Hematology Past Paper PDF

‫االسئلة الجديدة‬ HEMATOLOGY 1- Vitamin K antagonist : a- warfarin b- Heparin c- Protein C d- Antithrombin III 2- One of the intrinsic pathway a- factor XI b- factor XIII c- factor I d- factor VII 3- Para hemophilia is the deficiency of a-...

‫االسئلة الجديدة‬ HEMATOLOGY 1- Vitamin K antagonist : a- warfarin b- Heparin c- Protein C d- Antithrombin III 2- One of the intrinsic pathway a- factor XI b- factor XIII c- factor I d- factor VII 3- Para hemophilia is the deficiency of a- factor VIII b- factor IX c- factor V d- factor VII 4- Eosinophilia is seen in : a- food sensitivity b- Drug sensitivity c- Atopic dermatitis d- all of the above 5- Multiple myeloma is a neoplastic proliferation of: a- lymphocytes b- Granulocytes c- Plasma cells d- Monocytes 6- Test for intrinsic pathway: a- bleeding time b- Thrombin time c- Prothrombin time d- Partial thromboplastin time PTT 7- Paul-Bunnel test is done to diagnose: a- multiple myeloma b- Hodgkin’s disease c- Infectious mononucleosis d- all of the above 8- increased platelet count is : a- thrombocytopenia b- thrombopoietin c- thrombocytosis d- all of the above 9- Decreased platelet count is: a- thrombocytopenia b- Thrombopoietin c- Thrombocytosis d- all of the above 10- All these are causes of thrombocytopenia except: a- cytotoxic drugs b- Aplastic anemia c- Hemorrhage d- Radiotherapy 11- Prothrombin time is done to test: a- Intrinsic pathway only b- Extrinsic pathway only c- Extrinsic and common pathways d- Intrinsic and common pathways 12- Normal bleeding time by Duke’s method: a- 2-7 minutes b- 2-7 seconds c- 2-4 minutes d- 2-4 seconds 13- Normal partial thromboplastin time (PPT) is : a- 3-4 minutes b- 30-45 seconds c- 12-15 seconds d- 12-15 minutes 14- Hemophilia A is the deficiency of : a- factor V b- factor VIII c- factor IX d- all of the above 15-the most common form of leukemia in children is: a- acute lymphoblastic leukemia b- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia c- Acute myeloid leukemia d- Chronic myeloid leukemia 16- Bence-Jones protein is present in cases of: a- chronic myeloid myeloma b-acute myeloid myeloma c- Hodgkin’s lymphoma d- multiple myeloma 17- Reed-Sternberg cells are found in cases of : a- acute lymphoblastic leukemia b- Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma c- Hodgkin’s lymphoma d- Multiple myeloma 18- Normal platelet count is : a- 150,000 to 450,000/min3 b- 400,000 to 800,000/min3 c- 4,000 to 11,000 /min3 d- 50,000 to 100,000/min3 19- Antithrombin III inhibits: a- factor Va b- factor VIIIa c- factor Xa d- all of the above 20- Heparin potentiate the action of : a- protein C b- protein S c- antithrombin III d- warfarin 21- Factor II of blood clotting is: a- Christmas factor b- Fibrinogen c- Prothrombin d- Thromboplastin 22- One of fibrinogen group is : I V VIII XIII a- II b- V c- VII d- IX 23- Fibrinogen is converted to soluble fibrin by: a- prothrombin b- Thromboplastin c- Thrombin d- all of the above 24- Thrombopoitin control the formation of: a- red blood cells b- White blood cells c- platelets d- non of the above 25- Normal prothrombin time (PT) is: a- 30-45 seconds b- 30-45 minutes c- 12-15 seconds d- 12-15 minutes 26- Parasitic disease is associated with: a- monocytosis - bacteria b- Lymphocytosis - virus c- Basophilia - sensitive d- Eosinophilia 27- Philadelphia chromosome is diagnostic for: a- acute lymphoblastic leukemia b- Acute myeloid leukemia c- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia d- chronic myeloid leukemia 28- Normal fibrinogen level: a- 150-400 gm% b- 150-400 mg % c- 15-40 mg % d- 15-40 gm % 29-infectious mononucleosis is caused by: a- echo virus b- coxsaki virus c- Epstein Barr virus EBV d- Cytomegalo virus 30- Atypical lymphocytosis is seen in cases of: a- Hodgkin’s lymphoma b- Multiple myeloma c- Infectious mononucleosis d- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia 31-monospot test is done to diagnose: a- Acute myeloid leukemia b- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia c- Infectious mononucleosis d- Infectious lymphocytosis 32- The test which depend on blood platelets & capillary fragility is: a- prothrombin time b- Thrombin time c- Bleeding time d- Clotting time 33- Fibrin is broken to fibrin degradation products by the action of: a- Prothrombin b- Thrombin c- Plasminogen d- Plasmin 34- Acute myeloid leukemia is characterized by: a- low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase b- Myeloblast with Auer rods c- Neutrophil with Pleger-Huet anomaly d- all of the above 35- Plasminogen is converted to plasmin by : a- Heparin b-Histamine c- Urokinase d- Serotonin 36- Increase D-dimers and fibrin degradation products are seen in cases of: a- Hemophilia A b- Vitamin K deficiency c- Diffuse intravascular coagulation d- Von Willebrand disease 37- Activated protein C degrades: a- factor IXa b- Factor VIIIa c- Factor Xa d- Factor Xia 38- Heparin is found in a- Neutrophil b- Basophil c- Acidophil d- all of the above 39- In hemophilia A the test which will be prolonged is a- PT b- PTT c- Bleeding time d- all of the above 40- Bleeding due to overdose of heparin is managed by giving: a- Vit K b- Vit C c- Vit A d- Protamin sulphate 41- Streptokinase and staphylokinase convert: a- Prothrombin to thrombin b- Fibrinogen to fibrin c- Soluble fibrin to insoluble fibrin d- Plasminogen to plasmin 42- Test for platelet function: a- Clot retraction b- Platelet aggregation c- Platelet adhesion d- all of the above 43- Prolonged PT occurs in cases of deficiency of: a- Factor III b- Factor IV c- Factor V d- all of the above 44- normal thrombin time (TT): a- 30-45 sec b- 2-4 min c- 3-9 min d- 10-20 sec 45- cause of vitamin K deficiency: a- Obstructive jaundice b- Prolonged use of antibiotics c- Inadequate intake d- all of the above 46- Cause of Hyper- Coagulable state: a- Aplastic anemia b- Cytotxic drugs c- Polcythemia d- Radiotherapy 47-Physiological cause of neutrophilia: a- New born b- Radiotherapy c- Cytotoxic drugs d- Prolonged use of antibiotics 48- Leucocytosis characterized by the presence of immature cells and high neutrophil alkaline phosphatase: a- chronic myeloid leukemia b- Acute myeloid leukemia c- Leukaemid reaction d- non of the above 49- Normal coagulation time (CT): a- 3-9 min b- 3-9 sec c- 30-40 sec d- 30-40 min 50- The test which measures the clotting time of citrated plasma accelerated by the addition of a clotting factor activator (kaolin) , phospholipids and calcium: a- coagulation time b- Prothrombin time c- Partial thromboplastin time d- Thrombin time 51- The test which measures the clotting time of citrated plasma to which thromboplastin and calcium has been added: a- thrombin time b- Prothrombin time c- Coagulation time d- Partial thromboplastin time 52- The test which is widely used as a control and follow up test to control anticoagulant treatment: a- APTT b- PTT c- PT d- TT 53- A disease characterized by progressive neoplastic proliferation of immature white cell precursor: a- acute leukemia b- Chronic leukemia c- Lymphoma d- Multiple myeloma 54- The absolute lymphocyte count may be up to 300,000 or more between 70 and 90 % of white cells in the blood film appear