAYO, MD PSYCHIATRY AND GERIATRIC MEDICINE PHILOSOPHY  The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality and existence.  Finding answers to serious questions about ourselves and the world  E...

PHILOSOPHY OF THE SELF LECTURER: GERARDINE JOSEFINA L. SAYO, MD PSYCHIATRY AND GERIATRIC MEDICINE PHILOSOPHY  The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality and existence.  Finding answers to serious questions about ourselves and the world  E.g. what is life?  why do I exist  what is my purpose in living  Involves questioning existing knowledge with the aim of knowing the truth  Morality of certain practices in the world (what and why)  PHILO (LOVE)  SOPHIA (WISDOM)  TERM FIRST USED BY PYTHAGORAS Through Philosophy we obtain skills such as - Critical thinking - Argument skills - Communication - Reasoning - Analysis - Problem solving Philosophy allows us to  Justify our opinion  Spot a bad argument  Explain to people the right and wrong of things  Search for meaning and truth  Examples-- Philosophers  Socrates - “Know thyself” - “an unexamined life is not worth living (reflection) - Dualistic- Man has body and soul - Body- finite, changeable and imperfect (physical realm) - Soul- Permanent, unchangeable and Perfect (ideal realm) - These realms are dichotomous - Soul strives for wisdom and perfection through reason - Focusing to bodily needs prevents wisdom - Meaningful life- virtues and values– soul-searching PLATO  Self can be explained as a process of knowledge and purification of soul  Existence of mind and soul- in perfection with God  3 parts of soul  1. rational soul- intellectual/ thinking soul, wise choices, understanding  2. spirited soul- emotion and passion  3. appetitive soul- basic needs to live  Dynamic relationship among the three.  Rational soul resolves conflict and control spiritual and appetitive soul to achieve genuine happiness CHOICE/FREE WILL ST. AUGUSTINE  INTEGRATED PLATO AND CHRISTIANITY  I AM DOUBTING, THEREFORE I AM  SOUL IS UNITED WITH BODY TO BE COMPLETE  HUMANKIND IS CREATED IN THE IMAGE AND LIKENESS OF GOD  MAN IS GOOD  KNOWLEDGE OF GOD RESULTS TO SELF KNOWLEDGE RENE DESCARTES  “I THINK THEREFORE I AM”- COGITO ERGO SUN  COGITO- THING THAT THINKS (MIND)  EXTENZA- EXTENSION (BODY) JOHN LOCKE THE SELF IS CONSCIOUSNESS- CONSCIOUSNESS- NECESSARY FOR KNOWLEDGE OF SELF OR PERSONAL IDENTITY IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS HUMAN MIND AT BIRTH IS BLANK SLATE (TABULA RASA) BABY LEARNS THROUGH EXPERIENCE IMMANUEL KANT  “WE CONSTRUCT THE SELF”  SELF GIVES ALL THEIR PERSONALITY AND KNOWLEDGE  SELF CONSTRUCTS ITS OWN REALITY  SELF CREATES FAMILIAR AND PREDICTABLE WORLD  THROUGH OUR RATIONALITY, THE SELF TRANSCENDS SENSE EXPERIENCE SIGMUND FREUD  TOPOGRAPHY OF MIND- LIKENED TO ICEBERG UNCONSCIOUS, PRECONSCIOUS, CONSCIOUS- CONSCIOUS- TIP OF ICEBERG UNCONSCIOUS- MAJORITY OF BEHAVIOR  STRUCTURES OF PERSONALITY 1. ID- PLEASURE PRINCIPLE 2. EGO- REALITY PRINCIPLE 3. SUPEREGO- MORAL ARM  PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT  DEFENSE MECHANISMS GILBERT RYLE  “THE SELF IS THE WAY PEOPLE BEHAVE”  “I ACT THEREFORE I AM”- REFERS TO ONE’S BEHAVIOR  SELF- SEEN AS BODILY BEHAVIOR PAUL CHURCHLAND  “THE SELF IS THE BRAIN”  SELF IS INSEPARABLE FROM BRAIN AND PHYSIOLOGY  IF THERE IS NO BRAIN, THERE IS NO SELF  MIND IS IMAGINATION, DOES NOT EXIST MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY  “THE SELF IS EMBODIED SUBJECTIVITY”  ALL KNOWLEDGE OF OURSELVES AND THE WORLD IS BASED ON SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE  THE SELF CAN NEVER BE COMPLETELY OBJECTIVE  MIND-BODY BIFURCATION IS INVALID REFERENCES OF TEXTS AND PHOTOS  HAROLD KAPLAN AND BENJAMIN SADDOCK, KAPLAN AND SADDOCK’S SYNOPSIS OF PSYCHIATRY  LARA TEREZA ARCILLAS PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES OF THE SELF ONLINE CLASS  THE SCHOOL OF LIFE- PSYCHOTHERAPY SIGMUND FREUD  KENDRA CHERRY VERY WELL MIND  PROF. RONUEL DEL ROSARIO UNDERSTANDING THE SELF  FLAVIA MEDRUT GOALCAST  QUORA.COM  MASATO SANU THE CONCEPT OF THE SELF  ERWIN MARLON SARIO UNDERSTANDING THE SELF IN PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE  MARIA BERNADETTE MACASAET PHILOSOPHY 3  STUDY.COM ALIDA D. OF NEW JERSEY THE SELF AS THE BRAIN ACCORDING TO PAUL CHURCHLAND  LYNDA BURTON AZQUOTES.COM

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