Module 4 Exam Study Guide PDF

iIIuuaompaene Identify the concepts of cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, cultural encounter, and cultural desire in the cultural competence model. CulturalCompetence healthcareworkers mustbeculturallysensitiveappropriatecompeten...

iIIuuaompaene Identify the concepts of cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, cultural encounter, and cultural desire in the cultural competence model. CulturalCompetence healthcareworkers mustbeculturallysensitiveappropriatecompetenttomeet multifaceted needsofeach ptfamily community Cultural CompetenceModel Constructs Dynamics process ofconductingaselfexaminationofone'sownbiasestowards therscultures theindepthexplorationofone's culturalandprofessionalbackgroundBeaware0 theexistenceofdocumentedracisms isms Hdknowtedge healthcare professionalseeksandobtains asoundeducationalba aboutculturallydiversegroupsTopics Healthrelatedbeliefsaculturalvalues2 Carepractices Disea incidenceandprevelance Dulski theabilitytoconducta cultural assessmenttocollectrelevantculturaldataregardi their presentingproblem accuratelyperforming aculturallybasedphysicalassessment IHturennterprocessthatencourageshealthcare professionals to engageinfacetoface culturalinteractions encounterswithpatientsfromculturallydiversebackgrounds goalisto modifyaproviderspreexistingbeliefsaboutaculture preventstereotyping DHldes.vemotivationofaproviderto wantto andnot haveto engageintheproce fbecomingculturallyawareculturallyknowledgeableaculturallyskillfulinseekingculturalencounters Identify social and cultural in uences in health and illness. Socialinfluences Culturalinfluences lifestylepractices Religiouspractices  socialrelationships Grief lossinterventions biases Birthof achild demographic Genderroles socioeconomicstatus Health beliefs When theyrecievecare location Perspective on death SocialDeterminantsof Health Family community things can't helplexlgender.whotheirparentsare.wheretheyarefrom.ec Recognize the roles that communication and self-examination in developing cultural competence. Effective communication a criticalskillshelpsyouengageapatienttfamily.in arespectful atientcentered dialogue essentialforeffectivedeliveryofqualityandsafecare Selfexaminationhelpsyouunderstandyourownworldviewofhowyoupercieveandengagepatientsallow providers understand culturalfactorsthatshapepatient'sexperienceshealthproblemsandbehaviors to howtheymightpercievetheirproblemsBuildsa positivenursepatientrelationship Identify approaches to use in conducting a cultural nursing history and physical assessment. Collecting a patienthistory ConductingaPhysicalAssessment listencarefully Patienthistorydiagnoses guideyourassessment Letpatientsstorytell a Youwouldperform amore depth in respiratory Rephrasestatements forclarity assessment onapatientwithasthmavs.at Validate anyassumptionsyoumake basicassessment onapatientwhoisinfor withthept checkup aboutthept.is conditionneeds Understand UtilizeClinicalJudgement ptneedsexpectations  Askrespectfulanonjudgemental questions _Anticipatephysicalassessment findingsin Whatdoyou callyour problem Whatdoyouthinkcausedit Certainethnic groups exmongolianspots Howdoyoutypicallydealwithhealthproblems Discuss the principles to apply when using an interpreter. CLAS standardsrequire youtonotifypatientsverbally inwritingoftheirrightstorelievelanguage assistance Ensureinterpretersunderstandmedicalterminology confidentiality impartiality usefamilymemberstotranslate Speakinfirstperson I not tellher orhesaid speak lookdirectly thepatienthavetranslatorsitbesideorslightlybehindpatient at speakin shortsentences Avoidacronyms lingojokesetcbetheydon'ttranslatewell Askfor ptfeedback clarificationatregularintervals Observe nonverbal behaviors Thankpatient interpreter