as small lymphocytes. THE CASE IS: a- Acute myeloid leukemia b- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia c- Chronic myeloid leukemia d- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia 55- Variation in red cells size: a- Poikilcytosis b- Anisocytosis c- Reticulocytosis d- Leukocytosis 56- Dark red cells with no area of central pallor: a- Stomatocyte b- Spherocyte c- Acathocyte d- Schistocyte 57- Microcytic hypochromic anemia a- hereditary spherocytosis b- Sickle cell anemia c- Iron deficiency anemia d- Vit B12 deficiency anemia 58- Target cells are seen in cases of: a- folic acid deficiency b- Iron deficiency anemia c- Vit B12 deficiency anemia d- Thalassemia 59- Red cells with elongated area of central pallor: a- spherocyte b- Schistocyte c- Stomatocyte d- Elliptocutes 60- ……………….. Symmetric, short , sharp projection from the red cells and seen in iron deficiency anemia: a- echinocyte b- Acanthocyte c- Elliptocyte d- Ovalocyte 61- ……………… is a condition in which the absorption of vit B12 is greatly impaired due to failure or marked reduction of intrinsic factor secretion: a- fauvism b- fanconi’s anemia c-sickle cell anemia d- thalassemia e- pernicious anemia 62- Hyperchromic cells are seen in: a- iron deficiency anemia b- Thalassemia c- Hereditary spherocytosis d- Sickle cell anemia 63- A prolonged low rate of bleeding results in: a- normochromic anemia b- Hypochromic anemia c- Hyperchromic anemia d- non of the above 64- Schilling test is done in diagnosis of: a- iron deficiency anemia b- Pernicious anemia c- Aplastic anemia d- folic acid deficiency 65- Defective synthesis of either alpha or beta chains of normal hemoglobin cause: a- sickle cell anemia b- Aplastic anemia c- Pernicious anemia d- Thalassemia 66- Neutrophils represent…………… of circulating leukocyte: a- 2-8 % b- 0-1 % c- 50-70 % d- 2-4 % 67- …………. are non nucleated, biconcave shaped cells: a- platelet b- Leukocyte c- Erythrocyte d- Macrophages 68- …………….. represent 50-70 % of total leukocytes a- lymphocytes b- Neutrophils c- Monocytes d- Eosinophilis 69- …………… have a characteristic biffed nucleus and their cytoplasm is filled with large refractile granules that stain red in blood smear a- neutrophils b- Eosinophilis c- Basophiles d- Lymphocytes 70- The cell which is responsible for antibody production is: a- moncytes b- T-lymphocytes c- B-lymphocytes = plasma cell d- Neutrophils 71- …… is a curved cell with sharp ends seen in haemoglobinopathies (HBS) a- sickle cell b- Spherocyte c- Ovalocyte d- Stomatocyte 72- All of the following is correct about sickle cell anemia except: a- leg ulcers b- Gall stones c- Enlargement of spleen d- Attacks of pain 73- ……….. is a single, large, rounded , dark , purple remnant of nucleus a- Heinz body b- Howeel-Jolly body c- Pappenheimer body d- Cabot ring 74- Agranulocyte: a- neutrophil b- Lymphocyte c- Basophile d- Eosinophil 75- Pica ( craving to eat unusual substance such as clay or ice) is one of the symptoms of: a- G6PD deficiency b- Thalassemia c- Megaloblastic anemia d- Iron deficiency anemia 76- In …………….. there’s a decreased or absent hemosiderin in bone marrow a- sideroblastic anemia b- Iron deficiency anemia c- Megaloblastic anemia d- Hemolytic anemia 77- Chloramphenicol may cause …………. anemia in long term therapy a- iron deficiency b- Vit B12 deficiency c- folic acid deficiency d- Aplastic anemia 78- ………. is the fluid (with anticoagulant) component of blood , it contains salt & organic compounds: a- plasma b- Serum c- Hemoglobin d- Billirubin 79- Poikilocytosis is: a- variation in red cell size b- Variation in red cell color c- Variation in red cell shape d- non of the above 80- Red cell fragments: a- echinocyte b- Elliptocyte c- Schistocyte d- Stomatocyte 81- It is a defect of red cell member a- Thalassemia b- Sickle cell anemia c- Hereditary spherocytosis d- Megaloblastic anemia 82- All of the following is correct regarding spherocytosis except: a- normocytic normochromic anemia b- Decreased reticulocyte count c- Raised plasma bilirubin d- Increased osmotic fragility 83- Heinz bodies are seen in cases of a- hereditary spherocytosis b- Hereditary elliplocytosis c- G6PD deficiency d- sickle cell anemia 84- ……………… is caused by substitution of amino acid (valine) instead of glutamic acid at position No.#6 in the beta chain of hemoglobin a- Hb-A b- Hb-A2 c- Hb –F d- Hb –S sickle cell 85- Atrophy of the spleen is seen in cases of: a- Thalassemia b- Sickle cell anemia c- G6PD deficiency d- Hereditary elliplocytosis 86- iron deficiency lead to : a- normocytic normochromic anemia b- microcytic hypochromic anemia c- macrocytic anemia d- hemolytic anemia 87- Neurological symptoms are seen in cases of: a- iron deficiency anemia b- folic acid deficiency c- Vit B12 deficiency d- all of the above 88- Megaloplastic hematopoiesis is seen in cases of: a- iron deficiency anemia b- folic acid deficiency c- Vit B12 deficiency d- Vit C deficiency 89- Fanconi’s anemia is a type of : a - vit B12 deficiency b- aplastic anemia c- Thalassemia d- folic acid deficiency anemia 90- the most abundant leukocyte in a normal blood smear of adult is : a- lymphocyte b- Monocyte c- Eosinophil d- Neutrophil 91- The first line of defense against parasites: a- neutrophils b- Basophile c- Eosinophil d- Lymphocyte 92- …………….. play a role in immediate and delayed hypersensitivity: a- monocyte b- Lymphocyte c- Eosinophil d- Basophile 93- The largest leukocyte is : a- neutrophils b- Lymphocyte c- Monocyte d- Basophile 94- Cell which participate in cell mediated immunity: a- monocyte b- B- lymphocyte c- T- lymphocyte d- neutrophils 95- ……… promotes blood clotting and help to prevent blood loss from damaged blood vessels: a- platelets b- WBCs c- RBCs d- all of the above 96-antibody induced hemolytic disease in new born that is caused by blood group incompatibility between mother and fetus: a- hemolytic uremic syndrome b- Erythroblastosis fetalis c- Hereditary spherocytosis d- Thromboloc thrombocytopenic purpurea 97- Young red blood cell with cytoplasmic RNA: a- spherocyte b- Reticulocyte c- Stomatocyte d- elliptocyte 98- Normal adult hemoglobin tetramer is: a- 2 alpha : 2 gama b- 2 alpha : 2 beta c- 2 alpha : 2 delta d- 2 beta : 2 gama 99- …………… represent 2-4 % of total leukocyte: a- neutrophils b- Basophile c- Eosinophil d- Monocyte 100- ………… are small cytoplasmic fragment derived from megakaryocytic: a- RBCs b- WBCs c- Platelet d- non of the above 101 - ………….. is the reduction in the amount of circulating hemoglobin , red blood cells or both: a- polycythemia b- Anemia c- Hemophilia d- Leucopenia 102- Thalassemia is : a- microcytic anemia b- Macrocytic anemia c- Normocytic anemia d- non of the above 103- Vit B12 deficiency lead to : a- hemolytic anemia b- Microcytic anemia c- Normocytic anemia d- Megaloblastic anemia 104- Lymphocyte represent ………….. of total leukocyte: a- 20-40 % b- 50-70 % c- 2-8 % d- 1-5 % 105- Plumer- Vinson syndrome may be seen in cases of: a- iron deficiency anemia b- Vit B12 deficiency anemia c- Aplastic anemia d- folic acid deficiency anemia 106- peripheral, pale inclusions that push out the cell membrane and composed of hemoglobin: a- cabot ring b- Pappenheimer