Oral-Ana (1).pdf

LESSON 1 - ORAL CAVITY 2. Palete roof of the mouth Function: Contains hard and soft palete Digesting...

LESSON 1 - ORAL CAVITY 2. Palete roof of the mouth Function: Contains hard and soft palete Digesting VIBRATING LINE - junction between the hard and speaking soft palete breathing Division: being attached to Oral vestibule - space between the lips Hard Palate and the teeth. Oral cavity proper - inner space between anterior and lateral by the teeth and its alveolar processes ; surrounded by the teeth or gums, extends to the palatine tonsils. Vibrating Line Soft Palate movable Incisive papilla 3. Tongue most of the oral cavity; flexible organ Anterior 2/3 Posterior 1/3 SULCUS TERMINAL - divides the anterior and posterior Dorsal: Specialized Cells 4 types of Tongue Papilla: Border: Anterior - Lips Posterior - Fauces Superior - Palate Inferior - floor of the mouth; tongue Lateral - Cheeks , vestibule Contents: 1. Lips marks the transition between the facial and oral cavity tissue. VERMILLION ZONE - Reddish transition where cold sores often appear. PHILTRUM - small identation of the upper lip; formed during embryonic development; depression to the nose to mouth Labial Commisure - border o Philtrum  6. Fauces opening at the back of the mouth that connects the oral cavity to the oropharynx. 1. Superior boundary: Soft palate 2. Inferior boundary:Tongue 3. Lateral boundaries: Palatine tonsils and the pillars of the fauces (also called the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches) 7. Floor of the mouth beneath the tongue 1. Filiform Papillae: 2. Fungiform Papillae: - Mushroom-shaped and scattered across the tongue. 3. Circumvallate Papillae: - Large, dome-shaped structures located at the back of the tongue. 4. Foliate Papillae: - Located on the sides of the tongue. 4. Salivary Glands 1. Parotid Gland - Stensen’s Duct; Largest 2. Submandibular Gland - Wharton’s Duct 8. Cheeks- wall 3. Sublingual Gland - Bartholin’s Duct, Duct of Vestibule - space between the wall and alveolar process the Rivinus 5. Gingiva Free Gingiva - not attached to the tooth Attached Gingiva Mucogingival junction - between the attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa Alveolar Mucosa - beyond the mucogingival junction; part of the vestibule Alveolar Mucosa Attached Gingiva Mucogingival Junction Free Gingiva Interdental Gingiva  Mainly found in the crown Alveolar Process portion of the jaw serving as the Apices support of the tooth Bifurcation Alveolus the point where the trunk bone of the socket and the root branches off the separate roots Pulp Horn Pulp Chambers Cusp Tip Pulp Horn extension of pulp chamber Pulp Canal Mainly found in the root portion Apex terminal end Hard Tissue: of the root Root Dentin - clear in a cross section Portion of of the tooth; main bulk of tooth the teeth Enamel that is Cementum covered Cervical Line / with Cementoenamel junction cementum Soft tissue: Junction between crown and root Pulp - furnishes the blood and nerve supply of the tooth Crown Incisal Edge Portion of the terminal end tooth that is of the crown covered with enamel Dentition Maxillary Teeth (Upper jaw) Permanent Teeth Central Incisor Lateral Incisor Canine 1st Premolar Heterodont 2nd Premolar different type of 1st Molar teeth in a set 2nd Molar 3rd Molar Homodont same type of teeth in a set 3rd Molar 2nd Molar 1st Molar 2nd Premolar 1st Premolar Canine Lateral Incisor Central Incisor Mandibular Teeth (lower jaw) 2 1 2 3 I — C—P—M — = 16 Primary Teeth 2 1 2 3 Central Incisor succedaneous teeth Lateral Incisor 32 permanent teeth development begins at birth; competed Canine =17-25 years 1st Molar replaces exfoliating primary dentition from 6-12 years 2nd Molar Succedaneous vs non Succedaneous teeth - spot of