NEJM_Notable_Articles_of_2023_in_Hematology_Oncology.pdf

Notable Articles of 2023 in Hematology & Oncology A collection of articles from the New England Journal of Medicine selected by NEJM editors Notable Articles of 2023 in Hematology & Oncology Table of Contents ORIGINAL ARTICLE Improved Outcomes with Enzalutamide in Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Ca...

Notable Articles of 2023 in Hematology & Oncology A collection of articles from the New England Journal of Medicine selected by NEJM editors Notable Articles of 2023 in Hematology & Oncology Table of Contents ORIGINAL ARTICLE Improved Outcomes with Enzalutamide in Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer RESEARCH SUMMARY: Improved Outcomes with Enzalutamide in Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer EDITORIAL: Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer — Tilting the Scale 1 2 3 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Base-Edited CAR7 T Cells for Relapsed T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia EDITORIAL: Engineering CAR T Cells for Off-the-Shelf Use 5 6 ORIGINAL ARTICLE CRISPR-Cas9 Editing of the HBG1 and HBG2 Promoters to Treat Sickle Cell Disease 11 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Vorasidenib in IDH1- or IDH2-Mutant Low-Grade Glioma RESEARCH SUMMARY: Vorasidenib in IDH1- or IDH2-Mutant Low-Grade Glioma EDITORIAL: Headway against Brain Tumors with Molecular Targeting of IDH-Mutant Gliomas EDITORIAL: Targeting IDH in Low-Grade Glioma 12 13 14 16 ORIGINAL ARTICLE First-Line Venetoclax Combinations in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia RESEARCH SUMMARY: First-Line Venetoclax Combinations in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia EDITORIAL: Time-Limited Initial Therapy for Young, Fit Patients with CLL 21 22 23 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Adagrasib with or without Cetuximab in Colorectal Cancer with Mutated KRAS G12C RESEARCH SUMMARY: Adagrasib with or without Cetuximab in Colorectal Cancer with Mutated KRAS G12C 25 26 BONUS CONTENT Explore these bonus notable articles from NEJM Evidence. NEJM EVIDENCE ORIGINAL ARTICLE Intraoperative Fluorescence Guidance for Breast Cancer Lumpectomy Surgery EDITORIAL: Something to Dye For: Toward Better Breast Lumpectomy Margins 28 29 NEJM EVIDENCE ORIGINAL ARTICLE Patient-Reported Outcomes 12 Years after Localized Prostate Cancer Treatment The New England Journal of Medicine is a publication of NEJM Group, a division of the Massachusetts Medical Society. ©2023 Massachusetts Medical Society, All rights reserved. 31 1 nejm.org Notable Articles of 2023 in Hematology & Oncology new england journal of medicine The October 19, 2023 established in 1812 vol. 389 no. 16 Improved Outcomes with Enzalutamide in Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer S.J. Freedland, M. de Almeida Luz, U. De Giorgi, M. Gleave, G.T. Gotto, C.M. Pieczonka, G.P. Haas, C.-S. Kim, M. Ramirez-Backhaus, A. Rannikko, J. Tarazi, S. Sridharan, J. Sugg, Y. Tang, R.F. Tutrone, Jr., B. Venugopal, A. Villers, H.H. Woo, F. Zohren, and N.D. Shore a bs t r ac t BACKGROUND Patients with prostate cancer who have high-risk biochemical recurrence have an increased risk of progression. The efficacy and safety of enzalutamide plus androgen-deprivation therapy and enzalutamide monotherapy, as compared with androgen-deprivation therapy alone, are unknown. METHODS In this phase 3 trial, we enrolled patients with prostate cancer who had high-risk biochemical recurrence with a prostate-specific antigen doubling time of 9 months or less. Patients were randomly assigned, in a 1:1:1 ratio, to receive enzalutamide (160 mg) daily plus leuprolide every 12 weeks (combination group), placebo plus leuprolide (leuprolide-alone group), or enzalutamide monotherapy (monotherapy group). The primary end point was metastasis-free survival, as assessed by blinded independent central review, in the combination group as compared with the leuprolide-alone group. A key secondary end point was metastasis-free survival in the monotherapy group as compared with the leuprolide-alone group. Other secondary end points were patient-reported outcomes and safety. The authors’ full names, academic degrees, and affiliations are listed in the Appendix. Dr. Shore can be contacted at [email protected] or at the Carolina Urologic Research Center, GenesisCare US, 823 82nd Parkway, Myrtle Beach, SC, 29572. N Engl J Med 2023;389:1453-65. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2303974 Copyright © 2023 Massachusetts Medical Society. A Quick Take is available at NEJM.org Read Full Article at NEJM.org RESULTS A total of 1068 patients underwent randomization: 355 were assigned to the combination group, 358 to the leuprolide-alone group, and 355 to the monotherapy group. The patients were followed for a median of 60.7 months. At 5 years, metastasis-free survival was 87.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 83.0 to 90.6) in the combination group, 71.4% (95% CI, 65.7 to 76.3) in the leuprolide-alone group, and 80.0% (95% CI, 75.0 to 84.1) in the monotherapy group. With respect to metastasis-free survival, enzalutamide plus leuprolide was superior to leuprolide alone (hazard ratio for metastasis or death, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.61; P77% TCRαβ-negative transplantation in marrow