body c- Howell-Jolly body d- Heinz body 107- it’s an acute hemolytic anemia occurring after the ingestion of broad bean in individual with deficiency of G6PD : a-thalassemia b- Favism c- Fanconi’s anemia d- Cooley’s anemia 108-………………. is a multiple small , peripheral grape like purple clusters of iron: a- cabot ring b- Heinz body c- Howell-Jolly body d- Pappenheimer body 109- the blood smear gives the physician information concerning: a- morphology of RBCs and platelet b- Presence of abnormal inclusion c- Presence of immature cells d- all of the above 110- hypersplenism is one of the causes of : a- iron deficiency anemia b- Hemolytic anemia c- Aplastic anemia d- Megaloblastic anemia 111- Increased reticulocytes count is seen in cases of: a- hereditary spherocytosis b- G6PD deficiency c- Sickle cell anemia d- all of the above 112- The antibody which can pass the placenta: a- Ig M b- Ig G c- Ig D d- Ig E 113- ……… is an autoimmune disease in which there is an immune destruction of the acid and pepsin secreating cells of the stomach: a- fanconi’s anemia b- cooley’s anemia c-pernicious anemia d- non of the above 114- All of these are laboratory features of aplastic anemia except: a- pancytopenia b-markedly hypocellular marrow c- Increased reticulocyte count d- Markedly increase in serum erythropoietin 115- Secondary granules of neutrophils contain: a- elastase b- Myeloperoxidase c- Lysozyme d- Histamine 116- Monocytes represent ………………. of total leukocyte: a- 0-1 % b- 2-4 % c- 2-8 % d- 20-4 % 117- the reagent used for leukocyte count is : a- citric acid b- Acetic acid c- Hydrochloric acid d- Sulphoric acid BACTERIOLOGY 118- All are Prokaryotic cells except: a- Fungi b- Bacteria c - Chlamydia d- Mycoplasma 119- Viruses: a- Contain only DNA or RNA b - They Contain ribosome c- Did not affected by antibiotics d- a+c 120- All of these are essential structure except: a- Nuclear body b- Spores c- Cell wall d- Plasma Membrane 121- ________ is giving the shape to the bacteria a.- Cytoplasmic Membrane b- Capsule c- Cell Wall d- All of the above 122- One of its functions is selective permeability a- Cell wall b- Plasma membrane c- Capsule d- Spores 123- They are responsible for Haemagglutination Phenomenon a- Flagella b- Fimbria c- Capsule d- Cell wall 124- Clostridium Tetani is: a- Atrichous bacteria b- Mono-trichous bacteria c- Amphi-trichous bacteria d- Peri-trichous bacteria 125- Short curved or straight rods, motile by single polar flagellum a- spirochaeta b- Vibrio c- Escherichia d- Lactobacillus 126- Small gram negative cocci, occur in pairs a- staphylococcus b- streptococcus c- neisseria d- non of the above 127- Transfer of genetic information from one bacterium to another by bacteriophages is: a. Transformation b. Tansduction c. Conjugation d. Mutation 128- Salmonella are: a- Obligatory Aerobic bacteria b.- Obligatory Anaerobic bacteria c- Facultative Anaerobic bacteria d- Micro-aerophilic bacteria 129- According to pH, vibrio cholera is a- Osmophilic bacteria b- Basophilic bacteria c- Acidophilic bacteria d- Neutrophilic bacteria 130- Staphylococci are: a- Atrichous bacteria b- Mono-trichous bacteria c- Amphi-trichous bacteria d- Peri-trichous bacteria 131- During replication of DNA, copying errors may occur and this is called a- Conjugation b- Transduction c- Transformation d- Mutation 132- Obligatory Anaerobic bacteria a- grow only in presence of oxygen b- grow only in absence of oxygen c- grow either in presence or absence of oxygen d- grow in presence of oxygen traces and 5 – 10% CO2 133- Neutrophilic bacteria grow well at a- pH 8.5 – 9.0 b- pH 7.2 – 7.4 c- pH 5.0 – 5.5 d- pH 2.5 – 3.0 134- The rate of cell death increase and bacterial growth stopped, this is a- Adaptation phase b- Exponential phase. c- Stationary phase. d- Decline Phase 135- Beta-hemolytic a- Cause complete hemolysis of RBC’s b- Cause chemical change of Hemoglobin in RBC’s c- Do not cause hemolysis d- None of them 146- Mesophilic bacteria grow at: a- 37°C b- 14°C c- 60°C d- 120°C 137- Circulation of Bacteria and its toxins in blood a- Pyaemia b- Toxemia c.- Bacteremia - without toxins d- Septicemia 138- Disinfections that applied on living or injured tissues: a- Sterilization b- Antiseptic c- Sanitation d- Decontamination 139- Hot air oven is used for sterilization of a- Glass b- Rubber Gloves c.- Plastic Syringes d- Catheters 140- Disinfectant for superficial fungal infection a- Phenol b- Potassium permanganate c- Chlorine d- Hypochlorite compounds 141- Rifampin a- inhibit cell wall synthesis b- inhibit protein synthesis c- inhibit folic acid pathway d- inhibit mRNA synthesis 142- Transacetylase inactivate a- aminoglycosides b- chloramphenicol c- penicillin d- cephalosporins 143- The color of gram positive bacteria is a- Yellow b- Black. c- Pink d- Violet 144- Selective media for fungi a- blood agar b- Mac Conkey agar c- Nutrient agar d- Sabourand’s dextrose agar 145- Histoplasma is a : a- Systemic mycosis b- Sub – Cutaneous mycosis c- Cutaneous mycosis d- Superficial mycosis 146- All are asexual spores produced by mould except a- Conidio – spores b- Sporangio – spores c- Endospores d- Arthro – spores 147- They reproduce only by Asexual reproduction a- Blastomycosis b- Deutromycosis c- Ascomycetes d- Zygomycetes 148- The functions of cell wall is all of the following except: a- Giving the shape to the bacteria b- Carrying somatic antigen c-Selective permeability& transport of solutes = plasma membrane d- Protect the bacteria from plasmolysis 149- Atrichous Bacteria are: a- Bacteria contain one flagellum b- Bacteria contain 2 flagella c- Bacteria without flagella d- Bacteria with a tuft of flagella 150-__________ are essential for host cell attachment: a- Flagella b- Fimbria c- Spores d- Capsules 151- Irregular clusters of spherical cells: a- Streptococcus b- Staphylococcus c- Lactobacillus d- Escherichia 152- Clostridium Botulinum is: a- Obligatory Aerobic Bacteria b- Facultative Anaerobic Bacteria c- Obligatory Anaerobic Bacteria d- Micro- aerophilic Bacteria 153- Basophilic Bacteria grow well at: a- pH 8.5 – 9.0 b- pH 7.2 – 7.4 c- pH 5.0 – 5.5 d- None of the above 154- Cells are divided at high & constant rate: a- Decline Phase b- Stationary Phase c- Log Exponential Phase d- Adaptation Phase 155- The dominant bacterial species in dental plaque are: a- Coagulase Negative Staphylococci b- Lactobacillus c- Bacteroides d- Streptococcus Sanguis 156- The spread of Pyogenic Bacteria in blood stream to different organs & produce multiple abscess is: a- Septicemia b- Bacteremia c-Toxemia d- Pyaemia 157- Inhibit the growth of micro organisms a- Bacteriostatic b- Bactericidal c- Fungicidal d- Germicidal 158- To sterilize fluid damaged by heat: a- Gaseous Sterilization b- Heat Sterilization c- Filtration d- Ionizing Radiation 159- For water disinfection we use: a- Hydrogen peroxide b- Formaldehyde c- Chlorine d- Hypochlorite compounds 160- Mechanism of action of penicillin: a- Block peptidoglycan synthesis b- Inhibit peptidyglycan cross – linking c- inhibit folic acid pathway d- inhibit protein synthesis 161- Sulfonamides: a- inhibit cell wall synthesis b- inhibit protein synthesis c- inhibit DNA synthesis d- inhibit