the molar in primary is replaced by the premolar in succedaneous 2nd Molar 1st Molar Canine Lateral Incisor Central Incisor 2 1 2 I—C — M — = 10 2 1 2 deciduous teeth Baby or milk teeth first 2 set of teeth to appear in the oral cavity Begins to form prenatally at about 14 weeks in utero Completed postnatally = 3 years of age  Proximal surfaces: Distal - away the midline Mesial - towards Labial - facing the lips the midline Occulusal - surface of premolar and molar ( posterior) Lingual Buccal - facing the cheek Incisal - anterior  LESSON 2 Cusp Lingual fossa Labial - ridge Marginal Ridge Triangular Ridge Central Fossa Developmental groove Pit Cingulum Oblique Ridge Cusp Oblique Ridge Sulcus elevation or mound of the crown ridge crossing obliquely the portion occlusal surface of maxillary Supplemental Groove Occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars less distinct, shallow linear molar depression on the surface of a Incisal surfaces of canine Tubercle tooth. small elevation of some portion of Cingulum the crown produced by the extra Pit lingual surface of anterior arch formation of enamel pinpoint depression Makes up the cervical third of lingual Junction of developmental groove surface Lingual Fossa lingual surface of incisors Ridge Labial Ridge linear elevation on the surface of a cervicoincisal prominence across Central Fossa tooth the labial surfaces of canines occlusal surface of molars Distinct in maxillary canines Confluence of ridges terminating Transverse centrally at a junction of groves union of two triangular ridges Marginal Ridge crossing tranversly the surface of a rounded border of the enamel Sulcus posterior tooth Occlusal surface posterior teeth long depression or valley Lingual surface of anterior teeth Seen between ridges and cusp Fossa irregular depression or concavity Triangular Ridge Development groove descend form the cusp tip of molars shallow line between primary parts Triangular Fossa and premolars towards the central of crown found on the molars and premolars part of occlusal surface Buccal and lingual groove on the occlusal surfaces mesial or distal to marginal ridges Tooth Numbering System Universal Numbering System 1. Permanent / Primary 2. Maxillary / Mandibular 3. Left/ Right 4. Tye of Tooth Adolf Zsigmondy 1861-1870 Palmer / Szigmondy Notation Zs AT EF JK PO 1 32 89 16 17 24 25 Federation Dentaire Internationale / FDI  LESSON 3 10 11 16 19 29 Maxillary ABDCE ADBCE Eruption of the Primary Teeth ABDCE 8 13 16 20 27 Mandibular 1st M 2nd M Central Lateral Canine Primary Canine Central completed from 3 years Incisor Incisor Incisor 1st M Lateral 2nd M Incisor 1-2 years after eruption = complete root Eruption Ugly duckling stage Calcification Transitional Begins with the Emergence and eruption of the first permanent teeth Mixed Ends either the exfoliating of the last primary 6-7 7-8 8-9 11-12 10-12 12-13 17-21 teeth Maxillary 6-1-2-4-5-3-7-8 During 6-7 years Permanent completed from 17-25 years Mineralization is entirely postnatal Eruption of the Permanent Teeth 6-1-2-3-4-5-7-8 Mandibular 6-7 6-7 7-8 9-10 10-11 11-12 11-13 17-21 Maxillary Mandibular Development and Eruption Emergence movement from alveolar 6-7 6-7 Crown and root bone to occlusal contact 7-8 6-7 formation continuous tooth 6th week of prenatal movement from the 8-9 7-8 tooth’s emergence dental bed to the through the gingiva occlusal contact 11-12 9-10 Exfoliation 1. Pre - eruptive = no 10-12 10-11 loss of primary teeth roots, increase 11-12 length, width and 10-12 Calcification height of the jaw 12-13 11-13 Begins in 13-16 weeks from 2. Eruptive = roots utero are present 17-21 17-21 Maxillary and mandibular 3. Post - eruptive = central incisor are the first tooth is functional to erupt Formation of crown