Module 5 Critical Evaluation and Promotion of Local & Oral History PDF

Module 5 Critical evaluation and promotion of local and oral history, museums, historical shrines, cultural performances, indigenous people and their practices, religious rites and rituals, and the like 82 Module 5 - Critical evaluation and promotion...

Module 5 Critical evaluation and promotion of local and oral history, museums, historical shrines, cultural performances, indigenous people and their practices, religious rites and rituals, and the like 82 Module 5 - Critical evaluation and promotion of local and oral history, museums, historical shrines, cultural performances, indigenous practices, religious rites and rituals, etc. This module is about the critical evaluation and promotion of local and oral history, museums, historical shrines, cultural performances, indigenous practices, religious rites and rituals, and the like. It also gives emphasis on the practices of the indigenous people such as the Aetas and the Panay Bukidnon. Learning Outcomes At the end of this module, you should have 1. Manifested your interest in local history 2. Mastered the location and historical background of those landmarks and indigenous practices. 3. Showed concern in promoting and preserving the country’s historical and cultural heritage. 4. Cited the protection due to the historical and cultural heritage as well as to the indigenous people. 83  Core Content The following are some historical landmarks, festivals, indigenous people , and local heroes: Historical Landmarks Nelly’s Garden is located along E. Lopez Street, Jaro, Iloilo City. It features a beautiful expansive landscaped lawn with a massive art deco style American- colonial heritage house in its backdrop. Owned by the Lopez Clan and it is one of the famous land marks in Jaro, Iloilo City. It can be easily reached by taxi or jeepney (https://www.exploreiloilo.com/do/info/nellys-garden-lopez-mansion). Casa Mariquit the house-museum is a 200 year old house where Maria “Mariquit” Javellana-Lopez lived in Jaro, one of the six districts of Iloilo City. Mariquit was the wife of the late Vice- President Fernando Lopez (1904-1993). Robert Lopez Puckett is the grandson of Mariquit and the present owner of the museum, which is probably the oldest heritage house in Iloilo. He started the restoration of his ancestral house in 1993. The house has a wraparound balcony of finely crafted wrought iron, a prayer room, and a ground floor entrance for a carriage to park right in front of the polished stairway. The ground floor was used for business and there is a large cement vault there. The upper floor had the luxurious apartment where the owners lived and entertained their friends from the high society. Lizares Mansion reflects a mix of American and Spanish architectural styles, the Lizares Mansion is one of Iloilo City’s most beautiful heritage mansions. It was built in the 1937 by Don Emiliano Lizares, a Jaro-born sugar baron, and stands in testimony of Iloilo’s booming sugar industry during its heydey. The Lizares compound along with the mansion was sold to the Domincans in 1962 and became home of Angelicum School Iloilo from 1978. The mansion now serves as the school’s chapel. Every December, the Lizares Mansion transforms into an even more awe-inspiring sight as thousands of Christmas lights adorn every inch of its facade. This is the best time to visit. Balantang Shrine was built in honor and memory of the gallant men and women of the 6th Military District, under the command of General Macario Peralta, who liberated the island of Panay from the Japanese Imperial Army during World War II. A national shrine located at Balantang, Jaro, Iloilo City and the only military cemetery established outside Metro Manila. It is the site of the bloodiest battle of the guerrilla forces of Col. Macario Peralta, Jr. that occurred in the hallowed grounds of Balantang. The battle started in 06 February 1945 up to the liberation of Iloilo City on 20 March 20 1945. 84 Declared as a National Shrine on 13 July 1994 by virtue of Proclamation No 425. ite Memorial Cemetery Museum displays World War II vintage firearms, 81 mortars, photographs and situation maps depicting historical events. The cemetery also houses the Tomb of the Unknown. Santa Barbara Centennial Museum was built in 1998 as part of the Centennial Freedom Trail Site Project of the Philippine Centennial Commission. The museum houses antiques, artifacts and photos that tell the story of Santa Barbara’s historical heritage. The museum has two wings: the left wing is the historical wing while the right wing has been designated as the changing museum. Church of Sta Barbara was completed in 1878 after almost 30 years of construction, is made of adobe, corals and red bricks. The architecture is chiefly Romanesque with its prominence of arcading or use of arches supported by pillars, arched windows, and its Latin cross floor plan. Recent additions of stained glass windows also add Romanesque characteristics in the church. At the same time, the church also is an excellent example of Filipino baroque colonial style. In contrast to other Iloilo churches, the Church of Sta Barbara has no belfry flanking any of its side; rather a belfry can be seen towering at