Morality, Rules, and Ethics PowerPoint PDF

MORALITY, RULES AND ETHICS  MORALITY – is the quality of human acts.  Morality – according to Archimedes gives stability to the whole life. “Morality was a tower of strength where men sought refuge in midst of all the doubts and conflicts of life” during the Age of Enlightenment. Presen...

MORALITY, RULES AND ETHICS  MORALITY – is the quality of human acts.  Morality – according to Archimedes gives stability to the whole life. “Morality was a tower of strength where men sought refuge in midst of all the doubts and conflicts of life” during the Age of Enlightenment. Presently, scientific definition and accurate conception of morality are now matters of contention, wherein the fundamental idea of morality is questioned. RULES  A set of guidelines which have been put in place in different countries and communities and have been accepted by all.  Are used to in guiding and monitoring the interactions of human in the society.  Helps guide actions toward desired results.  It provides a sense of predictability and consistency for people, which is the concern of Ethics – to understand something or someone other than ourselves and our own desires and self-interest. ETHICS is concerned with other people’s interest, with the interest of society, God’s interest, “ultimate good”. The availability of rules is a crucial Why do we have rules?  Rules are specific modes of behaviour that secure a regulated flow of all processes. - Law dictates what is proper and what is wrong. It serves as guideline to follow. - Norms enable people to interact, to work together and contribute to global development. - Moral rules assist people in the establishment of shared values and norms. IMPORTANCE OF RULES  Rules protect the weaker class in the society.  It provides a stable environment and human co-existence in a society which leads to peace and order and development. ETHICS (Moral Philosophy)  The scientific study of moral judgment.  Is the discipline concerned with morally good and bad, right and wrong.  Any system or theory of moral values or principles.  The term comes from “ethos”, means customs, habit, character or disposition.  Is particularly concerned moral character of human beings. ETHICS AS PRACTICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL SCIENCE Practical Science Means that it consists of principle and laws that are applied in daily living. Philosophical Science It is not a technical course nor a laboratory study. It presents and deliberates its subject matter “in light of its deepest principles by means of human reason alone.” KNOWLEDGE AND MORALITY Ethics deals on principles and laws on the morality of human acts, it provides the person with the KNOWLEDGE that he may know what to do and how to do it. Ethics provides the guides to the performance of an Act. Knowledge however, is NOT always performed. Knowledge could remain knowledge without its translation into action. Knowledge is different from doing. Man does not necessarily do what he knows. The implementation of Ethical Principles and Laws is called MORALITY THE OBJECTS OF ETHICS THE OBJECTS OF ETHICS Material Object – the subject matter to be studied namely, the HUMAN ACT. Formal Object – is the MORALITY of HUMAN ACT. FORMULA OBJECT QUO – is the HUMAN REASON employed in the study.  BRANCHES OF ETHICS NORMATIVE ETHICS - Actions are judge by merits, allowing society to develop codes of conduct of behaviour. - It defines how people should act. - It defines what’s right and wrong.  BRANCHES OF ETHICS DESCRIPTIVE ETHICS - Ask what do people think is moral. - It describe how individuals and societies define morals. - It defines right and wrong in terms of cultural and personal significance. WHY STUDY ETHICS? Man is not just a corporeal animal. He is also a conscious and rational being. Man, therefore is a moral being on earth. Human speak and behave according to what is right and wrong, good and bad, they do this in the context of community, social scientist call this moral norm. For this reason, it can be concluded that morality only EXITS n the context of humanity,