NCERT AIR English.pdf

NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer 1. How many of the following statements (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the are correct regarding the atmosphere? correct explanation...

NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer 1. How many of the following statements (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the are correct regarding the atmosphere? correct explanation of A. a. The atmosphere is essential for (c) A is true, but R is false. maintaining life on Earth. (d) A is false, but R is true. b. Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere. c. Carbon dioxide is not responsible for 3. Consider the following statements the greenhouse effect. about the structure of the atmosphere: d. Oxygen is the least abundant gas in the a. The troposphere is the layer closest to atmosphere. the Earth's surface. Options: b. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, which protects from harmful solar (a) One radiation. (b) Two c. The thermosphere is where meteorites burn up. (c) Three d. The exosphere is the densest layer of (d) All the atmosphere. How many of the above statements are 2. Assertion (A): Global warming causes correct? the melting of polar ice caps, leading to a (a) One rise in sea levels. (b) Two Reason (R): Carbon dioxide, when increased due to human activities like (c) Three burning fossil fuels, traps more heat in the atmosphere. (d) All Options: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the 4. Which of the following correctly correct explanation of A. matches the type of wind with its description? 1  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer a. Permanent winds: Westerlies a. Winds move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. b. Seasonal winds: Monsoon b. Cyclones form in areas of low pressure. c. Local winds: Trade winds c. Trade winds blow from east to west in Options: the tropics. (a) Only a and b are correct Options: (b) Only b and c are correct (a) Only a and b (c) Only a is correct (b) Only b and c (d) All are correct (c) Only a and c (d) All of the above 5. Assertion (A): High-pressure areas are typically associated with clear skies and dry weather. 7. Which of the following factors influence air pressure? Reason (R): High-pressure zones form when cold air sinks and condenses, a. Altitude preventing cloud formation. b. Temperature Options: c. Humidity (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. How many of the above are correct? (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the (a) One correct explanation of A. (b) Two (c) A is true, but R is false. (c) All three (d) A is false, but R is true. (d) None 6. Consider the following statements 8. Assertion (A): The poles remain colder about winds: compared to the equatorial regions. 2  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer Reason (R): The amount of solar radiation 10. Consider the following statements decreases from the equator towards the about precipitation: poles. a. It occurs when water droplets in clouds Options: become too heavy to remain suspended. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the b. Convectional rainfall is caused by rising correct explanation of A. warm air. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the c. Orographic rainfall occurs when moist correct explanation of A. air is forced to rise over a mountain. (c) A is true, but R is false. How many of the above statements are correct? (d) A is false, but R is true. (a) One (b) Two 9. Which of the following statements is/are true about the ozone layer? (c) Three a. It is found in the stratosphere. (d) None b. It absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. 11. How many of the following statements c. Human activities like burning fossil fuels are correct about air circulation? directly damage the ozone layer. a. Warm air expands, becomes lighter, Options: and rises. (a) Only a and b are correct b. Cold air is denser and tends to sink. (b) Only b and c are correct c. Wind is the horizontal movement of air caused by temperature variations. (c) Only a is correct Options: (d) All are correct (a) One (b) Two 3  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer (c) All three (b) Only b and d (d) None (c) Only a and c (d) All of the above 12. Assertion (A): The mesosphere is the coldest layer of the atmosphere. 14. Which of the following statements are Reason (R): The mesosphere burns up true about the greenhouse effect? meteorites entering the atmosphere due to friction. a. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Options: b. The greenhouse effect traps heat radiated from the Earth's surface. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. c. Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would become much colder. