PHILO-WEEK2.pdf

Prepared by Ma’am Manie  Principles of Philosophy Branches of Philosophy  Kindly tell the importance on how to acknowledge one’s strengths and weaknesses.  Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life. (PPT11/12-Ib-1.3) Do a philosophical...

Prepared by Ma’am Manie  Principles of Philosophy Branches of Philosophy  Kindly tell the importance on how to acknowledge one’s strengths and weaknesses.  Realize the value of doing philosophy in obtaining a broad perspective on life. (PPT11/12-Ib-1.3) Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete situation from a holistic perspective. (PPT11/12-Ic- 1.4)  comes from the Greek word “holos” – all, entire, totality  aims to determine and explain the whole or totality of a given system by examining the behaviors and activities of certain component parts.  way or method how one sees or perceives the reality or a phenomenon.  Looks at all aspects of the Looks only at a limited given problem or situation. number of aspects of the All aspects are given given problem or situation. importance when making Conclusions are made conclusions. based on considering All aspects are tied in some, but not all, sides of together to form a general overview of the problem or the problem or situation. situation. Farmers have problems in eradicating beetles but before coming up with a solution they consider the different impacts on the environment and will not cause disaster. Juan condemns an artist that went viral for giving his/her opinion about the shutting down of a TV network. Mia spread gossip about a person being infected of Covid-19 without assessing the reliability of the source of information. Instead of judging every single person went viral online. Mika chooses to reserve her judgment until she get all the facts regarding what made those people act in that matter. Kath act as a mediator of her two friends having an argument rather than taking one side.  Right after watching a TV show, a child concluded that everything she had watched is correct. 1. Use the principles, theories, and findings of science in contradistinction of dictum and jargon of philosophy. 2. Use the Marcellian way as presented by the Philosopher Gabriel Marcel. 3. The difference between the shadow and reality from Plato’s masterpiece, the Allegory of Cave.  Science is widely accepted and is good and reliable source of knowledge, information and data.  Science uses a standard to identify whether a certain discovery is scientific or not through experimentation and observation.  However, science is limited, it cannot answer everything in this world. Like for example, we cannot prove the existence of God specifically or through the use of scientific method of experiementation.  It cannot tell us what is moral and what is not, what is right or wrong specifically in the rules of behavior. The truth is science cannot solve everything particularly on ethical issues and problems. Examines its object by abstraction, by analytically breaking down into its constituent parts. It is concerned with definitions, essences and technical solutions to problems. It’s synthetic; it unifies rather than divides. Roughly, we can say that where primary reflection tends to dissolve the unity of experience which is first put before it, the function of secondary reflection is essentially recuperative; it conquers that unity. (Marcel)  (Objective) (Subjective) Biological functioning of Having a “life” organs. Ex: Breathing, Having a career, friends, Beating of the heart. loved ones, problems, happiness etc.  (Objective) (Subjective) Structure, design, size of a It is more of a structure. It house is a home where relationships are built in the context of a family.  (Objective) (Subjective) Expression of feelings It is may mean giving reduced as a chemical oneself to others. reaction in the brain.  The “Allegory of the Cave” is a theory put forward by Plato, concerning human perception. Plato claimed that knowledge gained through the senses is no more than opinion and that, to have real knowledge, we must gain it through philosophical reasoning.  In the “Allegory of the Cave”, Plato distinguishes between people who mistake sensory knowledge for the truth and people who really do see the truth.  The Cave Imagine a cave, in which there are three prisoners. The prisoners are tied to some rocks, their arms and legs are bound and their head is tied so that they cannot look at anything but the stonewall in front of them.  The Cave These prisoners have been here since birth and have never seen outside of the cave. Behind the prisoners is a fire, and between them is a raised walkaway.  The Cave People outside the cave walk along this walkway carrying things on their head, including; animals, plants, wood and stone.  The Shadows So, imagine that you are one of the prisoners. You cannot look at anything behind or to the side of you – you must look at the wall in front of you.  The Shadows When people walk along the walkway, you can see shadows of the objects they are carrying cast onto the wall. If you had never seen real objects, you would believe that the shadows of objects were “real”.  The Game Plato suggests that the prisoners would begin a “game” of guessing which shadow would appear next.  The Escape One of the prisoners then escaped from their bindings and left the cave. He is shocked at the world. He discovers outside the cave and does not believe it can be real.  The Escape As he becomes used to his new surroundings, he realizes that his former view of reality was wrong.  The Escape He begins to understand his new world, sees that the Sun is the source of life, and goes on an intellectual journey where he discovers beauty and meaning. He sees that his former life, and the guessing game they played is useless.  The Return The prisoner returns to the cave, to inform the other prisoners of his findings.  The Return They do not believe him and threaten to kill him if he tries to set them free. The Allegory of the Cave by Plato is a classic example of using the process of reflection in philosophizing Students will create a scenario that shows the holistic and partial point of view that they experience on a daily life basis  Clarity of Scenario – 10 pts. Identification of views – 10 pts. Real-life relevance – 10 pts. ☺