PATHOLOGIC CALCIFICATION.pdf

PATHOLOGIC CALCIFICATION PATHOLOGIC CALCIFICATION Pathologic calcification is the result of an abnormal deposition of calcium salts together with smaller amounts of iron, magnesium, and other minerals. TYPES Dystrophic calcification Metastatic calcification Dystrophic calcification. In this form, ca...

PATHOLOGIC CALCIFICATION PATHOLOGIC CALCIFICATION Pathologic calcification is the result of an abnormal deposition of calcium salts together with smaller amounts of iron, magnesium, and other minerals. TYPES Dystrophic calcification Metastatic calcification Dystrophic calcification. In this form, calcium metabolism is normal ( with normal serum levels of calcium) but it deposits in injured or dead tissue. Local deposits of calcium may occur in: 1- necrotic tissue which is not absorbed -old infarcts -tuberculous foci -old collection of pus -dead parasites -acute pancreatic necrosis 2-Tissue undergoing slow degeneration: -Hyaline areas in benign tumors -Fibroids -In arteries due to atheromatous degeneration or old age -Old thrombi -Diseased or abnormal heart valves Metastatic Calcification deposition of calcium salts in normal tissues almost always reflects some derangement in calcium metabolism ( hypercalcemia) The major causes of hypercalcemia are (1) increased secretion of parathyroid hormone, (2) destruction of bone due to the effects of accelerated turnover (3) vitamin D–related disorders (4) renal failure Metastatic calcification can occur widely throughout the body but principally affects the interstitial tissues of the vasculature, kidneys, lungs, and gastric mucosa.