the back of the right facade of the church. The belfry was only awas said that the church was constructed through mandatory or forced labor, also called polo y servicios which was levied upon the local population. Huge stones from the mountains at Leon, Alimodian, and Tubungan were used as its foundation, posts, and floors. These towns are found tens of kilometers from the town of Sta. Barbara and were transported from their quarries using carabao-driven carriages added in 1960s. Bantayan Towers structures have been spruced up and beautified by the Department of Tourism (from Muog) starting in 1984. Although now in presentable condition, the upper levels have been coated with cement and has faux rock outlines while the cavity was filled up and cemented. A streetlight has been mounted at the centers. An octagonal structure, the Barangay Pescador watchtower is the nearest bantayan (vernacular for the watchtower) in the town center and the old church. Located along the road and at the edge of houses near the sea. A steel ladder brings you to the top. Museo Iloilo built in 1971 to pay tribute to Ilonggo heroes and ancestors. Museo de Iloilo is the home of not only Iloilo’s but Panay’s cultural and historical artifacts. It was designed by Sergio Penasales, an Ilonggo architect. The area may be small but as you look closer, you will understand better the stories from the past and appreciate more the undeniably rich culture of Panay. Museo de Iloilo provides the perfect venue for art appreciation and culture-enriching education. It is the first government sponsored museum outside Metro Manila and has been one of the most visited spots in the city not only by tourists but also students who are taking up history and humanities classes. 85  Old Capitol Building is sitting across the street opposite to one of Iloilo City’s oldest hotels, Casa Plaza, is The Old Provincial Capitol of Iloilo known during the Spanish colonial period as Casa Real. Built in 1840, it was originally made of wood and stones. It officially became the capitol when the civil government of the province of Iloilo was established in April 11, 1901 with Martin T. Delgado as the first governor. It was used as a military garrison by the Japanese Imperial Forces in World War II. It was repaired in the 1960’s and underwent another renovation after almost half of the building was brought down by fire last November 4, 1998. Since 1901 it has become the centre of governance for the province until the six-storey New Capitol Building was completed after the unfortunate fire incident. Molo Church is a famous Spanish-colonial church and heritage site in Molo District. It known for the prominent red spires that crown its tall bell towers and as “the feminist church” because of the all-women ensemble of saints represented in 16 statues perched on the aisle pillars. Built in 1831, Molo Church stands as a reminder of Iloilo’s rich history and a monument for Ilonggo artistry. The church exudes a fusion of the overpowering features of Gothic and the recessive characteristics of Romanesque architectural styles. The interior is rich in Gothic elements. There are five gothic altars which are made of wood while beautiful paintings dominate the walls. Female Saints Stand on each pillar and a pair of interestingly decorated pulpits contrast the entire structure. The Spires of Molo are yet the most interesting colonial “skyscrapers” in Iloilo City aside from the neoclassic Belfry of Jaro. Arevalo Church is the home of the Image of Sto Nino De Arevalo, is placed at the middle of Plaza Villa. This is a unique feature considering almost all churches are separated from their plazas. It is of modern design since some part of the church were destroyed either by fire or by earthquakes. The altar is supported by Solomonic or helical columns which took inspiration from that at St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome. A large wooden cross with the image of the crucified Christ serves as the center piece of the altar. The image of Sto. Nino is found at the right side of the main altar, encased in glass and is flanked by angels made of wood at both sides. The church is a popular for weddings as well. Miag ao Church. The Church of Saint Thomas of Villanova, commonly known as the Miagao Church, is the Roman Catholic parish church of the town of Miagao in Iloilo Province. Completed in 1797, the church is famous for the artistic sculptural relief carved on its facade. In 1993, the church was designated as one best examples of the Baroque Churches of the Philippines and included in the list of World Heritage Sites by UNESCO. Church of San Joaquin is the Roman Catholic parish church of the town of San Joaquin in Iloilo Province. Built in 1869, the church distinguishes itself from other churches in the Philippines because of its militaristic theme. Carved on a disproportionately large pediment on the facade is an intricate sculptural relief depicting the Spanish victory over Moroccan forces in the Battle of Tetuan. The low relief mural captures the drama of victory where cavalry and infantry are tearing down Moorish defense. So intricate is the sculpture that even the expression of agony by wounded soldiers is visible. The title of the composition “Rendicion de