Nervous System Part 2 Updated.pptx PDF

The Nervous System Part 2 Nerve Tutor Impulses Debbie Hemington Module Biomedical Sciences GDC Learning Outcomes 1.1.5 Describe relevant and appropriate dental, oral, craniofacial and general anatomy and explain their application to patient Management 1.1.6 Describe relevant and appropr...

The Nervous System Part 2 Nerve Tutor Impulses Debbie Hemington Module Biomedical Sciences GDC Learning Outcomes 1.1.5 Describe relevant and appropriate dental, oral, craniofacial and general anatomy and explain their application to patient Management 1.1.6 Describe relevant and appropriate physiology and explain its application to patient management Intended learning outcomes As for part one Assessment Formative Summative An impulse is initiated by stimulation of sensory nerve endings or by the passage of an impulse from another nerve. A nerve impulse running TO the brain and CNS is known as Afferent (sensory). A nerve impulse running FROM the brain and CNS is known as Efferent (motor). Nerve impulses (action potential) Nerve impulses travel down the neurone Synaptic transmission Nerves are not joined together or connected. The point at which the nerve impulse jumps from one nerve to another = SYNAPSE Approx 1000 trillion synapses in your brain 13 Synaptic knobs contain spherical, membrane bound synaptic vesicles which store a chemical, the neurotransmitter, that is released into the synaptic cleft. 14 15 The journey of a neurotransmitter Synthesized by nerve cell bodies Actively transported along the axons Stored in the synaptic vesicles Released by exocytosis in response to the action potential Diffuse across the synaptic cleft Act on specific receptor sites on the post synaptic membrane. Action is short lived. After action, inactivated by enzymes or taken back into the synaptic knob. 16 Local anaesthetics block the nerve transmission to pain centres in the central nervous system by binding to and inhibiting the function of an ion channel in the cell membrane of nerve cells known as the sodium channel. This action obstructs the movement of nerve impulses near the site of injection, but there are no changes in awareness and sense perception in other areas. Excessive nerve impulses can result in NEURALGIA most commonly trigeminal neuralgia. The HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS lies dormant in the TRIGEMINAL GANGLION, when re-activated it travels down the TRIGEMINAL NERVE emerging on the lip and causing a cold sore.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =OvVl8rOEncE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =OZG8M_ldA1M https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =VitFvNvRIIY Apps: Thank you for listening. 20