PARTS OF MOTHERBOARD_043059.docx

PARTS OF MOTHERBOARD **ROM (Read-only Memory)** - computer memory on which data has been prerecorded. Once data has been written onto a ROM chip, it cannot be removed and can only be read. ROM is non-volatile. **RAM (Random-access Memory)**- is a memory that stores the data that you're currently w...

PARTS OF MOTHERBOARD **ROM (Read-only Memory)** - computer memory on which data has been prerecorded. Once data has been written onto a ROM chip, it cannot be removed and can only be read. ROM is non-volatile. **RAM (Random-access Memory)**- is a memory that stores the data that you're currently working with, but it's volatile, meaning that as soon as the computer loses its power, that data disappears. **20 pin power connector**- The 20/24 pin ATX provides primary power to the system. A socket for power supply cable connector. **CMOS or CMOS battery (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor)**- It refers to a small amount of memory on a motherboard that stores the BIOS settings, including system time and hardware configuration. **CMOS** & Clock Backup batteries perform the same function in desktop and laptop computers: when the computer is turned off, the battery maintains the time and date, thus ensuring their accuracy when the system is once again restarted. More importantly, the battery saves the computers BIOS setup configuration, which allows the system to efficiently reboot once it is restarted. **Memory Slots**- - Slots for the memory modules (RAM) also called memory banks. **Heat Sink**- a piece of metal that sits on top of a computer chip such as CPU and draws power away from components by it rise to a fins. Heat sinks are passive, meaning they have no moving parts. It allows regulation of the device's temperature. **Video Card**- A video card, also known as a graphics card or graphics processing unit (GPU), is an essential component of a computer that enables the user to view visual information on the monitor. It processes data in the form of pixels, which make up images. **Transistors**- Transistors are the main component of the microchips used in computers. Computers operate on a binary system, which uses only two digits: 0 and 1. In a computer microchip, transistors act as switches, letting current through to represent the binary digit 1, or cutting it off to represent 0. **BIOS chip**- is firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting. BIOS, or Basic Input/Output System, is software stored on a small memory chip, also known as firmware. BIOS is found on the motherboard, and it is the very first software to run after a computer starts. **Serial Port**- Serial ports are used to physically connect asynchronous devices to a computer. They are located on the back of the system unit, either integrated or using a multiport adapter, such as the 2-port, 8-port, 16-port, and 128-port asynchronous adapters. **VGA (Video Graphics Array)**- a high-resolution standard for displaying text, graphics, and colors on computer monitors. **USB port (Universal Serial Bus)**- Most desktop computers have several USB ports. These can be used to connect almost any type of device, including mice, keyboards, printers, and digital cameras. They will often appear on the front and back of the computer. **LAN port (Local Area Network)**- A LAN port is a network port of a local area network connection that is used to share files and data between connected devices and as an access point that connects computers and other devices to the Internet. **Audio Port** - Audio ports link computers with speakers, headphones, and other external output devices. **Fan**- The computer fan works by spinning its blades, which creates airflow inside the computer case. The fan draws in cool air from the surroundings and pushes it over the heat-generating components like the central processing unit (CPU) and graphics processing unit (GPU). **SATA (Serial Advance Technology Attachment)**- is a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives. **I**/**O port**- is a socket on a computer that a cable **i**s plugged **i**nto. The port connects the CPU to a per**i**pheral dev**i**ce v**i**a a hardware **i**nterface or to the network