folic acid pathway 162- Acetylase inactivates: a- B – Lactam antibiotics b- Aminoglycosides c- Cloramphenicol d- All of the above 163- Ringworm disease is caused by a- Zygomycetes b- Ascomycetes c- Blastomycosis d- None of the above 164- For wet – mount technique we add: a- NaoH b- K oH c- H2 O2 d- All of the above 165- They are transmitted by arthropods a- Chlamydia b- Spirochetes c- Mycoplasma d- All of the above 166- In the past they were listed as large viruses a- Richettsia b- Mycoplasma c- Chlamydia d- None of the above 167- Bacteria multiply by: a- Replication cycle b- Simple binary fission c- Sexual reproduction d- All of the above 168- It protects bacteria from antibiotics a- Capsule b- Cell membrane c- Flagella d- Fimbria 169- Vibro cholera is: a- Mono –trichous bacteria b- Atrichous bacteria c- Lopho-trichous bacteria d- Peri-trichous bacteria 170- Short rods, motile by peritrichous flagella a- Spirochaeta b- Lactobacillus c- Escherichia coli d- Vibrio 171- To take up soluble DNA fragments derived from other, closely related species is: a. Mutation b. Transformation c. Transduction d. Conjugation 172- Tuberculosis are a- micro-airophilic b- Facultative anaerobic c- Obligatory anaerobic d- Obligatory aerobic 173- According to pH, Lactobacillus is a- Neutrophlic bacteria b- Acidophilic bacteria c- Basophilic bacteria d- None of the above 174- Bacteria without cell Wall a- Chlamydia b- Rickettsia c- Mycoplasma d.- Spirochetes 175- Brucella Melitensis is a- Obligatory aerobic bacteria b- Obligatory anaerobic bacteria c- Facultative anaerobic bacteria d- Micro-aerophilic bacteria 176- Pseudomonas aeroginosa is a- Peri-trichous bacteria b- Lopho-trichous bacteria c- Amphi-trichous bacteria d- Monotrichous bacteria 177- Genetic information of bacteria is carried on a- Messenger RNA b- Transfer RN|A c- Transcript RNA d- Double – Stranded DNA 178- Thermophilic bacteria grow at a- 60 – 80 °C b- 0 - 20°C c-. 37°C d- 100 - 120°C 179- Acidophilic bacteria grow at a- pH 7.2 – 7.4 b- pH 5.0 – 5.5 c- pH 8.5 – 9.0 d- None of the above 180- Mycoplasma is a- Neutrophilic bacteria b- Acidophilic bacteria c- Basophilic bacteria d- All of the above 181- It is the adaptation of bacteria to the fresh medium a- Lag phase b- Decline phase c- Logarithmic Phase d- Stationary phase 182- Bacteria which do not cause hemolysis is a- Beta-Hemolytic b- Alpha-Hemolytic c- Gama Hemolytic d- None of the above 183- Normal flora of Lower intestine are all of the following except: a- Staphylococci b- Diphtheroids c- Shigella d- Lactobacillus 184- Opportunistic pathogens are all of the following except: a- Cause a disease when the host defense are suppressed. b- Are normal flora of healthy body c- Are greatly harmful d- Do not invade the body or tissue. 185- For disinfection of mattresses : a- Hot air oven b- Autoclave c- Ethylene Oxide d- Hydrogen Peroxide 186- Pyschrophilic bacteria grow at: a- 10٠°C b- 6٠°C c- 14°C d- 37°C 187- Bacteria which contain chlorophyll a- Heterotrophic bacteria b- Autotrophic bacteria c- Photosynthetic bacteria d- All of the above 188- Tricophyton is one of a- Yeast b- Moulds c- Dermatophyte d- Dimorphic Fungi 189- Plastomyces is one of a- Dermatophytes b- Dimorphic Fungi c- Yeast d- Moulds 190- Color of gram negative bacteria is a- Violet b- Green c- Red d- Black 191- Acid Fast Bacteria a- Salmonella b- Shigella c- M. Tuberculosis d- E – Coli 192- Spherical or avoid cells occurring in chains a- Staphylococci b- Streptococci c- Lactobacillus d- Spiro chaeta 193- ……………… carries the genetic information a- the envelope b- the capsid c- the nucleic acid d- the prion 194- …………………… may be seen under light microscope a- rota virus b- influenza virus c- herps virus d- pox virus 195- viruses may be: a- monomorphic b- pleomorphic c- dimorphic d- all of the above 196- viral capside is formed of: a- protein b- glycogen c- lipoprotein bilayer d- glycoprotein 197- class III in Baltimor classification is: a- double stranded DNA viruses b- single stranded DNA viruses c- double stranded RNA viruses d- single stranded RNA viruses 198- Hierarchial virus classification system use the following characters except: a- nature of nucleic acid b- capside symmetry c- diameter of viron & capside d- virus molecular weight 199- in viral replication which is true: a- penetration is the 1st step b- assembly is the last step c- relaease is the last step d- all of the above 200- viron: a- may be extracellular phase of virus b- may be intracellular phase of virus c- can grow and replicate d- means “ virus – like “ 201- pleomorphic viruses means : a- virus which have constant shape b- virus that may appear in 2 forms c- virus that have not a constant morphology d- virus that have spherical shape 202- vapor of gold is used in : a- shadow casting technique b- negative staining technique c- positive staining technique d- non of the above 203- direct diagnosis of virus : a- ELISA Antibody b- CFT c- IFT d- PCR virus 204- all of the following are required in cell culture except: a- neutral PH b- presence of buffer salts c- presence of antibiotics d- incubation at 20 C (( 30-37 C)) 205- all of the following are diagnostic molecular biological technique except: a- PCR b- ELISA c- nucleic acid hyperdization d- DNA finger printing 206- PCR require all of the following except: a- extracted DNA template b- 2 specific primers c- reation buffer d- RNA polymerase 207- bacteriophage is : a- virus that can be killed by antibiotic b- virus that act like a bacteria c- bacteria that act like a virus d- virus that infect bacteria 208- all of the following viruses are transmitted by blood except: a- HIV b- HBV c- HCV d- herps virus 209-all of the following are RNA viruses except: a- corona viridase b- reoviridase c- picorona viridase d- pox viridase 210- penetration of naked virus is by : a- fusion b- endocytosis c- translocation d- all of the above 211- amniotic cavity inoculation is one type of virus culture in: a- tissue wall b- lab animals c- embryonated egg d- non of the above 212- …………….. is an invitro method amplification of a short sequence of target DNA a- PCR b- hyberdization c- finger printing d- all of the above 213- nucleic acid hyberdization means: a- probe anneling or binding with it’s complementary segment of NA b- fragmentation of nucleic acid c- amplification of nucleic acid d- non of the above 214- DNA hyberdization is performed by: a- primers b- DNA labeled probe c- restriction endonuclease d- non of the above 215-PCR starts with : a- annealing b- denaturation of DNA c-extension of primers d- non of the above 216- ……………….. is a piece of DNA fragment of a particular gene that can bind specially with it’s complementary piece of DNA: a- codon b- probe c- LCR d- code 217- how many primers are used in PCR : a- non b- one c- two d- three 304-Lowenstein-Jensen media is used for the isolation for: a- neisseria gonorrhea b- mycobacterium tuberculosis c- haemophilus influenza d- staphylococcus aureus 305- Hekton-Enteric agar is the selective media for: a- salmonella b- streptococcus c- staphylococcus d- all of the above 306- the selective media for isolation of fungi is: a- S-S agar b- XLD agar c- sabouraud