Niema Jeffers - Period 4 Learning Targets (PDF)

1. 1. I can explain the differences between the ideals and policies of Federalists and Democratic-Republicans. (KC 4.2) Federalists supported having a national bank believing it would solve national debt, loosely interpreting the constitution, strong federal government, they supported the British i...

1. 1. I can explain the differences between the ideals and policies of Federalists and Democratic-Republicans. (KC 4.2) Federalists supported having a national bank believing it would solve national debt, loosely interpreting the constitution, strong federal government, they supported the British in the War of 1812, high tariffs, supported large federal armies and navies. Democratic Republicans didn’t support the national bank because they believed it gave the federal government too much power, they were strict constitutionist, the supported the French in the War of 1812, they supported a weak federal government, and small navies and armies, they disliked high tariffs, and they favored agriculture while the Federalists wanted a more urban society. 2. I can evaluate the domestic and foreign policies of Thomas Jefferson. (KC 4.2) Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory from the French which expanded the US. He sent Lewis and Clark on an expedition which …He was popular among the Democratic Republican because he reduced the size of the federal military, reduced taxes and national debt, and kept the power of the central government limited. But he was also popular among the Federalists because he kept the national bank and he used Hamilton’s plan to reduce national debt(national bank, federal government assumes states debts, and higher taxes). He kept the neutrality policy of Washington and Adams. Jefferson also campaigned against federalist judges because they made biased rulings. 3. I can analyze the significance of the rulings of John Marshall and the development of the Supreme Court. (KC 4.2 & 4.3) John Marshall was a supreme Court judge who argued for federal courts to have more power by arguing the constitutionality of laws. He helped protect the rights of citizens and institutions by arguing laws were against the constitution that was originally suppose to protect the rights of citizens. Marbury v Madison: This case established the principle of a judiciary review for federal laws. Fletcher v Peck: Ruled a state law couldn’t pass a law making a contract invalid(deemed a state law unconstitutional). Martin v Hunter’s Lease: Ruled Supreme(federal) Court has power over state court in cases that have to do with the constitutional rights. Dartmouth v Woodward: Ruled states didn’t have the power to change the contracts of private institutions. McCollough v Maryland: Ruled that states didn’t have the power to tax federal institutions, “the power to tax is the power to destroy” 4. I can describe the causes and effects of the War of 1812. Include supporters and opponents of the war. (KC 4.3 & 4.4) The war of 1812 were caused by the British violating the US statement of neutrality in affairs between the British and the French. They also violated the US right to trade with anyone they wanted. (Britain controlled the seas because they had a strong navy). The British impressed American soldiers and seized US ships. British fire at a US ship. Barbary Pirates demanded tribute from Jefferson which he refused to give so they attacked US ships. Supporters of the war were War Haws who demanded they confront Natives and British for their actions and hoped to gain land in Canada from the war,.People who disagreed with the war were federalists 5. I can explain the economic specialization of each region of the US and how their economies were interconnected. (KC 4.3) The midwest provided corn and wheat to the South who decided to use all their land to plant cotton. The north provided 6. I can describe the Missouri Compromise, American System and Monroe Doctrine and how each would have been viewed by the 3 major US regions. (KC 4.3) **The Missouri Compromise kept the balance between states that allow slavery and didn’t allow slavery by bringing Maine in as a free state and Missouri as a slave state. States above the 36 30 latitude, slavery was abolished. The North was industrialized, against slavery, and had railroads. North was the commercial center of the nation. The South depended on farming, plantations, and slavery for their money. Cotton was the South’s larget crop over tobacco, rice, and sugar. The North needed cotton fromm the South to make clothes. The West took land from the Native Americans and provided wheat for the North and South. The Monroe Doctrine told the Europeans they had couldn’t colonize or intervene in the Western Hemisphere. Henry Clay’s American System was a plan for improving US economy by internal improvements, protective tariffs, and another national bank. 7. I can analyze how major inventions and