Multiple Choice Revision_ Questions.pdf

Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 1. treatment 1. Which of the following does not form part of the definition of abnormal behaviour? A...

Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 1. treatment 1. Which of the following does not form part of the definition of abnormal behaviour? A. rarity B. treatment C. distress D. dysfunction E. norm violation 2. their interpretations of 2. The rational-emotive therapist Albert Ellis be- events. lieved that people respond to: A. their conditioning. B. their interpretations of events. C. social expectations. D. modelling. E. interpersonal relationships 3. high rate of relapse once 3. The main drawback of drug treatment for psy- the drug is stopped. chological problems is the: A. high rate of relapse once the drug is stopped. B. cost of the drug. C. need for the drug to be prescribed by a doctor. D. side effects of the drug. E. lack of efficacy. 4. an interaction between 4. The diathesis-stress model explains mental biological and psycho- disorders in terms of: A. brain abnormalities. B. an logical factors interaction between biological and psychological factors. C. neurotransmitter imbalance. D. adverse life events. E. personality types. 5. exist along a continuum 5. The dimensional approach to mental disorders argues that disorders: A. are categorical in nature. B. are comorbid. C. exist along a continuum. D. are arbitrary. E. are socially constructed. 1 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 6. in vivo exposure. 6. The most effective treatment for a specific pho- bia is: A. counselling. B. in vivo exposure. C. imaginal exposure. D. empathy. E. conditioning. 7. All of the given options 7. Development of a panic disorder requires: are correct A. a specific psychological vulnerability. B. a generalised psychological vulnerability. C. a generalised biological vulnerability. D. All of the given options are correct. E. None of the given options is correct. 8. both positive and nega- 8. According to the wells meta-cognitive model of tive beliefs about worry- generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), an individual ing with GAD is likely to have: A. only positive beliefs about worrying. B. only negative beliefs about worrying. C. both positive and negative beliefs about worry- ing. D. All of the given options are correct. E. None of the given options is correct. 9. 6.1 per cent 9. Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) has a life- time prevalence in Australia of about: A. 9.5 per cent. B. 6.1 per cent. C. 1.2 per cent. D. 0.1 per cent. E. 2.3 per cent. 10. Clients are taught to sup- 10. Which of the following is not true of cognitive press their worries behaviour therapy in the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder? A. Treatment gains are maintained after therapy stops. B. Clients are assisted to identify negative beliefs. C. By the end of therapy, at most only 57 per cent of clients score in the non-clinical range on 2 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 measures of symptoms. D. Clients are taught to suppress their worries. E. Clients are taught to re-appraise negative pre- dictions about threats. 11. cognitive behaviour ther- 11. According to the research evidence, the most apy effective treatment for obsessivecompulsive dis- order is: A. medication. B. cognitive behaviour therapy. C. psychosurgery. D. behavioural macros. E. skills training. 12. 2-3 per cent 12. Obsessive-compulsive disorder has a preva- lence rate of about: A. 2-3 per cent. B. 1 per cent. C. 0.2 per cent. D. 0.1 per cent. E. 0.3 per cent 13. Obsessions and/or com- 13. According to the DSM-5, the presence of OCD pulsions that cause dis- is diagnosed using which criteria? tress, are time-consum- A. Obsessions and compulsions that cause dis- ing, interfere with social tress and interfere with social and occupational and occupational func- functioning. tioning and are not at- B. Obsessions or compulsions that cause distress tributed to a substance, and interfere with social and occupational func- medical condition or oth- tioning. er disorder C. Obsessions and/or compulsions that are not a product of the person's own mind and that cause distress and interfere with social and occupation- al functioning. D. Obsessions, compulsions, poor insight, history of a tic disorder and distress that interfere with social and occupational functioning. E. Obsessions and/or compulsions that cause distress, are time-consuming, interfere with social 3 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 and occupational functioning and are not attrib- uted to a substance, medical condition or other disorder. 14. confronting patients with 14. Which of these is not a common task in cog- germs and disease nitive-behavioural treatment of OCD? A. exposure B. behavioural experiments C. confronting patients with germs and disease D. challenging irrational beliefs E. psychoeducation 15. body dysmorphic disor- 15. Diana is concerned about her physical ap- der pearance. She constantly thinks that her body is the wrong shape and size, despite having had cosmetic surgery. Diana is displaying signs of: A. anorexia nervosa. B. generalised anxiety. C. body dysmorphic disorder. D. obsessions. E. bulimia. 16. PTSD is maintained by 16. Biological, learning and cognitive models of avoidance of reminders posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) all recog- of the trauma nise that: A. PTSD is maintained by avoidance of re- minders of the trauma. B. PTSD develops in almost everyone who expe- riences a trauma. C. PTSD is more common in men than in women. D. PTSD is a fear-conditioned response. E. None of the given options is correct. 