Understanding the Self Rev for Midterm PDF
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This document is a review for a midterm exam on understanding the self. It discusses perspectives from philosophers, sociologists, anthropologists, and psychologists, including Eastern and Western views. It also examines historical eras and pre-Socratic Greek philosophers. The review covers the origin and development of the human understanding of self.
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UNDERSTANDING THE SELF REV FOR MIDTERM: Chapter 1: The self from various perspectives -People typically define the self as \"who I am\" or \"what makes me unique.\" Philosophers, sociologists, and anthropologists have studied the self from different perspectives: Philosophers- describe the self a...
UNDERSTANDING THE SELF REV FOR MIDTERM: Chapter 1: The self from various perspectives -People typically define the self as \"who I am\" or \"what makes me unique.\" Philosophers, sociologists, and anthropologists have studied the self from different perspectives: Philosophers- describe the self as a person\'s uniqueness. Sociology- sees the self as shaped by social interactions and experiences. Anthropology- views the self as a culturally influenced idea, both individual and part of a community. Psychology-looks at the self through its characteristics, linked to its environment and experiences. Eastern and Western views of the self differ: West-sees the self as separate from its environment, East- views it as interconnected with the world. Philosopher Alan Watts described these perspectives as cultural \"myths\" of the self. Ancient thinkers- saw humans as unique for their ability to learn and create. Philosophers- explored how humans see themselves, shaping much of human development Philosophy, from the Greek words \"philo\" (loving) and \"Sophia\" (wisdom), means \"love of wisdom\". Philosophers pursued to understand the self, and their ideas have shaped our understanding of it throughout history. ERAS: Ancient/Cosmocentric-6THBC- 600AD Medieval/Theocentric-400AD- 1500AD MODERN/ANTHROPOCENTRIC- 16TH-19TH CENTURY CONTEMPORARY/EXISTENTIAL/ LIVING-19TH-Present PRE SOCRATIC GREEK PHILOSOPHERS: Xenophanes- (c. 570с. 478 BCE) - pre socratic Greek philosopher and poet known for criticizing the human-like portrayal of gods in Greek religion. He proposed that there is a single, all-powerful deity that goes beyond human traits and limitations. Anaximander- (c. 610-с. 546 BCE)- pre-Socratic Greek philosopher and student of Thales. He is known for: Apeiron: Introducing the concept of the apeiron (the boundless) as the origin of all things. Cosmology: Proposing that the Earth floats in space and celestial bodies move in circles. Biology: Suggesting that life began in the sea and that humans evolved from simpler organisms. Anaximenes (c. 586-с. 526 BCE)- pre-Socratic Greek philosopher and student of Anaximander. He is known for: Air as the Arche: Proposing that air is the fundamental substance of all things. Transformation Processes: Explaining that matter changes through rarefaction (thinning) and condensation (thickening) of air,
