Philosophical Perspective of Self

Philosophical Perspective of Self Learning Objectives: At the end of the Compare & contrast lesson, the students 02. how the self has been should be able to: represented across different discipline &...

Philosophical Perspective of Self Learning Objectives: At the end of the Compare & contrast lesson, the students 02. how the self has been should be able to: represented across different discipline & perspective Discuss the 01. different Demonstrate a representation s of reflective thought in self from various 03. analyzing the perspective development of self & identify by developing a theory of self  PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES What is Philosophy? >Greek words : Philos and Sophia >Meaning : Love for wisdom >Study of acquiring knowledge through rational thinking and inquiries that involve in answering questions regarding thenature and existence of man and the world we live in Socrates - First martyr of education, knowledge and philosophy His philosophy underlies in the importance of the notion ”know thy self” Men’s goal in life is to obtain happiness Understanding ourselves is through internal questioning or introspection (understanding our strengths and weaknesses; likes and dislikes) The Socratic method- the so called introspection is a method of carefully examining our thoughts and emotions- to gain self knowledge  Socrates – was the first thinker to focus on the full power of reason on the human self  Who we are  Who we should be  Who we should become Plato > student of Socrates  Followed the idea of Socrates on knowing thyself  > According to him a person who is a follower of truth and wisdom will not be tempted by vices and will always be correct/moral/ethical> ARISTOTLE  The body & soul are not two separate elements but are one thing  The soul is what makes a person person, It is the essence of the self ST. AUGUSTINE >I Am doubting, therefore I am >Integrated the ideas of plato & Christianity >Developed a more unified perspective on the body & soul  The soul is what governs and defines the human person or the self  The soul is unitied with the body so that man may be entire & complete RENE DESCARTES I THINK THEREFORE I AM >keystone of Descartes concept of self >the actual thinking about the self of being self conscious- is in itself proof that there is self > The essence of the self- a thinking entity that doubts, understands, analyzes, questions and reasons JOHN LOCKE THE SELF IS CONSCIOUS  The human mind at birth is tabularasa  The self is constructed from sense experiences( what we see, hear, smell, taste and feel  Using the power of reason and introspection enbles people to understand and achieve accurate conclusions about the self DAVID HUME THERE IS NO SELF > if people will carefully examine their sense experience through the process of introspection , they will discover that there is no self  What people experience is just a bundle or collection of different perceptions, impressions, sensations, ideas, thoughts and images  The idea of personal identity is a result of imagination IMMANUEL KANT WE CONSTRUCT THE SELF >the self that makes experiencing an intelligible world possible because it is the self that is actively organizing and synthesizing all of our thoughts and perceptions The self constructs its own reality creating a world that is familiar and predictable Gilbert Ryle THE SELF IS THE WAY PEOPLE BEHAVE >The self is best understood as a pattern of behavior  I act therefore I am Paul and Patricia Churchland THE SELF IS THE BRAIN >The self is inseparable from the brain >the physical brain and not the imaginary mind, gives us our sense of self  The mind does not exist Maurice Merleau- Ponty THE SELF EMBODIED SUBJECTIVITY  All knowledge of ourselves and our world is based on the subjective experience  The self can never be truly objectifies or known in a completely objective sort of way