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. Options: (c) A is true, but R is false. (a) Only a is correct (d) A is false, but R is true. (b) Only b and c are correct (c) Only a and b are correct 13. Consider the following types of winds: (d) All are correct a. Trade winds b. Westerlies 15. Assertion (A): Carbon dioxide is essential for plant photosynthesis. c. Easterlies Reason (R): Plants use carbon dioxide to d. Monsoon winds release oxygen through respiration. Which of the following are permanent Options: winds? (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the (a) Only a and b correct explanation of A. 4  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the c. The height of the troposphere is correct explanation of A. constant across the globe. (c) A is true, but R is false. Options: (d) A is false, but R is true. (a) One (b) Two 16. Consider the following statements (c) All three regarding global warming: (d) None a. Global warming is primarily caused by an increase in carbon dioxide levels. b. Global warming leads to the melting of 18. Assertion (A): The thermosphere helps ice caps and glaciers. in radio transmission. c. Global warming has no significant Reason (R): The ionosphere, located in impact on coastal regions. the thermosphere, reflects radio waves back to Earth. Which of the above statements are correct? Options: (a) Only a and b (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. (b) Only b and c (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the (c) Only a and c correct explanation of A. (d) All are correct (c) A is true, but R is false. (d) A is false, but R is true. 17. How many of the following statements about the troposphere are correct? 19. Which of the following layers of the a. The troposphere is the lowest layer of atmosphere is free from weather the atmosphere. phenomena? b. Almost all weather phenomena, like a. Troposphere rainfall and storms, occur in this layer. 5  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer b. Stratosphere b. Areas with high temperatures usually have low pressure. c. Mesosphere c. Air pressure is uniform at all points on Options: Earth. (a) Only a Options: (b) Only b (a) One (c) Only c (b) Two (d) Only a and c (c) All three (d) None 20. Assertion (A): Wind speed increases in areas of low pressure. 22. Assertion (A): Rainfall is an important Reason (R): Air moves from areas of high source of groundwater replenishment. pressure to low pressure, causing wind. Reason (R): Rainwater infiltrates the Options: ground, restoring underground water (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the reserves. correct explanation of A. Options: (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. correct explanation of A. (c) A is true, but R is false. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the (d) A is false, but R is true. correct explanation of A. (c) A is true, but R is false. 21. How many of the following statements (d) A is false, but R is true. about atmospheric pressure are correct? a. Atmospheric pressure decreases with 23. Consider the following about clouds: height. 6  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer a. Clouds are formed when water vapor (c) Only c condenses into water droplets. (d) All of the above b. Clouds are generally found in the stratosphere. c. Clouds play a role in the water cycle by 25. Assertion (A): Warm air can hold more producing precipitation. moisture than cold air. Which of the above statements is/are Reason (R): Higher temperatures allow air correct? to retain a greater amount of water vapor. (a) Only a Options: (b) Only a and c (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. (c) Only b (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the (d) All are correct correct explanation of A. (c) A is true, but R is false. 24. Which of the following instruments are (d) A is false, but R is true. used to measure weather elements? 26. How many of the following statements are correct about rainfall? a. Barometer – Measures wind speed. a. Convectional rainfall occurs when warm air rises and cools. b. Thermometer – Measures temperature. b. Cyclonic rainfall is caused by c. Rain gauge – Measures the amount of large-scale atmospheric disturbances. rainfall. c. Orographic rainfall occurs when air is Options: forced to rise over a mountain. (a) Only a and b Options: (b) Only b and c (a) One 7  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer (b) Two (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. (c) All three (c) A is true, but R is false. (d) None (d) A is false, but R is true. 27. Which of the following gases contribute to the greenhouse effect? 29. Consider the following about temperature variations: a. Carbon dioxide a. Insolation is the main factor influencing b. Nitrogen the distribution of temperature on Earth. c. Methane b. Temperature decreases from the poles Options: toward the equator. (a) Only a and b c. Urban areas tend to have higher temperatures than rural areas. (b) Only a and c Which of the following is/are correct? (c) Only b and c (a) Only a (d) All of the above (b) Only b (c) Only a and c 28. Assertion (A): Areas with high humidity often experience discomfort due to (d) All are correct sweating. Reason (R): In humid conditions, sweat 30. Assertion (A): Sea breezes help cool does not evaporate easily, making the coastal areas during the day. body feel hotter. Reason (R): Sea breezes occur because Options: the land heats up faster than the sea, (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the causing air to move from the sea to the correct explanation of A. land. Options: 8  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the Reason (R): The amount of insolation correct explanation of A. decreases from the equator toward the poles. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. Options: (c) A is true, but R is false. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. (d) A is false, but R is true. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. 31. How many of the following statements (c) A is true, but R is false. are correct regarding cloud formation? (d) A is false, but R is true. a. Clouds form when water vapor condenses into droplets. b. Clouds are found only in the 33. Consider the following factors troposphere. influencing temperature distribution: c. The droplets in clouds eventually a. Latitude combine to form precipitation. b. Altitude Options: c. Proximity to oceans (a) One Which of the following are correct? (b) Two (a) Only a and b (c) All three (b) Only b and c (d) None (c) Only a and c (d) All are correct 32. Assertion (A): The temperature decreases as we move away from the equator toward the poles. 