PEH 3 Reviewer PDF

PEH 3 REVIEWER Lesson 1: INTRODUCTION TO DANCE / BRIEF HISTORY AND NATURE OF DANCE Agnes de Mille - said that the truest expression of a people is in its dance and its music. Bodies never lie. DANCE - Has many forms and needs. - Can be a recreation...

PEH 3 REVIEWER Lesson 1: INTRODUCTION TO DANCE / BRIEF HISTORY AND NATURE OF DANCE Agnes de Mille - said that the truest expression of a people is in its dance and its music. Bodies never lie. DANCE - Has many forms and needs. - Can be a recreation, entertainment, education, therapy and religion. - Can be defined from various perspectives. - product of the utmost intellectual effort, appraised according to aesthetic criteria and communicated meanings - Loutzaki (2019) - Said it was Historically describes as “product of the utmost intellectual effort, appraised according to aesthetic criteria and communicated meanings”. Myers, (2005) - Said that dance differs from athletics or daily activities because primarily focuses on “ Aesthetic and Entertaining experiences” Barbara Mettler, (1980) - Said that dance is art, the art of body movement. WHY DO PEOPLE DANCE? (4 MAIN REASONS according to Myers (2005) & Gronek (2021)) - To please the Gods - To please others - To please themselves (form of self-expression) - To build community within an ethnic group (form of social interaction) HISTORY OF DANCE Dance can be seen among all the people and civilizations of the world. It was adapted in different times and periods of history, and resulted from intellectual exchange and contact PRE-HISTORIC ERA - Is said where dance rooted from. - Various artistic, religious, and social forces started incorporating and developing dance. - Dance in this times has not yet been fully recorded. Dance has been a significant form of religious ritual and social expression within primitive cultures. - Used to express and reinforce tribal unity and strength - Used as an approach to courtship and mating - Used as means of worship, communication, and therapeutic experiences. Communication - was said the first gesture dance is used BENEFITS OF DANCE AND CREATIVE MOVEMENTS DANCE - Was also one of the oldest and most popular forms of exercise. - Several forms of it are considered aerobic since it was performed about an hour of “Continued Exercise, choreographed to music” BENEFIT OF DANCE PHYSICAL - Develops cardiovascular and muscular endurance - Improves coordination, balance, flexibility and body composition - Lowers risk of cardiovascular diseasses - Lowers body mass index - Lowers resting heart rate - Improves lipid metabolism - Enables joint mobility( hip motion and spine flexibility) - Helps improve and maintain bone density, helping prevent osteoporosis - Helps recover coordination and neuromuscular skills after injury BENEFIT OF DANCE ON MENTAL/EMOTIONAL - Helps sharpens brain - Decreases incidence of dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease - Decreases depressive symptoms - Increases self-esteem and improves body image - Aids in releasing emotional and physical tension BENEFIT OF DANCE ON SOCIAL - Gives sense of belongingness & togetherness in a group - Encourages positive social interaction & interpersonal relationships in a group - Contributes to the individual’s potential for self-actualization in society BENEFIT OF DANCE ON CULTURAL - Promotes culture by showing cultural dances - Brings the people around the worlds closer by understanding lives of people represented Lesson 2: ELEMENTS OF DANCE THE ELEMENTS OF DANCE Dance has lot of movements Uses elements, space, time and energy 1. SPACE - The area where performers occupy and move around - Divided into 4 aspects known as spatial elements DIRECTION - where movements can travel. Can be forward, sideward backward, diagonal, circular, and many more. SIZE - Can be varied by small or large actions LEVEL – Movements can be done in a high, medium or low level FOCUS - Performers can change their focus by looking in different directions.  2. TIMING - Movements may be executed at varying tempos (speed: Fater or Slower). - Performers move with the tempo of the sound known as beat or pulse. Rhythmic Patters - Is generated when sequence of movement or group phrases is done. Also the addition of silences or pauses add to rhythmic patterns. 3. DANCE ENERGIES- Dance is propelled by energy or force. FORCE- Can initiate or stop an action (6 QUALITIES OF DANCE ENERGIES) SUSTAINED- Movements are done smoothly, continuously and with flow and control. Doesn’t have a clear beginning and ending. PERCUSSIVE- Explosive or sharp, thrust of energy. Have a clear beginning and ending. SWINGING- Movements in a curved line or an arc in space. Movements are relaxed and giving in gravity downward motion followed by an upward application energy. SUSPENDED- Perched in space or hanging on air. EX: Holding a raised leg in any direction VIBRATORY- Movements consist of trembling or shaking. Is a faster version of percussive movement that produces jittery effect. COLLAPSING- Released in tension and abruptly giving into gravity, letting body descend on the ground. - SLOW COLLAPSE - Can be described as melting or oozing action in downward direction. 4. BODILY SHAPES- How the entire body is molded in space or its configuration. Body can be rounded, angular, or  combination of 2. Can also be wide to narrow and high to low, also can be symmetrical and asymmetrical. SYMMETRICAL- Balance shape;; movements that are identical or similar on both sides. ASYMMETRICAL- Unbalanced shape, does not match or are different from each other. 5. GROUP SHAPES- Group of dancers performs movements in diff shapes. Arranged in wide, narrow, rounded, angular, symmetrical or asymmetrical as arrangement within a frame. Lesson 3: OLDEST DANCE FORMS OLDEST FORMS OF DANCE BELLYDANCE- Oldest dance form historians considers, originating 6000 years ago and practiced by many ancient cultures. - Bellydance nowadays has been considered to be seductive, but in ancient times it had a totally different purpose: Originally was performed only by women It’s a part of Goddess Worship and to celebrate womanhood. Practical purpose was to exercise the abdominal muscles of women so that they will successfully go through pregnancy and childbirth. CLASSICAL DANCE- Is historic and takes many years to learn. ○ Ballet- is what Western classical dance is called ballet ○ Choreography- is used to create classical dance. Also the arrangement of Dance steps and movements into an  organized sequence. Dance is usually choreographed to music. ○ IMPROVISATION- Unlike classical dance, improvisation dance has no formal steps, though it can be choreographed. - Is the basis of contemporary or modern dance. Dancers in this express their feelings in their movement to create a personal, natural performance. CONTEMPORARY DANCE- Began at the start of the 20th Century when U.S dancer (ISADORA DUNCAN (1878-1927) broke away from ballet and developed her own, more natural style. - Has many different styles, some are closely linked to music such as jazz, rock and roll and hip-hop TYPES OF DANCES BALLET- Mostly performed to classical music. Focuses more on strength, technique and flexibility. BALLROOM DANCING- Involves a number of partner-dancing styles such as waltz, swing, foxtrot, rumba and tango. HIP-HOP- Performed mostly to hip-hop music, thai urban dance style can involve breaking, popping, locking and freestyling. SQUARE DANCING- Folk dancing where 4 couples dance in a square pattern, moving around and changing partners POLE DANCING- Has become popular as a form of exercise. Involves sensual dancing, wiith vertical pole and requires muscle endurance, coordination and upper- and lower body strength.  JAZZ- A high energy dance style involving kicks, leaps and turns to the beat of music. TAP DANCING- Focuses on timing and beats. Its name originates from the tapping sounds made when the small metal plates on the dancer’s shoes touch the ground.