glucose agar d- Hekton-Enteric agar 307- gram positive rods with Chinese letter appearance: a- mycobacterium tuberculosis b- corynebacteria diphtheria c- clostridium tetani d- staphylococcus pneumonia 308- E lek test is done to diagnose : a- streptococcus b- staphylococcus aureus c- clostridium tetani d- corynebacteria diphtheria 309- all are lactose fermenter except: a- E-COLI b- proteus c- klebsiella d- enterobacter 310- produce pale colonies on MacConkey’s agar and have tendency to swarm on blood agar: a- salmonella b- shigella c- klebsiella d- proteus 311- lactose frementer gram negative bacilli with mucoid growth: a- salmonella b- shigella c- klebsiella d- proteus 312-non lactose fermenter gram negative bacilli produce H2S : a- salmonella b- shigella c- klebsiella d- proteus 313- Widal test is done for diagnosis of : a- salmonella b- shigella c- E-coli d- klebsiella 314- the causative agent of enteric fever: a- salmonella b- shigella c- klebsiella d- proteus 315- the most common cause of urinary tract infection : a- E-coli b- salmonella c- shigella d- streptococcus 316- an important cause of diarrhea in infant: a- staphylococcus b- E-coli c- salmonella d- shigella 317- the most common causative agent for peptic ulcer : a- campylobacter b- H-pylori c- V-cholera d- all of the above 318- TCBS is the selective media for isolation of: a- H-pylori b- V-cholera c- E-coli d- H influenza 319- gram negative bacilli strict aerobes grows on simple media producing a characteristic greenish pigment: a- campylobacter b- pseudomonas c- pasterulla d- bordetella 320- the bacteria which cause scarlet fever: a- staphylococcus b- streptococcus c- salmonella d- shigella 321- antistreptolysin O titer (ASO) is done for the diagnosis of: a- group A streptococcus b- group B streptococcus c- staphylococcus aureus d- staphylococcus albus 323- Loffler’s serum is used for isolation of: a- anthrax b- clostridium c- diphtheria d- T.B 324- gas gangrene is caused by: a- clostridium tetani b- clostridium botulinum c- clostridium welchii d- non of the above (( clostridium perfinges )) 325- Bacillary dysentery is caused by: a- salmonella b- shigella c- cholera d- all of the above 326- the cause of plague: a- Y-enterocolitica b- Y-pestis c- Y pseudotuberculsois d- non of the above 327- treponema palladium is the cause of : a- T.B b- gonorrhea c- syphilis d- AIDS 328- the venereal disease research laboratory test (VDRL) is done for diagnosis of: a- T.B b- gonorrhea c- syphilis d- AIDS 329- Trachoma is caused by: a- mycoplasma b- chlamydiae c-richettsia d- mycobacteria 391- M-tuberculsis bacilli stain with : a- gram stain b- Zheil Nelson stain c- Gimesa stain d- all of the above 392- AIDS is transmitted through : a- food b- blood c- semen d- (b) & (c) 393- bacteria which cause syphilis: a- Neisseria gonorrhea b- Viencent angina c- Treponema palladium d- Yersinia pestis 394- to diagnose syphilis: a- RPR b- VDRL c- Wasserman d- all of the above 395- streptococci secret: a- streptolysin O b- streptolysin S c- streptokinase d- all of the above 396- disease caused by streptococci: a- scarlet fever b- purperal sepsis c- rheumatic fever d- all of the above 397- staphylococci secrets: a- coagulase enzyme b- fibrinolysin c- hyaluronidase d- all of the above 398- gram positive bacilli: a- Klebsilla b- Salmonella c- Proteus d- C-diphtheria 399- meningeococcal meningitis is transmitted by : a- food b- droplet c- touch d- all of the above 400- dark field microscopy is used to diagnose : a- T.B. b- syphilis c- gonorrhea d- AIDS 401- it cause food poisining with flacid paralysis: a- clostridium tetani b- clostridium welchii c- clostridium botulinium d- all of the above 402- the infective stage of plasmodium vivax : a-merozoites b- sporozoites c- schizont d- trophozoite 403- Pirenella conica snail is the intermediate host of: a- schistosoma haematobium b- fasciola hiptica c- heterphyes heterophyes d- diphyllobothrium latum 404- Bulinus truncates snail is the intermediate host of : a- fasciola hepatica b- fasciola gigantica c- schistosoma haematobium d- schistosoma mansonii 405- to isolate meningiococci we have to culture the sample on: a- Bordet Gengou b- modified Thayer martin media c- Lowenstein Jensen media d- all of the above 406- to isolate fungi : a- Brain-Heart infusion media b- tissue culture c- Lowenstein –Jensen media d- chocolate agar 407- to isolate H- influenza: a- blood agar b- chocolate agar c- mac Conkey media d- all of the above 408- the bacteria which cause pseudomembrainous conjunctivitis : a- N.gonorrhea b- C. diphtheria c- staphylococcus d- Chlamydia 409- the best sample to diagnose meningitis : a- blood b- sputum c- CSF d- urine 410- used to stain Chlamydia a- gram stain b- giemsa stain c- wright stain d- all of the above 411-……….. is used as transport medium for sample in which cholera is suspected a- Cary-Blair media b- Stuart media c- Alkaline peptone water d- glycerol 412- the color of XLD medium: a- green b- red c- yellow d- blue 413- CIN medium is used to isolate: a- E.coli b- Vibrio cholera c- yersinia d- salmonella 414- to make wet mount preparation: a- 10 % KOH b- 10 % Na OH c- 10 % Na CO3 d- 10% Na Cl 415- we do wet mount preparation for vaginal smear To diagnose: a- T.vaginalis b- N.gonorrhea c- streptococci d- staphylococci 416- to isolate viruses: a- Loeffler media b- tissue culture c- Bordet –Gengou media d- Brain- Heart infusion 417- to diagnose whooping cough : a- Bordet –Gengou media b- Lowenstein –Jensen media c- modified Thayer martin media d- New York city agar 418- to diagnose systemic infection we do : a- urine culture b- CSF culture c- blood culture d- sputum culture 419- we give no growth for blood culture after: a- 1 week b- 8 weeks c- 6 weeks d- 3 weeks 420- to dissolve mucous in sputum sample : a- 10% NaOH b- 30 % NaOH c- 10 % KOH d- 10% NaCl 421- mutualism means: a- one partener benefits , other unaffected b- both partner benefit c- one partner benefit , other damaged d- living together 422- Commensalisms means: a- living together b- one partner benefit , other damaged c- both partner benefit d- one partner benefits , other unaffected 423- Balantidium coli moves by: a- flagella b- cilia d- pseudopod d- all of the above 424- Mouth inhabitant: a- Trichomonas hominis b- Trichomonas tenax c- Trichomonas vaginalis d- giardia lamblia 425- Transmitted by sexual intercourse: a- toxoplasma b- giardia lamblia c- Trichomonas vaginalis d- all of the above 465- citrate utilization test is done to assist identification of: a- gram +ve bacteria b- gram –ve bacteria c- entrobacteria d- enterococcus 466- the Kovac's reagent used in the following biochemical tests: a- catalase b- coagulase c- indole d- methyl red 467- positive results for H2S production appear as …. Colour: a- black c- yellow c- red d- green 468-………. Give positive coagulase test: a- streptococci b- staphylococcus aureus c- staphylococcus saprophyticus d- Escherichia coli 469- methyl red test is performed with: a- Erlich reagent b- Kovac's reagent c- Voges proskaur d- non of the above 470- ………… give positive result with urease test: a- salmonella b- shigella c- Y. enterocolitica d- all of the above 471-…………. test is used to