34. Assertion (A): Land heats up faster than water. 9  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer Reason (R): Land has a lower heat Reason (R): The presence of large water capacity compared to water. bodies increases evaporation, leading to higher moisture in the air. Options: Options: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. (c) A is true, but R is false. (c) A is true, but R is false. (d) A is false, but R is true. (d) A is false, but R is true. 35. How many of the following statements are correct about air pressure? 37. Consider the following statements about cyclones: a. Air pressure decreases with altitude. a. Cyclones form in low-pressure areas. b. High-pressure areas are usually associated with cloudy weather. b. They are typically associated with strong winds and heavy rain. c. Low-pressure areas often have heavy rainfall. c. Cyclones only occur over oceans. Options: Which of the above statements are correct? (a) One (a) Only a and b (b) Two (b) Only b and c (c) All three (c) Only a and c (d) None (d) All are correct 36. Assertion (A): Humidity is higher in coastal areas compared to inland regions. 10  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer 38. Assertion (A): Cities tend to be warmer than rural areas. 40. Assertion (A): The Earth’s atmosphere Reason (R): Urban areas have more acts as a protective layer. concrete, metal, and asphalt that retain heat, leading to higher temperatures. Reason (R): It absorbs harmful solar radiation and retains heat to maintain a Options: livable temperature on Earth. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the Options: correct explanation of A. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. correct explanation of A. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the (c) A is true, but R is false. correct explanation of A. (d) A is false, but R is true. (c) A is true, but R is false. (d) A is false, but R is true. 39. How many of the following statements are correct about the stratosphere? 41. Consider the following types of a. The stratosphere is free from weather precipitation: disturbances. a. Rain b. It contains the ozone layer, which protects life on Earth. b. Snow c. The stratosphere is the closest layer to c. Hail Earth. Which of the above are forms of Options: precipitation? (a) One (a) Only a and b (b) Two (b) Only b and c (c) All three (c) All three (d) None (d) None 11  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer (c) All three 42. Assertion (A): Convectional rainfall (d) None occurs due to the heating of the Earth’s surface. Reason (R): Warm air rises, cools, and 44. Assertion (A): Carbon dioxide levels in condenses to form clouds, leading to the atmosphere are increasing. rainfall. Reason (R): The burning of fossil fuels Options: releases carbon dioxide, contributing to climate change. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. Options: (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. correct explanation of A. (c) A is true, but R is false. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. (d) A is false, but R is true. (c) A is true, but R is false. (d) A is false, but R is true. 43. How many of the following statements are correct about the water cycle? a. Evaporation occurs when water is 45. Consider the following statements heated by the sun. about seasonal winds: b. Clouds are formed by the condensation a. Seasonal winds change direction with of water vapor. the seasons. c. Precipitation returns water to the Earth's b. The monsoon is an example of surface. seasonal winds. Options: c. Seasonal winds blow consistently throughout the year. (a) One Which of the above statements are (b) Two correct? 12  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer (a) Only a and b Options: (b) Only b and c (a) One (c) Only a and c (b) Two (d) All are correct (c) All three (d) None 46. Assertion (A): Clouds are essential for the water cycle. 48. Assertion (A): Wind direction is Reason (R): Clouds are formed by the influenced by the Coriolis effect. condensation of water vapor and bring precipitation. Reason (R): The Earth’s rotation causes moving air to turn to the right in the Options: Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. Options: (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. correct explanation of A. (c) A is true, but R is false. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. (d) A is false, but R is true. (c) A is true, but R is false. (d) A is false, but R is true. 47. How many of the following statements are correct about local winds? a. Local winds blow over small areas for a 49. How many of the following statements short period. are correct about humidity? b. The "loo" is a hot and dry wind that a. Humidity refers to the amount of water blows over northern India in summer. vapor in the air. c. Local winds are constant throughout the b. As temperature increases, the capacity year. of air to hold water vapor decreases. 13  NCERT TEST, CHAPTER - AIR Marking: 1 mark for each correct answer, -0.25 for each incorrect answer c. High humidity makes it difficult for sweat to evaporate. Options: (a) One (b) Two (c) All three (d) None 50. Assertion (A): The Earth’s atmosphere helps maintain a stable climate. Reason (R): The atmosphere regulates the planet's temperature by trapping heat from the sun. Options: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. (c) A is true, but R is false. (d) A is false, but R is true. 14