Pediatric Rehabilitation First Week Course PDF

1 Name of Department : Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation (English) Course Code and Name : FTY305E – Pediatric Rehabilitation Course Week : 1st Week Course Day and Time : Tuesday 09:00-12:50 / Wednesday 09:00-12:50 Course Credit/ACTS Informat...

1 Name of Department : Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation (English) Course Code and Name : FTY305E – Pediatric Rehabilitation Course Week : 1st Week Course Day and Time : Tuesday 09:00-12:50 / Wednesday 09:00-12:50 Course Credit/ACTS Informations : 3-3 Examination Type and Gradings : Multiple Choice – 50% Mid-term 50% Final Instructor’s Name & Surname : Asst. Prof. Hüsniye Merve DEMİRER E-mail & Phone: : [email protected] Instructor’s Room : B Block - 311 Office Hours : Monday 10:00-11:00 GBS Link : https://gbs.gelisim.edu.tr/en/lesson-details-17-316-5700-2 https://lms.gelisim.edu.tr/almsp/u/course?classId=dHgrRXB6VTNhZ05TZ1NPbmZkM01 ALMS Link : 1Zw&activityId=RjM3UFRYUjdwOFc5NGpRQWxzbjdRdw&type=1 AVESIS Link : https://avesis.gelisim.edu.tr/hmyilmaz/dokumanlar  14 WEEKS’S COURSE CONTENTS BEFORE MID-TERM AFTER MID-TERM 1. Introduction to Pediatric Rehabilitation, Basic 9. Down Syndrome and Rehabilitation Concepts 10. Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation in Obstetric 2. Normal Motor Development Brachial Plexus Injuries 3. Primitive Reflexes Period and Early Motor 11. Evaluation, Rehabilitation, and Orthotics in Evaluation Methods Spina Bifida 4. Neurological and Orthopedic Examination in 12. Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation in Pediatric At-Risk Infants Neuromuscular Diseases 5. Evaluation Methods and Gait Disorders in 13. Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation in Cerebral Palsy Torticollis 6. Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation in Cerebral 14. Sensory Processing Disorders and Palsy Intervention Strategies 7. Bobath Therapy Method and Rehabilitation 15. Common Developmental Disorders and (Special Handling Techniques, Positioning) Approach to Children with Epilepsy 8. MID-TERM EXAM 16. FINAL EXAM  WEEKLY LEARNING OUTCOMES Students understand the scope of pediatric rehabilitation. They identify key principles and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. Students recognize the role of therapists in supporting children with disabilities.  DAILY FLOW 09.00-09.50/ 1st Hour 10.00-10.50/ 2nd Hour 11.00-11.50/ 3rd Hour 12.00-12.50/ 4th Hour Introduction to Pediatric Rehabilitation, Basic Concepts PEDIATRIC REHABILITATION Introduction to Pediatric Rehabilitation Pediatric physiotherapy is a crucial branch of rehabilitation that focuses on the physical health and development of children from infancy through adolescence. Unlike adult physiotherapy, pediatric physiotherapy requires specialized knowledge and skills to address the unique anatomical, physiological, and psychological needs of children. The primary goal is to help children achieve their highest potential in physical function, mobility, and overall quality of life. Introduction to Pediatric Rehabilitation Children with physical disabilities, developmental disorders, or injuries often face significant challenges in their daily lives. Conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, and spina bifida can severely impact a child's ability to move and perform everyday activities. Additionally, respiratory conditions like cystic fibrosis and orthopedic issues such as scoliosis further complicate the rehabilitation process. These diverse conditions necessitate a range of therapeutic interventions tailored to the individual needs of each child. Basic Concepts Pediatric physiotherapy must account for the various stages of child development, which significantly influence therapeutic interventions. Children are not just small adults; their bodies and minds are constantly growing and changing, requiring tailored approaches to treatment. Understanding the developmental milestones and the typical progression of motor skills is essential for effective physiotherapy. Basic Concepts Infancy (0-2 years): During infancy, rapid physical and cognitive development occurs. Physiotherapists focus on promoting motor development, including head control, sitting, crawling, and walking. Early intervention is crucial for infants with congenital conditions or developmental delays. Basic Concepts Early Childhood (2-5 years): In early childhood, children continue to develop gross and fine motor skills. Activities to improve balance, coordination, and strength are essential. Playbased therapy is particularly effective in this age group, as it engages children and enhances their motivation to participate. Basic Concepts Middle Childhood (6-12 years): Middle childhood is characterized by the refinement of motor skills and increased physical activity. Physiotherapists work on advanced motor skills, endurance, and functional independence. Children in this age group may benefit from sportsrelated rehabilitation and injury prevention programs. Basic Concepts Adolescence (13-18 years): Adolescents undergo significant physical changes due to puberty. This period may bring about new challenges, such as growth spurts and the onset of musculoskeletal issues like scoliosis. Physiotherapy focuses on addressing these changes, managing pain, and promoting healthy lifestyle habits. Basic Concepts Understanding these developmental stages helps physiotherapists design appropriate treatment plans that align with a child's physical and cognitive abilities. This developmental perspective