Music 10 Reviewer PDF

MUSIC 10 REVIEWER Technological advancements is a continuous process of innovation, improvement, and integration of new tools, techniques, and systems to enhance efficiency, productivity, and convenience in various fields. Impressionism- Is a movement in painting that started in France in the 1860...

MUSIC 10 REVIEWER Technological advancements is a continuous process of innovation, improvement, and integration of new tools, techniques, and systems to enhance efficiency, productivity, and convenience in various fields. Impressionism- Is a movement in painting that started in France in the 1860s - Artists paint with many colors and their usual is outdoor. - Impressionists focus on suggestions and atmosphere rather than depicting emotions. - Described generally as refinement, delicacy and vagueness - Projects hazy atmosphere and dreamlike quality CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPRESSIONISM MUSIC Tone color – the quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another Fluidity - the lack of a strong rhythmic pulse Atmosphere - how music feels and sounds FAMOUS IMPRESSIONIST COMPOSERS Achille-claude Debussy- was called as the first impressionist composer - Was influenced by the sumbolist poetic movement of the late 19th century and regarded classical music as obsolete. - Born to a modest family on August 22, 1862 and died March 25, 1918 due to rectal cancer - First documented musical experience dates back from 1870-1871 - October 25, 1872 – attended first Conservatoire piano class under Jean-Francois Marmontel - Had more French influence to his music no matter what style was considered in at the time. - Walked to his own tune instead of playing to what people need. - Did put his all into his music while also expecting perfection Famous Works - Images -Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun - Pelleas et Melisande -La Mer - Engulfed Cathedral -Nocturne - Claire de Lune Joseph Maurice Ravel- born on March 7, 1875 and died December 28, 1937 - Known for experimenting with elements of modernism, baroque, neoclassical, and jazz in his works. - Took his first piano lesson under Henry Ghys after his 7th birthday - June 2, 1889 – first public performance, an excerpt from Moscheles’s “Third Concerto” - November 4, 1889 – began career in the Paris Conservatoire - Played his music in order to please the audience no matter what his personal decision would have been. - Grew with the times and adjusted his music to fit the changing times. - Perfected his music, but always seemed to hold back when he wrote. Dr. Antonio Molina- one of the 20th century Filipino composers who wrote art music. - Filipino composer, conductor and music administrator. - National Artist of the Philippines for his services to music. - He was called the “Claude Debussy of the Philippines” for composing with impressionism characteristics. - One of his famous works is the piano piece “Malikmata.” Famous works - Bolero- (1928) he uses repetition in the development of music - La Valse , Ma merel’oie, Miroirs Expressionism- this evokes moods and ideas for which the artist seeks to express meaning or emotional experience rather than physical reality Expressionism in music originated in the visual arts like impressionism, however it is a nightmarish reaction to the dreamlike sweetness of impressionism. Expressionism in music- conveys true emotions in exaggeration through the application of atonality and dissonance or the lack of agreement and consistency in music. Expressionist music is atonal which means that the harmony and chords are not strictly observed and all the 12 notes are given equal importance. CHARACTERISTICS OF EXPRESSIONISM MUSIC - high degree of dissonance - extreme contrasts of dynamics - constant changing of textures, distorted melodies and harmonies, angular melodies with wide leaps Arnold Schoenberg (1874- 1951)- Austrian-American music theorist, composer, professor, painter and writer who taught himself music theory but took lessons in counterpoint. - He was famous for developing a system called 12-tone scale/music. Schoenberg Compositions: - Verklarte Nacht - Pierrot Lunaire - Three Pieces for Piano - Violin Concerto EXPRESSIONISM - Chamber symphony - Emerged during the beginning of the 20th IMPRESSIONISM century - Emerged during the late 19th and early 20th century - The term was probably first applied to music in - It was a philosophical and aesthetic term borrowed from 1918, especially to Schoenberg because like the painter Wassily Kandinsky, he avoided “tradition late 19th century French painting, Impression, Sunrise by Monet - Debussy and Ravel are the famous composers forms of beauty” to convey powerful feelings in - Has more light and sensuous style his music. - Schoenberg is one of the most famous composers - Has more serious and psychological style Modernism- was a break with the past and the concurrent search for new forms of expression and was another Avant-garde movement in music. Avant-garde- refers to compositions that are innovative, experimental and generally break the trend of what is considered the norm. Electronic Music - one of the largest developments of 20th music. This music is produced by electronic components. - This can be produced from various resources. - Music is played through loudspeakers either alone or together with other instruments.\ FEATURES OF ELECTRONIC MUSIC - Not limited to human performers - Create new ways in notating their work - Considered time instead of the elements beat and meter DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF ELECTRONIC MUSIC Tape Music Stage (1940s to 1950s)- live or concrete sounds are recorded Sound recorded can be treated in by 4 ways: 1. Altering speed of the tape 2. Reversing its direction 3. Cutting and splicing the tape to form a new combination. 4. Combinations of aforementioned procedures. Musique Concrete- a recorded montage of natural sounds often electronically modified and presented as a musical composition. When creating tape music, the role of human performer is either diminished or eliminated. Melodic and harmonic elements are less of importance. Analog-Synthesizer Stage (1970s)- a complex electronic instruments that contains oscillators ( apparatus that establish and maintain fluctuations of voltage) and filters under one control system. Digital-Synthesizer Stage (1980s)- a digital computer is used to create electronic music in this stage. - An analog sound is converted to digital information, and this process is called sampling Edgard Varese- father of electronic music. - musical compositions is characterized as timbre and rhythm - He was the proponent of the word “organized sound” Compositions: Electronic Tape Large orchestral work - Deserts - Ameriques - Le procession de verges - Arcana Other instrumental pieces Voice and Instruments - Dance for Burgess - Un grand sommeil noir - Hyperprism -offrandes Chance Music- also called as aleatory music and indeterminacy music. - it uses music that are left to chance or boundless and left for the performer to realize. - Derived from latin word “alea” meaning “dice” - It is composition created by chance rather than its logical order. The composition or perfromace is determined by unpredictability. - To create chance music, a musician needs to think of source to get the desired melody or sound. This can be anything from recorded bird tweets, honking cars, or dialing a mobile phone number. 5 CATEGORIES OF MUSICAL INDETERMINACY: Randomly chosen event- a composer may use a computer “random generator” in choosing his/her musical ideas or materials. Randomly ordered event- to ensure a chance selection of sequencing music, a composer may flip a coin or dice. Use of indeterminate notations- these graphics or notations in the piece allow the performer to be flexible to his interpretation. Music notated traditionally but performed indeterminately- the performer may rearrange the of traditionally notated music and performs in a chosen order. Pure performer indeterminacy- the performance is left to the performer who uses improvisational elements and technique. John Cage Jr.- was a pioneer in Chance music. He’s an American composer, music theorist, writer and artist born in Los Angeles California on September 5, 1912. - Considered as fathger of Indeterminism. - one of the most influential 2oth century composer. -Received his first musical training from private piano teachers and some relatives. - Also received music instruction from Henry Cowell (1933) and Arnold Schoenberg (1933-1935)