chapter42 FluidtElectrolytebalana EFVdefic.it Discuss assessment ndings that can a ect uid balance (nursing & medical history). sodiumwater EFVexcess sodiumwater 1ExcessiveadministrationofNat 1 severedecreasedoralintake containingisotonic ofwater salt dehydration IV fluidsor oralintakeofsaltyfoods water Increased GI outputvomiting 2 RenalretensionofNatandwater failure iarrhealaxativeoverusedrainage cirrhosis aldosteroneorglucocorticoidexcessacuteor romfistulasortubes chronicoliguriarenaldisease Increasedrenaloutputdiuretic Hypernatremia waterdeficit se adrenalinsufficiencycortisolaldosterone diabetesinsipidus ADH deficiency 4Lossofbloodplasmaburnshemorrhage Osmotic diuresis Massivesweating w oreplenishing Administeringsalttabletstubefeedingsetc Hyponatremia Tianbefeverrelated Lackofaccesstowater inabilitytorespond to ExcessiveADH thirst aphasiainfantscogimpairedimmobility PsychogenicPolydipsiaMountain hahahurgetodrink Deliberatedeprivation exNpopt water forcedexcessivewaterintake Olderadults anyonewhocannotreally Excessive1V admin communicatetheir thirst of5 dextrose Replacement oflargebodyfluidoutput vomitdiarrheaetcwithwater NIsalt Identify risk factors for uid, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances. Age veryyoungaveryoldmost atrisk Environment exhotenvironment workenvironment GIoutput diarrheadrainage vomiting Chronicdiseases cancerCOPDcirrhosis failure oliguriarenaldisease Trauma burnshemorrhage crushheadinjuries Therapies diuretics other meds IV therapy Indicate the purpose and procedures for initiating an intravenous line, maintaining the system, changing intravenous solution containers, tubing, and dressings, and discontinuing peripheral venous access. maintain homeostasis I V purpose restorefluids electrolytes administermeds bloodproducts serves as  an alternateroutefornutritionwhentheGI tract is notfunctioningproperlyThey alsohelpwithrestrictingintakeasapartoftherapyforfluidexcesses Initiating 1 Washhands applycleangloves 2 OpenIVstartkit tourniquetalcoholwipeguazetapeHegaderm ensureyouobtaintheproperextensiontubing asalineflush attachthem 3 Place tourniquet onclient 4 assessforvenipuncturesitedistaltoproximal 2224guageforlongterm avoid sitesthatcouldbeeasilybumped 5 Swabyourselectedvein let dry 6 Whiledrying primetubing hangIVbag 7 Removeneedlecap insertIVbevel upwhileholdingtensiononyourvein taught forflashback removeneedleclicksafety advancingthecatheter observe popthetourniquetattachthetubingflushtheline securethe IV with tape tegaderm withneedleguage date MaintainingtheSystem 1UsestandardANTT asepticnontouchtechnique to keep thesystemsterileandintact 2UseANTTtochangeIVfluidcontainerstubing contaminatedsite dressings 3Helpptwithselfcareactivitiestopreventobstruction4monitor forcomplicationsforIVtherapy NeverlettubingtouchfloorNeverdisconnectUsehand hygiene recommend a securement device PREVENTING infection is key Changing1Vfluidcontainerstubing dressings  Tubingchange ANTTpractices isbasedonpt'scondition thetyperatefrequencyofadministered solutionsimmediately uponsuspectionorinsertionofnew IV Crystalloidsolutions medsatleast every7daysevery 4hrs forblood a924hforcontinouslipid Dressings Asteriledressingover an IVsitereducestheriskforinfection rutdressingsarethemostcommontypehelpsecuretheVADvascularaccessdeviceor I V allowto aclearsiteinspection arelesseasilysoiledthanregularguaze every7daysfortransparentdressingor ASAP ifdressingintegrityisdisrupted Changeatleast exliftedor detachedcorner if soiled drainagebloodetcOR ifskinintegrityiscompromisedundernea Guazedress.in mustbechangedevery48hoursatthetimeofaninspection or if dressingintegrity is disruptedsoileddamploosened MARSImedicaladhesiverelatedskininjury FluidContainers patientsperiodicallyneedchangesofIVfluidcontainers