differentiate between bacteroides & brucella: a- indole b- methyl red c- H2S production d- nitrate reduction 472- DNAase test is positive with: a- streptococcus pneumonia b- E.coli c- staphylococcus aureus d- staphylococcus epidermis 473- ………… solution used in the gram stain technique acts as a mordant: a- crystal violet b- safranine c- iodine d- alcohol 474- the counter stain in Ziehl- Neelson stain is : a- malachite green b- methylene blue c- iodine d- (a) & (b) 475- bile solubility test is positive with : a- streptococcus viridans b- streptococcus pneumonia c- streptococcus agalectiae d- streptococcus pyrogenes 476-litmus milk decolorization test assist the identification of : a- entrobacteria b- bacteroides c- brucella d- enterococci CHEMISTRY 330- ………….. are substance produced by specialized cells of the body and carried by blood stream where it affect other specialized cells: a- vitamins b- enzymes c- isoenzyme d- hormones 331- …………… is a protein which catalyse one or more specific biochemical reaction and not consumed during the reaction: a- enzymes b- hormones c- vitamins d- proteins 332- ………… is required in the hepatic synthesis of prothrombin and the blood clotting factors and it’s deficiency is observed in newborn infants: a- vitamin E b- vitamin A c- vitamin K d- vitamin D 333- there are enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but differ in there physical properties: a- vitamins b- adjuvents c- isoenzyme d- hormones 334- it’s functionis to maintain adequate serum level of calcium: a- vitamin E b- vitamin A c- vitamin K d- vitamin D 335-the inhibitor and substrate bind at different sites on the enzyme this type of inhibition is called: a- competitive inhibition b- non competitive inhibition c- surface recognition d- product concentration 336- ……….. found in cartilage consist of a core protein to which the linear carbohydrates chain are covalently attached: a- glycoprotein b- proteoglycan c- link protein d- hyaluronic acid 337- …………… is synthesized only by micro-organism , it’s not present in plants but present in liver , it’s deficiency leads to pernicious anemia: a- vit C b- vit B12 c-vit B1 d- vit B2 338- the brown color of the stool is due to the presence of: a- urobilinogen b- urobilin c- porphyrin d- bilirubin 339- the degradation of heme takes place in the …………. particularly in the liver and spleen a- reticulocytes b- erythrocytes c- reticuloendothelial cells d- non of the above 340- increased Hb destruction , the liver is unable to cup the greater load of pigment and bilirubin level well rises this is called : a- hepatogenous jaundice b- hemolytic jaundice c- obstructive jaundice d- non of the above 341- ………… plays a role in visual cycle it’s deficiency leads to night blindness, β-carotene is the major precursor of this vitamin in human: a- vitamin E b- vitamin A c- vitamin K d- vitamin D 342- a large percentage of the ……….. requirement in humans is supplied by intestinal bacteria: a- biotin b- niacin c- folic acid d- thiamin 343- ………….. are organic compounds required by the body in trace amount , can’t be synthesized by humans , but supplied by diet: a- enzymes b- vitamins c- hormones d- proteins 344- it facilitate the absorption of iron by reducing it to ferrus state in the stomach and it’s deficiency result in scurvy: a- vit C b- vit B c- vit D d- vit A 345- it’s function is to transport oxygen from the lung to the tissue: a- haptoglobin b- hemoglobin c- bilirubin d- myoglobin 346- ………….. act as an antioxidant and it’s deficiency cause liver degeneration: a- vit E b- vit A c- vit K d- vit D 347- it’s caused by liver parenchyma damage , the excretion of bile greatly decreased and the concentration of bilirubin in the blood rise : a- hemolytic jaundice b- hepatogenous jaundice c- obstructive jaundice d- non of the above 348- ……… play an essential role in body metabolism , a deficiency or excess may lead to serious dearrangement of body function: a- enzymes b- hormones c- vitamins d- isoenzymes 349- …………. will interfere with the chemical determination of bilirubin , giving high variable results: a- hemolysis b- hemoglobin c- vitamins d- hormones 350- in hemolytic jaundice there will be increase ……………. in serum: a- direct bilirubin b- indirect bilirubin c- total bilirubin d- all of the above 351- the inhibitor binds reversibly to the same site on the enzyme that the substrate normally occupy , this type of inhibition is called : a- competitive inhibition b- non competitive inhibition c- surface recognition d- product concentration 352- regulation of blood glucose level can be achieved by : a- hormonal mechanism b- hepatic and renal mechanism c- (a) & (b) d- non of the above 353- insulin is a hormone secretes by : a- α cell of islet of langerhans in pancreas b- β cell of islet of langerhans in pancreas c- suprarenal cortex d- non of the above 354- cholesterol is a component of all cell membrane and it’s the precursor of : a- bile acid b- steroid hormones c- vit D d- all of the above 355- anti diuretic hormone ( ADH) secretion is controlled by: a- rennin angiotensin b- plasma osmlality c- (a) & (b) d- non of the above 356- the electrophoresis is based on differential migration of : a- charged particles b- uncharged particles c- molecular weight d- (a) & (b) 357- acid base balance is regulated by : a- oxygen concentration b- hydrogen ion concentration c- nitrogen ion concentration d- (a) & (b) 358- it’s an increase in hydrogen ion concentration of the blood: a- acidosis b- alkalosis c- acid base balance d- (a) & (b) 359- over production of acid associated with : a- diabetes mellitus b- lactic acidosis c- methanol poisoning d- all of the above 360- serum bicarbonate is decreased in: a- respiratory acidosis b- metabolic acidosis c- renal tubular acidosis d- all of the above 361- chronic deficiency in dietry calcium can lead to : a- anemia b- bronchial asthma c- osteoporosis d- non of the above 362- ………… is due to decrease blood CO2: a- metabolic acidosis b- respiratory acidosis c- respiratory alkalosis d- metabolic acidosis 363- …………. is the most important factor affecting body sodium content: a- aldosteron secretion b- antidiuretic hormone c- testosterone d- all of the above 364- haemosiderosis is : a- increase iron store b- decrease iron store c- increase hemoglobin d- decrease hemoglobin 365- if there’s a mixture of protein ( colloids) and salt ( crystalloid) they can be separated by : a- precipitation b- dialysis c- chromatography d- electrophoresis 366- the predominant cation in intracellular fluid is : a- sodium b- potassium c- calcium d- phosphorus 367- metabolic acidosis is due to : a- failure to secret acid b- bronchial asthma c- loss of bicarbonate d- (a) &(c) 368- high level of plasma ferritin may occur due to : a- inflammatory condition b- malignant disease c- liver disease d- all of the above 369- gonadal hormones estimation is important in : a- detection of ovulation b- assessment of amenorrhea c- evaluation of delayed puberty d- all of the above 370- the secretion of gonadal hormone is controlled by : a- LH b- FSH c- TSH d- (a) & (b) 371- the intensity of the color is directly proportional to the ………. of the analyte in the