developments in transportation changed the American economy during the Market Revolution. (KC 4.5) 8. I can explain the impact of the Market Revolution on society and the daily lives of Americans. (KC 4.6) 9. I can evaluate the policies of Andrew Jackson including the “Corrupt Bargain,” expansion of federal power, the Bank War, policies toward Native Americans, and “Jacksonian Democracy.” (KC 4.7 & 4.8) 10. I can describe American culture in the 19th century and what influenced that culture. (KC 4.9) 11. I can describe the Second Great Awakening and how it led to other reform movements. (KC 4.10) 12. I can evaluate the extent to which reform movements (abolitionism, women’s rights, morality, etc.) achieved their goals in the 1830s & 1840s. (KC 4.11) 13. I can explain transcendentalism and utopian communities. (KC 4.11) 14. I can explain the causes and effects of the expansion of slavery during the first half of the 19th century. (KC 4.12 & 4.13) 15. I can analyze opportunities and limitations for African Americans during the first half of the 19th century. (KC 4.12) PERIOD 4 TIMELINE (1800 - 1844). Extra notes: During the Era of Good Feelings, there was only one political party the Democratic Republicans. The Era of Good Feelings was the period during James Monroe’s presidency. The Panic of 1819 was an economic panic that ended economic success that happened as a result of the War of 1812. Texas wanted to be independent from Mexico but Mexico didn’t want Texas to join the US. This caused the America to go to war with Mexico for this territory.  C. 1790 - 1820s - SECOND GREAT AWAKENING The 2nd Great Awakening 1800 - “Revolution of 1800” Revolution of 1800 was the transfer of power from the Federalists to the Democratic Republicans. After the transfer of power from the Federalists to the Democratic Republicans, the federalists faded out. There were no federalists presidents after Adams before the federalist party faded out of relevance. 1803 - Marbury v. Madison [also include general information about the Marshall Court] Adams tried to send out midnight appointments to federalist judges before he left office. Unfortunately for Adams, the appointments didn’t deliver before he left office. William Marbury was one of the judges Adams sent an appointment to but he never received it. Jefferson told James Madison not to deliver the appointment and Marbury wanted to take Madison to court. The John Marshall ruled that Marbury had the right to his appointment but the Judiciary Act of 1789(which stated congress could regulate the rulings of federal courts) which Marbury used to argue his case was ruled unconstitutional because it expanded the courts power beyond what the Constitution allowed so he didn’t get his appointment. 1803 - Louisiana Purchase & Lewis & Clark Expedition The Louisiana Territory was sought after because Jefferson wanted to avoid getting entangled in a European affair and he couldn’t do that with Spain controlling one of their trading ports. Napoleon gave Jefferson’s officials the territory because he couldn’t control the territory and the French Revolution at the same time, it was becoming overwhelming. The officials came to Jefferson with all the territory and Jefferson was ecstatic because it would double the size of the US but people started to question the constitutionalism of the Purchase because buying land wasn’t in the Constitution. Jefferson, who was usually a strict constructionist decided to loosely interpret the constitution in this case saying ”the Constitution implies purchasing land.” By doing this he increased the power of federal government which upset a lot of people. Lewis and 1807 - Embargo Act The Embargo Act restricted imports from Britain or Spain? The goal was to increase purchase on domestic products. But it hurt the US more than it helped them. It led them to a economic depression. 1807 - Fulton invents the steamboat 1811 - Construction of Cumberland Road Begins 1812 - War of 1812 begins (discuss causes) 1814 - Hartford Convention 1815 - War of 1812 Ends (explain effects--include Era of Good Feelings) 1815 - Henry Clay advocates for the “American System” Early 19th century - MARKET REVOLUTION - (Cotton gin & its effects, sewing machine, telegraph, interchangeable parts, effects on workers, etc.) 1820 - Missouri Compromise 1823 - Monroe Doctrine 1823 - Stephen Austin granted land in Texas 1824 - The Election of 1824 and the “Corrupt Bargain” 1825 - Erie Canal completed 1828 - Jackson becomes president & uses the “spoils system” 1828 - 1833 - Tariff of Abominations & the Nullification Crisis 1830s - Jackson Battles the US Bank 1830s - Indian Removal and the Trail of Tears 1831 - William Lloyd Garrison founded Liberator Newspaper 1836 - Election of 1836 & rise of mass democracy 1836 - Lone Star Rebellion 1837 - John C. Calhoun claimed slavery is a “positive good” 1841 - 1845 - Tyler Presidency 1840s - Influx of Irish & German Immigrants