Second Stage of Labor PDF
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Uploaded by WholesomeViolin
معهد فني تمريض
DR / Aliaa Abdel Aty & RN / Yehia A Ghany
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Summary
This document provides a detailed explanation of the second stage of labor, outlining the key criteria such as uterine contractions, membrane rupture, and involuntary bearing down. It also explores the displacement of the pelvic floor, bladder, and rectum, and associated symptoms experienced by the woman during this phase. The information is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Full Transcript
## Second stage ### Definition - It involves the expulsion of the fetus. - It begins with the complete dilatation of the cervix, and ends when the infant is delivered. - Woman taken to delivery room and prepared for delivery ### Criteria of 2nd Stage 1. **Uterine contraction** - Become...
## Second stage ### Definition - It involves the expulsion of the fetus. - It begins with the complete dilatation of the cervix, and ends when the infant is delivered. - Woman taken to delivery room and prepared for delivery ### Criteria of 2nd Stage 1. **Uterine contraction** - Become stronger, last longer, and more frequent, together with full cervical dilatation and effacement. 2. **Rupture of membranes** - The membranes should have ruptured by the end of the first stage. - Their function is finished and they are only a hindrance during the second stage. 3. **Involuntary bearing down** - The woman start to push involuntary with uterine contraction. - It occur when the head presses on the pelvic floor muscles. 4. **Bulging out of the Perineal body** - There is thinning of the fourchette, bulging of the perineum, as the advancing head dilates the vagina and lacerate the mucosa. 5. **Displacement of the pelvic floor, bladder & rectum** - The woman feels pressure on the rectum accompanied by the desire to defecate. - The anal orifice start to dilate. - The bladder: is drawn up into the abdomen and more space is available in the pelvis for the passage of the fetus. - The rectum: is pushed downward in front of the presenting part. - Displacement of pelvic floor muscles. 6. **Cramps in the legs** - due to pressure of the descended presenting part on the sacral nerves. ### S &S of 2nd stage - Contractions become strong and more frequent. - Membranes are ruptured. - Perineum starts to bulge and the anal orifice starts to dilate. - Woman starts involuntary bearing down and feels the desire to defecate. - She is apprehensive, irritable, unwilling to be touched and may cry if disturbed. - She is frustrated and unable to manage labor alone.