solution: a- dilution b- contamination c- concentration d- observation 372- the ………… contain information of any health or safety rich associated with use or exposure to hazardous chemicals: a- MSDS b- NFPA c- POLT d- OSHA 373- instraument used to measure color changes in the labs: a- microscope b- centrifuge c- photometer d- all of the above 374- the color coded signs used to identify flammable chemicals: a- blue b- yellow c- white d- red 375- quality assurance includes : a- personal orientation b- laboratory documentation c- knowledge of laboratory istraumentation d- all of the above 376- the laboratory procedure manual include: a- patient preparation b- specimen collection & processing c- specimen preservation , storage & transport d- all of the above 377- the principal of reflectance photometer a- measure the amount of light that pass through the solution b- measure the amount of light that the solution absorbs c- (a) & (b) d- non of the above 378- the blood cell counter include : a- aperture impedence cell counter b- Geiger counter c- microscopes d- all of the above 379- it is mession is to save lives , prevent injuries , and protect health of all workers in the lab. : a- MSDS b- NFPA c- POLT d- OSHA 380- ……………. requires 3 hours at 140 C ْ or 1 hour at 160 C ْ for complete sterilization a- hot air oven b- autoclave c- filteration d- all of the above 381- arterial blood samples are essential to do : a- CBC b- urea c-blood glucose d- blood gas analysis 382- vaccum tubes with green stopper contain: a- EDTA b- sodium citrate c- heparin c- no anticoagulant 383- serum separator tube is all of the following except: a- contain gel that separate serum from cells during centrifugation b- contain clot activator to speed clot formation c- has red & black mottled top stopper d- used for coagulation tests 384- for phlepotomy we use all of the following except: a- the hypodermic needle & syringe b- the vaccum tube system c- the monolet lancets d- the winged infusion set 385- lab. equipment should be cleaned and disinfected with : a- hypochlorite b- formaldehyde c- glutaraldehyde d- (b) & (c) 386- any blood split in the lab should be immediately swabbed with : a- hypochlorite b- alcohol c- soap d- water 387- CBC is performed using: a- serum b- well mixed EDTA whole blood c- plasma d- non of the above 388- which tube should be filled first in blood collection: a- tubes with anticoagulant b- tube without anticoagulant c- tubes for blood culture d- non of the above 389- the monojector is designed to be used with : a- the monolet lancet b- tenderlett c- tenderfoot d- non of the above 390- the site of choice for capillary puncture in newborns is : a- the earlobe b- middle finger c- the big toe d- the lateral medial planter heel surface  PARASITOLOGY 426- Intermediate host of Trypansom: a- triatoma megista b- sand fly c- tse tse fly d- anopheles 427- The cause of chaga's disease: a- trypanosoma gambiense b- trypansoma rhodesiense c- trypansoma cruzi d- leishmania braziliense 428- The cause of sleeping sickness: a- trypanosoma gambiense b- trypanosoma cruzi c- trypanosoma rhodesiense d- (a) & (c) 429- Cause Kala- azar: a- leishmania tropica b- leishmania braziliense c- leishmania donovani d- leishmania mexicana 430-cause oriental sore: a- plasmodium ovale b- leishmania tropica c- leishmania donovani d- trypanosoma rhodesiense 431- Its trophozite is shaped like a pear , has the 2 nuclei that resembles eyes and 4 pairs of flagella that look like hair: a- Trichomonas vaginalis b- entameoba histolytica c- giardia lamblia d- endolimax nana 432- Pear shaped trophozite with 4 anterior flagella and a 5th forming the outer edge of a short undulating membrane: a- Trichomonas hominis b- entameoba histolytica c- entameoba coli d- endolimax nana 433- sometimes it cause metastatic infection which involve liver, lung, brain or other viscera: a- giardia lamblia b- Trichomonas vaginalis c- entameoba histolytica d- balantidium coli 434- Intestinal ciliate: a- entameoba histolytica b- entameoba coli c- giardia lamblia d- balantidium coli 435- Asexual multiplication of plasmodium vivax takes place in: a- anopheles b- sand fly c- human c- tse tse fly 436- Plasmodium falciparam is transmitted by : a- triatoma megista b- tse tse fly c- anopheles d- sand fly 437- Moves by pseudopods: a- giardia lamblia b- balantidium coli c- entameoba histolytica d- Trichomonas vaginalis 438- it's one of the round worms: a- schistosoma mansoni b- schistosoma haematobium c- ascaris lumbricoides d- fasciola hepatica 439- it's one of the tape worms: a- ascaris lumbricoides b- ancylostoma duodenal c- trichuris tricura d- taenia saginata 440- barrel shapped egg, yellow brown in color with a colorless protruding mucoid plug in each end: a- egg of ascaris lumbricoides b- egg of ancylostoma duodenal c- egg of trichuris tricura d- egg of taenia saginata 441- large oval egg ,pale yellow brown in color has a characteristic side spine & contain a fully developed miracidium , the worm is: a- S.mansoni b- S. hematobium c- A. duodenal d- T. solium 442- large oval egg , pale yellow brown in color has an indistinct operculum and contains unsegmented ovum: a- S. hematobium b- fasciola hepatica c- heterophyes heterophyes d- taenia solium 443- round egg , embryo is surrounded by a thick brown radially striated wall , hooklets are present in the embryo: a- S. hematobium b- fasciola hepatica c- A. duodenal d- T. solium 444-oval colorless egg,flattened on one side & contains a larvae: a- hymenelopis diminuta b- dipylidium caninum c- entrobius vermicularis d- taenia saginata 445- the cause of malignant malaria: a- plasmodium vivax b- plasmodium ovale c- plasmodium malaria d- plasmodium falciparum 446- infection occur when infective filariform larvae penetrate the skin: a- ascaris lumbricoides b- ancylostoma duodenal c- fasciola hepatica d- heterophyes heterophyes 447- ……..lives in the liver and bile ducts of sheep and cattle: a- stronyloides stercoralis b- schistosoma mansoni c- fasciola hepatica d- ancylostoma duodenal 448-segment found in stool which is white & opaque & measures 20 mm long by 6mm wide with uterus that has a central stem and more than 13 side branches on each side…the worm is : a- fasciola hepatica b- trichuris trichuris c- heterophyes heterophyes d- taenia saginata 449- infection is by eating raw or under cooked fish: a- fasciola hepatica b- trichuris trichuris c- heterophyes heterophyes d- taenia solium 450- …… is transmitted by eating raw or under cooked beef: a- heterophyes heterophyes b- taenia saginata c- schistosoma mansoni d- ancylostoma duodenal BODY FLUID 451- urine output < 400 ml/24 hours is : a- polyuria b- anuria c- oligouria d- non of the above 452- precipitation of urates takes place in: a- acidic urine b- alkaline urine c- neutral urine d- all of the above 453- it's one of the causes of persistently acidic urine: a- urinary tract infection b- phenylketonurea c- excessive bicarbonate ingestion d- excessive ingestion of soda 454- common cause of proteinuria: a- alcoholism b- fasting > 18 hours c- diabetes mellitus d- Bence- Jones proteins 455- dipstick detect acetoacetic acid & acetone which react with: a- peroxides