17. prolonged exposure 17. For posttraumatic stress disorder, the treat- ment with the best long-term outcome according to randomised controlled trials is: A. stress management. B. imaginal exposure. C. hypnotherapy. D. supportive counselling. E. prolonged exposure. 4 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 18. avoidance 18. Which of the following options is not an exam- ple of a re-experiencing symptom of PTSD? A. intrusive memories B. flashbacks C. nightmares D. avoidance E. reliving the event 19. interpersonal trauma 19. Based on research evidence, which of the following is more likely to result in PTSD? A. war-related trauma B. natural disasters C. interpersonal trauma D. sudden accidents E. None of the given options is correct. 20. All of the given options 20. In the psychological treatment of PTSD, which are correct of the following is a component of cognitive be- haviour therapy for PTSD? A. psychoeducation B. anxiety management C. cognitive restructuring D. imaginal exposure E. All of the given options are correct. 21. less common but serious 1. Postnatal depression is a: disorder after childbirth A. brief period of depression after childbirth, oc- curring in 70 per cent of women. B. less com- mon but serious disorder after childbirth. C. mild long-term condition, involving low mood, which does not meet the criteria for depression. D. type of depression that does not respond to medica- tion 22. have another depressive 2. After a first episode of depression, most people episode (relapse). will: A. seek professional treatment as soon as possi- ble. B. recover within one week. C. make a sui- cide attempt. D. never have another depressive 5 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 episode (recovery). E. have another depressive episode (relapse). 23. better immune function- 3. The association between depression and phys- ing in people with de- ical/medical illness is not explained by: pression A. better immune functioning in people with de- pression. B. ongoing stressors of dealing with a medical illness. C. physical/hormonal changes due to medical illness. D. unhealthy lifestyle choic- es by people with depression. E. increased rates of death following a cardiac event. 24. All of the given options 4. Which of the following does current research are effective treatments evidence not support as an effective treatment for for depression depression? A. interpersonal psychotherapy B. medication C. cognitive behaviour therapy D. bright light therapy E. All of the given options are effective treatments for depression 25. dysfunctional negative 5. Aaron Beck's cognitive theory of depression cognitions result in de- suggests that in individuals with depression: pressive symptoms and depressive symptoms A. dysfunctional negative cognitions result in lead to negative cogni- depressive symptoms. B. depressive symptoms tions. lead to negative cognitions. C. dysfunctional neg- ative cognitions result in depressive symptoms and depressive symptoms lead to negative cog- nitions. D. neither do dysfunctional negative cog- nitions result in depressive symptoms nor do de- pressive symptoms lead to negative cognitions. E. depressive symptoms result in negative cogni- tions. 26. All of the given options 6. Established risk factors for bipolar disorders are correct include: A. biological/genetic factors. B. stressful life 6 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 events. C. temperament. D. All of the given options are correct. E. None of the given options is cor- rect. 27. more time being de- 7. On average, an individual with bipolar I or II pressed than being man- disorder is likely to experience: ic or hypomanic A. more time being manic or hypomanic than being depressed. B. more time being depressed than being manic or hypomanic. C. equal time be- ing depressed and being manic or hypomanic. D. only time being manic, no time being depressed. E. None of the given options is correct-none of these patterns is more common than the others. 28. reduce the rate of relapse 8. When treating people with bipolar disorder, of- fering psychoeducation sessions as well as med- ication is likely to: A. trigger a mood shift to the opposite pole. B. be ineffective due to their current symptoms. C. increase the rate of relapse. D. reduce the rate of relapse. E. decrease compliance with medication 29. All of the given options 10. The use of 'schizophrenia' as a diagnosis has are correct been challenged because: A. it leads to stigma and distress in clients. B. there is a large overlap between schizophrenia and other mental disorders. C. psychotic phenom- ena occur in the general population. D. All of the given options are correct. E. None of the given options is correct 30. lack of drive, motiva- 9. In psychosis, negative symptoms include: tion, emotional expres- sion and spontaneous A. hallucinations. B. lack of drive, motivation, emo- speech tional expression and spontaneous speech. C. delusions. D. mistrust of others. E. anxiety. 7 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 31. normally distributed 11. Large-scale surveys suggest that psychotic across the general popu- experiences are: lation A. very rare in the general population. B. normally distributed across the general population. C. very common in the general population. D. common among those of higher socioeconomic status. E. None of the given options is correct. 