ensures that interventions are both effective and engaging, promoting long-term adherence and positive outcomes. INTRODUCTION Movement is the only way we can interact with other people, animals and the environment. Many ways such as speaking, writing, walking, jumping provide us with opportunities for this interaction. The growth process of a child, which begins in the womb, sheds light on the development of movement. In short, two important concepts that determine the motor development process are "movement" and "development". INTRODUCTION Impairment of motor development in a child for any reason leads to activity and participation restrictions at different levels. And this impairment prevents the child's independence at home, school and in the social environment. Knowledge of the kinesiology of normal motor development provides the clues necessary to identify and analyze differences in development. INTRODUCTION Knowledge of kinesiology of normal motor development is used to identify problems at developmental levels appropriate to the child's age, to identify children in need of special interventions, to follow up children at risk for developmental problems, and to determine the effectiveness and benefit of treatment programs. Experts working with children must know normal motor development. MOTOR DEVELOPMENT Today, motor development researches are aimed at understanding how a growing child acquires motor skills for activities of daily living, play, recreation, and work. As a result of these researches; Motor development has been defined as "adaptive change towards skill". MOTOR DEVELOPMENT Motor development abilities and skills begin at fertilization and continue throughout life as the child changes with growth and maturation. In summary, everything starts in the womb and continues. Human development is a progressive process that continues from the womb to the grave! MOTOR DEVELOPMENT The process of Term Duration human growth Fetal 8 weeks-Birth and development Newborn First 28 days Infancy 28 days-2 years Early childhood 2 years-3 years old Early childhood (play age) 3 years-5 years old Middle childhood (school age) 6 years-12 years Puberty 12 years-18 years Young adulthood 19 years-35 years Adulthood 35 years-65 years Elderly age After 65 years of age MOTOR DEVELOPMENT Change in childhood is quite rapid compared to adulthood. Among the gains seen during the first 24 months of life, changes in gross and fine motor skills are especially evident. MOTOR DEVELOPMENT Normal motor development includes the periods in which children acquire some motor development steps such as holding their head up, sitting, walking, reaching for a toy and writing. There are small variations between children and even societies in terms of the time at which these developmental stages are achieved. And the time it takes for each child to transition from one particular developmental stage to another also varies. MOTOR DEVELOPMENT With the maturation theory, it is stated that motor development occurs from top to bottom under the control of the central nervous system (e.g. the baby first holds its head and then sits) and that skills develop from general to specific. However, this does not explain the differences seen in development. MOTOR DEVELOPMENT Dynamic systems theories of motor control suggest an interaction between multiple variables that contribute to the rate and variety of development as well as the quality of motor movements. Dynamic systems theories reveal that children learn functional motor skills by interacting with the environment. As a result, motor development is shaped not only by the control of the central nervous system but also by the influence of environmental stimuli and personal characteristics. MOTOR DEVELOPMENT Each child's development is unique Quality of prenatal care and varies among children. Childhood experiences Factors affecting child development Socio-economic level are; Genetic inheritance Disease process Errors and mutations in the genetic Trauma sequence (e.g. Down Syndrome) Opportunities Nutrition Cognitive abilities Exposure of the baby to harmful Motivation substances Inadequate nurturing and love Race Family and cultural reasons  WHAT TO TAKE HOME? Students should remember the importance of collaboration among various professionals. They take home the idea that every child’s needs are unique. Understanding the family’s perspective is crucial in the rehabilitation process.  QUESTIONS AND SUGGESTIONS How can we effectively engage families in the rehabilitation process? What are some strategies to promote communication among team members? Suggestions include incorporating case studies for better understanding.  RECOMMENDED WEEKLY STUDIES Database Review Group Research Web-Based Research Individual Research Group Practice Individual Practice  REFERENCES Lennon S. The Bobath Concept: a critical review of the theoretical assumptions that guide physiotherapy practice in stroke rehabilitation. Phys Ther Rev. 1996;1:35– 45. Dennis J. & Matthews MD (2015). Pediatric Rehabilitation: Principles and Practice 5th Edition. Michael A. Alexander MD (Editor).  ABOUT THE NEXT WEEK Next week, we focus on normal motor development. We will explore the milestones children achieve and the significance of each stage in rehabilitation.  FTY305E – Pediatric Rehabilitation Since course presentations are private, using the texts and images contained herein on social media or else without permission from the course instructor is against the regulations Law No. 6698. "Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world." ATATÜRK 33