Tetuan” is 86 carved at the base of this animated relief. The unique features of the San Joaquin Church has received the admiration of its onlookers including the National Historical Institute, which has listed the church as a National Cultural Treasure. The declaration was made in support of the state policy to preserve and protect important cultural properties and safeguard their intrinsic value. Camina Balay nga Bato is a proud history and prestigious family traditions mark the 1865 Avanceña House, now called Camiña Balay nga Bato at Villa Arevalo, Iloilo City. From afar, one can clearly see how beautifully this house was preserved for almost a century and a half now. A time-capsule in its own right, the house still serves as the dwelling place of the 4th generation of Melocoton-Avanceña clan. Join me in my recent visit in one of Iloilo City’s best preserved heritage homes in this two-part post. Plaza Libertad is a historic plaza located in the heart of Iloilo City Proper, the downtown district, at the southeastern end of Calle Real. It is where the flag of the first Philippine Republic was raised in triumph after Spain surrendered Iloilo, her last capital in the Philippines, to the revolutionary forces led by Gen. Martin Delgado on December 25, 1898. It is surrounded of many of the city’s famous landmarks including San Jose Church, Iloilo City Hall, the Masonic Temple, and the Lacson clan ancestral house. Some Cultural Festivals Ati Atihan Festival. The Ati-Atihan festival is celebrated every January, culminating on the month’s third Sunday. 800 years old, the festival is known as the oldest festival in the country and the precursor to both Cebu’s famous Sinulog festival and Iloilo’s Dinagyang — all of which are held today in honor of the Santo Niño (a statue of The Child Jesus). But despite its Catholic affiliations today, the roots of this festival had nothing to do with religion at all. Translated, the festival’s name means “to pretend or to be like the Atis.” The Atis, or Aetas as they are also commonly called, are characteristically darker-skinned and of small stature. They were the first settlers in many of what are now the Philippine islands. This included the island of Panay, where Kalibo is located (https://www.zenrooms.com/blog/post/ati-atihan-festival, accessed July 14, 2020). 87 Source: https://www.panaynews.net/ati-atihan-festival-preparation-kicks-off Dinagyang Festival. Dinagyang is a Hiligaynon word that means “merrymaking.” Just like the Sinulog and Ati-Atihan Festivals, Dinagyang Festival is one of the religious festivities in the Philippines that celebrates the feast of the Santo Niño and the pact between the Datus and locals. Every 4th Sunday of January, the festival transforms the Iloilo City into a massive street party with overflowing drinks and food. The most exciting part is that the city hosts a highly competitive Dinagyang Festival dance contest and grand float parades (https://www.zenrooms.com/blog/post/dinagyang-festival, accessed July 14, 2020) Source: https://www.google.com 88  ********** The Indigenous People Panay Bukidnon/Tumandok/ Sulodnon Panay Bukidnon are the tumandok, the native or Indigenous dwellers of the more interior portions of Panay Island, covering the interior barangays of the four provinces of Aklan, Antique, Iloilo, and Capiz. They speak the same Kinaray-a language with very few semantical differences, and are similar in their farming and hunting practices, in their spiritual beliefs and binabaylan (shamanistic) practices, in their having a binukot (kept maiden) tradition, and in their tradition of epic chanting. Every activity, whether in agriculture, fishing, hunting, and so on, is influenced by the environmental spirits and deified umalagad (souls) of the departed ancestors. Their economic life is largely dependent on ka'ingin agriculture, supplemented with hunting and fishing. They also make bolos with elaborately carved handles, knives, and spears and weave baskets, mats, and headwear - items which they exchange for lowland goods such as cloth, salt, and other household necessities brought into the mountains by Christian traders with whom they carry on seasonal commercial relations (https://www.haliya.co/stories/2017/6/23/panay-bukidnon-culture, accessed July 14, 2020). Source: https://www.google.com/search For more information about this Panay Bukidnon, you may accessed these following sites: a) https://www.haliya.co/stories/2017/6/23/panay-bukidnon-culture, accessed July 14, 2020 89  b) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wRKrhTx4M_Q Indigenous People “ Panay Bukinon Culture c) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VsN--L149rY&pbjreload=101 Epic Research Guide d) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QrDRA-gmjWU iJuander: Kulturang Panay-Bukidnon, tampok sa 'I Juander' e) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BR2z2-aK9Ow Binukot: Pagtukib sang aton Kultura Aetas or Ati Ati are also called Negrito, Ituman, and Negros who inhabit the mountain areas of Panay and Negros. They continue to exhibit generally-perceived Negrito traits: short and lean body build; kinky hair, which may be very bushy in the case of women; unblemished and oily dark chocolate-brown to almost black skin; diminutive