32. eliminate positive symp- 12. During treatment of an acute episode of psy- toms chosis, medication is likely to: A. eliminate positive symptoms. B. eliminate neg- ative symptoms. C. eliminate tardive dyskinesia. D. result in weight loss. E. All of the given options are correct 33. reduce psychotic symp- 13. For people with long-term psychosis and per- toms during CBT treat- sistent positive symptoms, provision of cognitive ment and have long-term behaviour therapy (CBT) as well as medication is benefits after CBT treat- likely to: ment ceases A. reduce psychotic symptoms during CBT treat- ment. B. have long-term benefits after CBT treat- ment ceases. C. reduce psychotic symptoms dur- ing CBT treatment and have long-term bene- fits after CBT treatment ceases. D. neither re- duce psychotic symptoms during CBT treatment nor have long-term benefits after CBT treatment ceases. E. reduce psychotic symptoms but have no long-term benefits after CBT treatment ceas- es. 34. young women 14. Anorexia nervosa is mainly a disorder of: A. middle-aged men. B. middle-aged women. C. young men. D. young women. E. All of the given demographic categories are equally affected. 35. bulimia nervosa 8 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 15. An individual with abnormal cognitions about shape, weight and self-worth, but normal body weight, and who binge eats, diets and purges is most likely to be diagnosed with: A. anorexia nervosa. B. bulimia nervosa. C. binge eating disorder. D. purging disorder. E. None of the given options is correct. 36. regular engagement in 16. In comparison with anorexia nervosa and weight-control behav- bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder does not iours include: A. regular engagement in weight-control behav- iours. B. low levels of perfectionism. C. high levels of trait anxiety. D. None of the given options is correct. E. All of the given options are correct. 37. cognitive behaviour ther- 17. Currently, the most evidence-based treatment apy for anorexia nervosa is: A. cognitive behaviour therapy. B. medication. C. both cognitive behaviour therapy and medication. D. neither cognitive behaviour therapy nor med- ication. E. None of the options listed is correct. 38. All of the given options 18. The dual pathway model of bulimia nervosa are correct suggests that binge eating episodes are triggered by: A. dieting. B. negative affect. C. interaction be- tween dieting and negative affect. D. All of the given options are correct. E. None of the given options is correct. 39. needing increasing 19. 'Tolerance' of a substance refers to: amounts of the sub- stance to get the same ef- A. sociocultural acceptance that its use is normal. fect B. spending a large amount of time obtaining or using it. C. needing increasing amounts of 9 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 the substance to get the same effect. D. need- ing decreasing amounts of the substance to get the same effect. E. continuing substance use al- though it is causing problems. 40. All of the given options 20. In the treatment of substance use disorders, are correct. medication can be useful to: A. block the rewarding effects of the harmful sub- stance. B. substitute for the harmful substance. C. reduce the severity of withdrawal symptoms. D. All of the given options are correct. E. None of the given options is correct 41. gambling when alone 21. Which of the following is not a criterion for gambling disorder? A. a need to gamble with increasing amounts of money B. lying to conceal the extent of gambling C. frequent gambling when feeling distressed D. gambling when alone E. preoccupation with gam- bling 42. 11 times more likely to 22. Compared to the general community in Aus- experience psychosis tralia, individuals who use methamphetamine are: A. at the same risk of psychosis. B. 11 times less likely to experience psychosis. C. 11 times more likely to experience psychosis. D. unlikely to experience psychosis. E. likely to experience a milder form of psychosis. 43. catastrophic thinking 23. Cognitive errors hypothesised to result in problem gambling include all of the following ex- cept: A. gambler's fallacy. B. selective recall. C. illu- sionary correlations. D. catastrophic thinking. E. biased evaluations. 10 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 44. dysfunction 1. Which of the following is not one of Kaplan's stages of sexual functioning? A. arousal B. orgasm C. desire D. dysfunction E. None of the given options is correct 45. the victim and perpetra- 2. A paedophilic act is also classified as incest if: tor are close relatives A. the victim and perpetrator know each other. B. the victim and perpetrator are close relatives. C. the perpetrator is an adult. D. the perpetrator is five years or more older than the victim. E. the perpetrator is five years or more younger than the victim. 46. All of the given options 3. Psychological research has explained marital are correct problems in terms of: A. individual spouses' personality characteristics. B. spouses' perceptions of their partner. C. neg- ative patterns of interaction between spouses. D. negativity in thoughts, feelings and behaviour. E. All of the given options are correct. 47. sexual dysfunction may 4. Among other things, the McCabe (1991) mod- contribute to relationship el of the causes of sexual dysfunction suggests problems, but relation- that: ship problems may also contribute to sexual dys- A. sexual dysfunction may contribute to relation- function ship problems. B. relationship problems may con- tribute to sexual dysfunction. C. sexual dysfunc- tion is unrelated to relationship problems. D. sexu- al dysfunction may contribute to relationship prob- lems, but relationship problems may also con- tribute to sexual dysfunction. E. None of the given options is correct. 48. 