b- nitroprusside c- diazo compounds d- indoxyl esters 456- in dipstick bilirubin reacts with : a- nitroprusside b- peroxides c- indoxyl esters d- diazo compounds 457- among the common cause of hematouria: a- urogenital carcinoma b- diabetes mellitus c- heavy exercise d- metabolic disorder 458- large number of hyaline cast indicated: a- acute pyelonephritis b- proliferative glomerulonephritis c- heart failure d- all of the above 459- red cell casts indicates: a- acute pyelonephritis b- proliferative glomerulonephritis c- heart failure d- all of the above 460- crystals which look like envelope : a- triple phosphate b- cystine c- uric acid d- calcium oxalate 461- Biuret test is done to determine: a- glucose b- pentose c- protein d- galactose 462- the 1st tube of synovial fluid is for: a- hematology b- chemistry c- microbiology d- microscopy 463- square plate like crystals with notched corners in synovial fluid indicate: a- uric acid b- calcium pyrophosphate c- cholesterol d- monosodium urate 464- abnormal forms in semen should not exceed: a- 10 % b- 5 % c- 25 % d- 50 % Lab.Management 477-The process of getting things done through and with people operating in organized group toward a common goal is the a- management b- Organization c- Planning d- None of the above 478- Primary objectives in the planning are directed to a- the laboratory as a whole b- Increase the efficiency in the performance of the lab. test c- Decrease the costs in the performance of the lab. test d- All of the above 479- Forecasting needs for staff personnel means a-Prediction in relation to the kind of technician and technologist who will be working in the lab. b- Plan for the full utilization of efficient use of instrument c- Plan for the full use of space in the lab. d- None of the above 480-An organization a- Is formed when 2 or more persons are brought together to achieve a common goal b- Is closely related to planning c- Involves structuring activities and functions within institutions to achieve the goals and objects d- all of the above 481- The real behavior and relationships of organization members usually differ from their planned behavior and relationships. It is a- Formal organization b- Informal organization c- Space utilization d- None of the above 482- The intra lab. System includes the following except a- Calendar format b- Histogram format c- out of limits report sheet d- Proficiency testing and computer program 483- The out of limits report form provides a- Space for recording reagents changes b- Control lot number changes c- Serve as a general "dairy" of the test methodology d- All of the above 484- Patient preparation, specimen collection and technical performance of lab. test are general categories of………….. a- Planning b- Utilization of space c- Work flow d- Quality control 485-floor book manual includes the following except a- Test name b- Sample fluid c- Minimum volume d- Proper procedures for collecting routine and special tests 486- Collection procedure manual involve a- Blood collection from pediatric patients b- Intensive care blood collection c- Isolation techniques for lab. Personnel d- All of the above 487-On the container and \or lab requisition a- Patient's full name should be put b- Hospital number should be put c- Date of collection should be put d- All of the above 488 Accuracy referred to the following except a- Correctness and exactness of the test b- Closeness of the test to the true value c- True value determined by comparison to a standard d- reproducibility 489- Regarding precision the following is true except a- Reproducibility b- Closeness of the test results to one another when using the same specimen c- In the clinical lab it is expressed as (SD) and coefficient of variation d- The capability of the method to detect a small amount of substance with some assurance 490- Reliability is a- The ability of a method to measure only that substance being tested b- The ability of the test method to maintain its accuracy despite of extraneous circumstances c- The ability of the method to maintain accuracy, precision and ruggedness d- None of the above 491- …………….. This symbol in the flow chart means a- Beginning process b- Decision c- Manual operation d- Decision mod 492- This symbol in the flow chart means ( ) a-Beginning process b- Decision c- Direction flow d- Document 493- Work load on which personnel requirements are usually based is influenced by a- changes in volume b- Test mix c- Patient population d- All of the above 494- The physical features of the lab. one of the measures of a- forecasting of personnel needs b- Assessment of space utilization c- Time management d- None of the above 495- If P (E) is the probability of E we may express this definition as a- P (E) = m\N b- P (E) = N\m c- P (E) = m X N d- None of the above 496- When a test indicates a positive status when the true status is negative it is called a- positive test b- False positive test c- Negative test d- False negative test 497- The specificity of a test a- The probability of a positive test results or (presence of the symptoms) given the presence of the disease b- The probability of a negative test results or (absence of the symptoms) given the absence of the disease c- a and b d-None of the above 498- The largest collection of entities for which we have an interest at a particular time is called a- Population b- Sample c- Data d-All of the above 499- A sample is a- A part of a population b- The whole population c- Endless population d- None of the above 500- If we have 100 students and they are ranked by age beginning with the 4th student, every tenth student is chosen (the student no. 4 then 14 and 24 and so on) this type of sample is called a- Systemically selected sample b- A stratified selected sample c- Simple random sample d- Cluster selected sample 501-A point estimate is a- A single numerical value used to estimate the corresponding population parameter b- Tow numerical values defining a range of values include the parameter being estimated c- a and b d- None of the above 502-A statistical inference is a- A procedure by which we reach a conclusion about population based on the information obtained from the sample drawn from it b- The cause behind estimation in the health science fields c- Calculated data from the data of the sample that are approximation of the corresponding parameter d- None of the above 503- Estimator is a- the rule that tells us how to compute the single value which is called estimate b- Two numerical values defining the range of values c- a, b d- None of the above 504 The table which shows the way in which values of the variables are distributed among the specified class interval is called a- Relative frequency b- Ordered array c- Frequency table c- None of the above 505- The following are the ages of 5 patients seen in the emergency room in certain day 35, 30, 55, 40, 25 years the mean of their ages is a- 37 years b- 30 years c- 39 years d- 40 years 506- A mathematical tool designed to facilitate complex clinical decision in which many variables must be considered spontaneously is called a- Reference value b- Decision analysis c- Quality assurance d- None of the above