but broad noses; and round dark eyes. Rahmann and Maceda (1955) believe that Negritos of pure blood still exist in northern Negros, although their number is extremely small and continually reduced by intermarriage with lowlanders. The Ati speak Hiligaynon (particularly a variant known as Kiniray-a) and some are fluent in Cebuano. There are more Ati in Panay Island (23 barangays in Antique, 21 in Iloilo, two in Aklan, and one in Capiz) than in Negros (three barangays in Negros Occidental). Population. According to H. Otley Beyer (1917), the Ati in Negros during the early part of the century were especially numerous southwest of Escalante and to the north of Kanlaon Volcano. Currently, different sources present varying estimates on the Ati population size. However, the National Statistics Office (NSO) 1995 Population Census places it at 57,000 in Region VI to which both Negros and Panay belong. Source: https://www.google.com For more information about this Aetas or Ati, you may accessed these following sites: 90  a) https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on- cultural-communities-and-traditional-arts-sccta/central-cultural- communities/the-ati-of-negros. The Ati of Negros and Panay b) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ati_people Ati People c) https://www.jacobimages.com/2016/01/the-ati-tumandok-people-of- panay-island MOVING FORWARD THE ATI & TUMANDOK PEOPLE OF PANAY ISLAND d) http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/2017/06/20/ati-the-original- tribal-people-of-panay/ Ati – The Original Tribal People of Panay e) https://opinion.inquirer.net/97120/endangering-indigenous-communities- panay ********** Matrix of Historical Landmarks, Festivals, Indigenous People and Local Heroes Historical Places Location Nelly’s Garden Jaro, Iloilo City Casa Mariquit Jaro, Iloilo City Lizares Mansion Jaro, Iloilo City Balantang Shrine Jaro, Iloilo City Santa Barbara Centennial Museum Santa Barbara, Iloilo Sta Barbara Church Santa Barbara, Iloilo Bantayan Towers Guimbal, Iloilo Museo Iloilo Iloilo City Old Capitol Building Iloilo City Molo Church Iloilo City Arevalo Church Villa Arevalo, Iloilo City Miag ao Church Miag ao, Iloilo San Joaquin Church San Joaquin, Iloilo Camina Balay nga Bato Villa Arevalo, Iloilo City Plaza Libertad Iloilo City Festivals Location Ati-atihan Aklan Binirayan Antique 91  Halaran Capiz Manggahan Guimaras Dinagyang Iloilo Maskara Negros Indigenous People Location Panay Bukidnon Capiz, Lambunao Mountainous areas Ati Panay, Guimaras and Negros ********** ********** References Biong, Ryan D. and Evelyn J. Grey (2017). Readings in Philippine History. Iloilo City: Malones Printing Press & Publishing House. http://allaboutiloilophilippines.blogspot.com http://www.businessmirror.com.ph/casa-mariquit-inheritance-of-a-grand-past http://iloiloilove.com/the-nelly-gardens-iloilos-queen-of-heritage-house). http://www.exploreiloilo.com/do/info/angelicum-school-lizares-mansion http://collections.pvao.mil.ph/Home/Page/160209-balantang-memorial-cemetery- national-shrine http://g1d.me/santa-barbara-centennial-museum accessed March 21, 2017 http://iloiloilove.com/church-sta-barbara/ http://mybeautifuliloilo.blogspot.com/ 92 http://www.iloilo.net.ph/museo-de-iloilo-home-panays-cultural-heritage https://www.iloilo.net.ph/provincial-capitol-restoration http://www.exploreiloilo.com/do/info/molo-church/ http://iloiloilove.com/sto-nino-de-arevalo-iloilo-miraculous-historical-uncelebrated http://www.exploreiloilo.com/do/info/miagao-church http://www.exploreiloilo.com/do/info/san-joaquin-church http://iloiloilove.com/camina-balay-nga-bato /do/info/plaza-libertad/ https://www.zenrooms.com/blog/post/dinagyang-festival, accessed July 14, 2020 https://www.haliya.co/stories/2017/6/23/panay-bukidnon-culture, accessed July 14, 2020 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wRKrhTx4M_Q Indigenous People “ Panay Bukinon Culture https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VsN--L149rY&pbjreload=101 Epic Research Guide https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QrDRA-gmjWU iJuander: Kulturang Panay- Bukidnon, tampok sa 'I Juander' https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BR2z2-aK9Ow Binukot: Pagtukib sang aton Kultura https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/subcommission-on-cultural- communities-and-traditional-arts-sccta/central-cultural-communities/the-ati- of-negros. The Ati of Negros and Panay https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ati_people Ati People https://www.jacobimages.com/2016/01/the-ati-tumandok-people-of-panay-island http://www.ethnicgroupsphilippines.com/2017/06/20/ati-the-original-tribal-people-of- panay/ Ati – The Original Tribal People of Panay https://opinion.inquirer.net/97120/endangering-indigenous-communities-panay https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Martin_Teofilo_Delgado, accessed July 14, 2020 https://philippineculturaleducation.com.ph/delgado-martin/ https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/1340/today-in-philippine-history- november-11-1858-martin-teofilo-delgado https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/683/today-in-philippine-history-october- 13-1868-teresa-magbanua-was-born-in-pototan-iloilo 93