5. The medical model of treating men's erectile difficulties: 11 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 assumes that providing an erection will solve the A. assumes that providing an erection will solve sexual problem the sexual problem. B. addresses the psychosex- ual issues (such as subjective arousal). C. ad- dresses underlying relationship difficulties. D. All of the given options are correct. E. None the given options is correct. 49. having no genetic basis 6. Which of the following is not part of the defini- tion of personality? A. a consistent pattern of thinking, feeling and be- having B. enduring over time C. pervasive across situations D. having no genetic basis E. All of the given options are correct. 50. All of the given options 7. According to Millon (1981), core features are correct that differentiate disordered personality from nor- mal-range problematic behaviours include: A. functional inflexibility. B. self-defeating patterns of behaviour. C. unstable functioning in the face of stress. D. All of the given options are correct. E. None of the given options is correct. 51. varies between cultures 8. The prevalence of personality disorders: and over time A. differs between cultures but is stable over time. B. varies over time but not between cultures. C. varies between cultures and over time. D. does not vary between cultures or over time. E. does not vary between genders. 52. range from 40-60 per cent 9. Estimates of the degree to which various per- sonality traits are inherited: A. range from 40-60 per cent. B. range from 20-30 per cent. C. range from 2-5 per cent. D. range from 1-2 per cent. E. There is no genetic basis to personality 12 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 53. a personality with dra- 10. Cluster B personality disorders are defined in matic, acting-out or flam- terms of: boyant behaviours A. a personality with anxious and fearful traits and behaviours. B. a personality with odd or eccentric traits or psychotic features. C. a personality with dramatic, acting-out or flamboyant behaviours. D. All of the given options are correct. E. None of the given options is correct 54. internalising and exter- 11. The most common psychological disorders in nalising disorders children are categorised as: A. unspecified disorders of infancy, childhood and adolescence. B. thought problems. C. genetic or inherited difficulties. D. internalising and external- ising disorders. E. None of the given options is correct. 55. is most effective when 12. Drug treatment for children with atten- combined with psy- tion-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: chosocial treatment A. has no effect. B. is most effective as a stand-alone treatment. C. is most effective when combined with psychosocial treatment. D. All of the given options are correct. E. None of the given options is correct 56. social phobia 13. Selective mutism is now thought to be a vari- ant of: A. social phobia. B. autism. C. posttraumatic stress disorder. D. schizophrenia. E. None of the given options is correct 57. the interaction between 14. Patterson's coercive processes model of the parent and child development of oppositional defiant disorder fo- cuses on: 13 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 A. the child's temperament. B. the child's frontal brain activation. C. the impact of the androgen hormone on brain development. D. the interaction between parent and child. E. None of the options given is correct. 58. deficits in executive func- 15. Relative to healthy children and chil- tioning dren with conduct disorder, children with at- tention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder have been found to demonstrate: A. no neuropsychological deficits. B. deficits in auditory comprehension. C. deficits in memory functioning. D. deficits in executive functioning. E. deficits in auditory functioning. 59. both normal ageing and 16. Memory lapses can be caused by: dementia. A. normal ageing. B. dementia. C. autism. D. both normal ageing and dementia. E. None of the given options is correct. 60. All of the options listed 17. Positive ageing is defined as the ability to are correct sustain: A. a low risk of disease and disease-related dis- ability. B. a high level of mental and physical func- tioning. C. an active engagement with life. D. All of the options listed are correct. E. None of the options listed is correct. 61. longitudinal studies are 18. When comparing longitudinal and cross-sec- more reliable in estab- tional studies of ageing: lishing changes due to ageing A. longitudinal studies are more reliable in estab- lishing changes due to ageing. B. cross-sectional studies are more reliable in establishing changes due to ageing. C. longitudinal and cross-sec- tional studies are equally reliable in establishing changes due to ageing. D. cross-sectional studies 14 / 15  Multiple Choice Revision: Questions Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8h8xj7 are more affected by people dropping out over time. E. None of the given options is correct. 62. involves cognitive 19. Mild neurocognitive disorder: changes that negatively affect functioning. A. meets the criteria for the diagnosis of dementia. B. involves cognitive changes that negatively af- fect functioning. C. involves impairment of a range of cognitive functions including memory. D. never progresses to Alzheimer's disease. E. always pro- gresses to Alzheimer's disease 63. improves cognitive func- 20. In the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, med- tions ication: A. has no effect. B. results in a complete cure. C. improves cognitive functions. D. hastens the progression of the disease. E. None of the given options is correct. 15 / 15