Philippine Presidents' Contributions.pdf

ONGOS, JEAN T. BSA – 2 MW 8:30-10:00 AM Philippine Presidents and Their Contributions to Science and Technology President Emilio Aguinaldo (1899-1901) He may not have made direct contributions to science and technology, his le...

ONGOS, JEAN T. BSA – 2 MW 8:30-10:00 AM Philippine Presidents and Their Contributions to Science and Technology President Emilio Aguinaldo (1899-1901) He may not have made direct contributions to science and technology, his leadership and actions during the Philippine Revolution and the establishment of the First Philippine Republic laid the foundation for the development of science, technology, and society in the Philippines. President Manuel L. Quezon (1935-1944) Established the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP): This council aimed to promote scientific research and development in the country, laying the foundation for a more organized approach to scientific advancement. President Sergio Osmeña (1944-1946) His administration worked on infrastructure development, economic recovery, and social welfare programs to address the challenges faced by the country in the aftermath of the war. Support the Technology Application and Promotion Institute of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST). President José P. Laurel (1943-1945) Engaged in the sale of Food and medicine particularly the Sulfathiazole and quinine for aiding the soldiers. Underground Papers, mostly typewritten or mimeographed proliferated to provide the people with counter information. Reopening of Vocational and Normal Schools of Agriculture, Engineering, Medicine and Fisheries. President Manuel Roxas (1946-1948) His administration demonstrated decisively that political sovereignty without economic independence encourages reaction, perpetuation of social injustices, and development of a scientific organization.  Roxas prioritized infrastructure projects to modernize the country and improve transportation networks (roads, bridges, ports etc.) Concentrating on the sugar industry President Elpidio Quirino (1948-1953) Marked by notable postwar reconstruction, general economic gains, and increased economic aid from the United States. Rebuilding infrastructure, promoting industrialization, and attracting foreign investments. Focused on agricultural development as a means to alleviate poverty and promote rural prosperity. Improving agricultural productivity through modernization and technology adoption. Supported the establishments of several industrial plants and projects at strategic point all over the country thereby mobilizing its economic resources and ushering in an era of industrialization. President Ramon Magsaysay (1953-1957) Magsaysay worked in the private sector, including having pioneered the cable television industry in the country in the 1970s–ultimately being deemed the Father of Cable Television in the Philippines. Magsaysay's presidency predates the modern era of technology and innovation in the Philippines. Magsaysay was committed to agrarian reform and rural development. This includes promotion of cooperative farming initiatives; Agrarian reform-creation of NARRA (National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration). Magsaysay's administration prioritized infrastructure projects (roads, bridges, ports and irrigation systems) which contributed to improved transportation and agricultural productivity. His administration invested in the construction of schools and hospitals. He recognized the importance of scientific research and technological advancements for national development. His government provided support for scientific research institutions.  Even promoted the adoption of appropriate technologies in various sectors, including agriculture and industry. President Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961) Following his predecessor, he improved the irrigation systems, and promoted modern farming techniques. Invested on infrastructure projects (roads, bridges, ports, and airports). He recognized the importance of scientific research and technological advancement for national progress. “An Act to Promote Scientific, Engineering and Technological Research, Invention and Development,” it is among the earliest declarations of the Philippine state's interest in pursuing advancements in the fields of science and technology President Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965) Development of “Miracle Rice” (IR-8 variety) by the International Rice Research Institute in 1964 Efforts were made to increase access to schooling, particularly in rural areas, and to enhance the quality of education provided to Filipino students. His government supported scientific institutions and research programs, laying the foundation for future advancements in science and technology in the country. Philippine Science High School Curriculum is to nurture scholars to become holistic individual who are humanistic in spirit, global in perspective, patriotic in orientation, and well- prepared to pursue a STEM career which will contribute to nation-building. President Ferdinand E. Marcos (1965-1986) Establishment of National Science Development Board (NSDB): Founded in 1958 to coordinate science and technology development and provide funding for research projects. National Science and Technology Authority (NSTA): Created in 1981 to implement policies for science and technology development.  Investment in Nuclear Energy: Directed resources towards nuclear research and established the Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI) in 1963 for nuclear energy exploration. Promotion of Agricultural Research: Established the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in 1960 to develop high-yield rice varieties and improve food security. President Corazon C. Aquino (1986-1992) Replaced the National Science and Technology Authority with the Department of Science and Technology (DOST): This elevated the status of science and technology, recognizing its crucial role in national development. Prioritized science and technology development for economic recovery: She emphasized the importance of science and technology in achieving economic recovery and sustained growth. Created the Presidential Task Force for Science and Technology: This task force developed the first Science and Technology Master Plan (STMP), aiming to achieve newly industrialized country status by the year 2000. Encouraged scientists and inventors: She urged scientists and inventors to contribute to the Philippines' scientific advancement, aiming to regain its former position as second only to Japan in the field of science and technology. Implemented the Free Public Secondary Education Act of 1988: This act provided free education up to the secondary level, expanding access to education and potentially fostering a more scientifically literate population. President Fidel V. Ramos (1992-1998) Philippines 2000 Plan: Launched a strategic plan focusing on technological modernization and information infrastructure. Established the Magna Carta for Science and Technology Personnel: This law provided benefits and incentives for science and technology personnel, recognizing their contributions to the country's development.  Enacted the Inventors and Inventions Incentives Act: This law provided incentives and rewards for inventors, encouraging innovation and recognizing their contributions to science and technology. Enacted the Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines: This law protected intellectual property rights, fostering innovation and encouraging the development of new technologies. President Joseph E. Estrada (1998-2001) Implementation of Science Education Programs: Upgraded education through initiatives like the Project Rise, aimed at enhancing the quality of science education. Legislative Achievements: Signed into law the Clean Air Act and Electronic Commerce Act, fostering environmental protection and technological development. Promotion of Technopreneurship: Encouraged the establishment of technology business incubators to stimulate technological innovation and entrepreneurship. President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (2001-2010) Dubbed the science and technology sector as the "Golden Age": She prioritized science and technology development, recognizing its potential to boost the country's economic growth. Implemented numerous laws and projects related to the environment and science: She promoted technology as a tool to improve the environment and enhance the country's economic level. Coined the term "Filipinnovation": She aimed to position the Philippines as an innovation hub in Asia, promoting scientific and technological advancements. Strengthened the Philippine Science High School (PSHS): She focused on strengthening the PSHS, which emphasizes science, technology, and mathematics in its curriculum, fostering a pipeline of future scientists and engineers.  Implemented Republic Act 10601 for agricultural and fisheries mechanization: This act aimed to improve the agriculture and fisheries sector through mechanization, increasing productivity and efficiency. President Benigno S. Aquino III (2010-2016) Implemented the K-12 program: This program aimed to improve the quality of basic education, potentially leading to a more scientifically literate workforce. Enacted the Cybercrime Law: This law addressed issues related to cybercrime, promoting online security and safety in the digital age. Philippine National Research and Development Agenda (PNRDA): Formulated to prioritize research areas aligned with national needs. Promotion of ICT Sector: Launched the Philippine Digital Strategy to improve internet connectivity and bridge the digital divide. Project NOAH: Initiated a project for disaster risk reduction and management through improved weather forecasting and hazard mapping. President Rodrigo R. Duterte (2016-2022) Balik Scientist Law (RA 11035): This law is being enacted to encouraged Filipino scientists abroad to return to the Philippines and contribute their expertise to the country's scientific development. Philippine Space Act (RA 11363): Established a national space agency to oversee the country’s space development initiatives and policies.