NURS 1013 Human Requirements PDF

Human Requirements NURS 1013 NUTRITION OBJECTIVES At the end of this session students will be able to : Relate the biological needs for nutrients to the concept of dietary allowances  Explain the rationale for dietary allowances  Identify variables which should be considered in determining RDAs ...

Human Requirements NURS 1013 NUTRITION OBJECTIVES At the end of this session students will be able to : Relate the biological needs for nutrients to the concept of dietary allowances  Explain the rationale for dietary allowances  Identify variables which should be considered in determining RDAs  DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES The Institute of Medicine of the US National Academy of Sciences (IOM) has developed DRIs  Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI)dietary reference intakes (DRI) that include   the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR),  Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA),  Adequate Intake (AI) and  Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) DEFINITIONS The RDA is the average daily intake level that is sufficient to meet the nutrient requirement of 97.5% of the population of apparently healthy persons of a given sex and age  EAR is the daily intake of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the requirement of 50% of apparently healthy individuals of a given sex and age.  DEFINITIONS UL is the highest level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effect for almost all individuals in a specified sex and age group  The AI is a recommended average daily nutrient intake level, based on experimentally derived intake levels or approximations of observed mean nutrient intake by a group (or groups) of apparently healthy people that are assumed to be adequate.  OTHER TERMS RELATED TO DRIs EER (Estimated Energy Requirements)- dietary energy intake level predicted to achieve and maintain energy balance in healthy normal weight individuals, given age, weight, gender and PAL.  AMDR (acceptable macronutrient distribution range):- suggested intake range for a given macronutrient that is sufficient for essential nutrients but not associated with chronic disease.  BASIS FOR DETERMINING ALLOWANCES  Methods used to determine nutrient intake recommendations  National surveys  Extrapolation from other populations  Observations of populations  Animal and human experiments  Chronic/deficiency disease  Epidemiology/intervention studies INTERRELATION OF DRIs AND HEALTH  Nutrition intake recommendations (DRIs) impact:  Dietary goals- pop targets for NCD prevention and public policy  Dietary guidelines- public health advice about the dietary practices that can optimize health and wellbeing in the community; takes account food cultures, cultural diversity, sustainability and cost REFERENCES Berryman, C. E., Lieberman, H. R., Fulgoni III, V. L., & Pasiakos, S. M. (2018). Protein intake trends and conformity with the Dietary Reference Intakes in the United States: analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001– 2014. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 108(2), 405-413.  Tucker, S. & Dauffenbach, V. (2011). Nutrition and diet therapy for nurses. Boston, USA: Pearson.  ASSIGNMENT Compare the risk of deficiency in individuals who consume foods at the EAR vs the RDA  Discuss the methodology used to create each RDA  Outline 3 importance of DRIs to health 