it's veryimportanttochangethemquicklybefore a thrombus bloodclotforms in thecatheter iscontinuingan1V discontinueIVaccessafterinfusionoftheprescribedamountoffluid2 when infiltrationphlebitisorlocalinfectionoccurs 3 IVinfusionslowsor stopsindicatingathrombusatthe tip catheters 1 Clamp theline 2 loosenthetransparentdressing tapein thedirection ofthe IV site 3 Place gauzepad overIVsiteagently pull out theIV paralleltothe skin 4 Apply pressure tothesite Indicate the purpose and procedures for measuring and recording daily weights and uid intake and output. Dailyweights importantindicatoroffluidstatus Ifamountoffluidgainedismorethanlossthenthepfis.atriskforfluidand electrolyteimbalance What goes in must come out Patient should beweighed.at sametimeeveryda preferrablyinthemorning in the same clothing items preferably a gownonly Intake Outputguagefluidbalance a providesvaluableinformationonpatient'sconditi intake Output juice urine water emesisvomit icechips 1 2 liquidstool softdrinks wounddrainage milk suction gelatin broths icecreamfrozentreats Allflushes Virtuefeedings NORMAL LAB VALUES: Chapterhisleeps Identify the sleep requirements of di erent age-groups. Neonates Kehrs Adolescents 810hours recommended Infants 19hrswithnaps YoungAdult 68.5hourspernight Toddlers 12hourswithnap MiddleAdult 7 9 hourspernight reschoolers 12hours OlderAdult variesmayhavesleepproblems chootageChildren varies912hours Identify factors that normally promote and disrupt sleep. Drugstsubstances keepsyouawake Lifestyle Nightshiftnurses Intoxicatedclientsneedwatersomewheretocrash UsualSleepPatterns veryoldveryyoung Emotionalstressreducestimulipromotewarmth andcomfort Environment environmentshould beconclusivetosleep Exercise Fatigue exercisehelpspromote goodsleepexcessivefatiguemakesfallingasleepdiffica  FoodsCaloricIntakeGood eatinghabitspromotepropersleeplargeheavyorspicymealslate nightresultsinindigestionthatinterferswithsleep Discuss characteristics of common sleep disorders. Insomnia Chronicdifficultyfallingasleep2Frequentawakening3Shortnorestorativesleep SleepApnea individual unable breathe Khhine is to orsleepatthesametimecanlastfrom10sec 2min Narcolepsy oftheprocessthatregulatessleepexcessivedaytimesleepinessDuringthedayth dysfunction patientsuddenlygetstiredandfallsasleep SleepDeprivation Canbeacute chronic resultsfrominsufficientordisruptedsleep or ammonly caused byillnesspainemotionalstressmedsenvironmentaldisturbancesetc 5Is agitationdecreasedalertnessconfusion disorientationslowresponsetimetreflexesincreased sensiti pain i Parasomnias morecommoninchildrenthanadults occurduringnonREMorREMnightterrors nightmaressleep walkingsomnambulism bedwetting nocturnal enuresis Identify nursing interventions designed to promote normal sleep cycles for patients of all ages. Healthpromotionhelp ptsdevelopbehaviorsconducivetorestandrelaxation EnvironmentalControlscomfortable roomtempminimalnoiseproperlighting acomfortablebed PromotingBedtimeRoutinesametaskssamebedtimesnackbookquiettimebathingcuddlinget Promotingsafetylowsetbed nocluttersmallnightlight PromotingActivitydailyexercisepromotessleep planexerciseatleast23hoursbeforebedtime Promoting ComfortSoftcottonclothes forinfants looseclothesforadultsgoodsheetsextrablanketwhds StressReductions reducestimulipromotecalmness mayhaveto distract Bedtimesnacks warmmilkcocoa crackersetcNdcaffiene Pharmacological Approaches melatonin othernaturalherbalproducts ChapterhPaimanagements List the characteristics used to di erentiate categories of pain. Timing Location 3 Severity Pain is individualistic Identify the various factors that in uence pain. Age SpiritualFactors Fatigue PatientsAttention Genetics Anxiety Fear NeurologicalFunction Copingstyle Previouspainexperience Culturalfactors Presence offamilymembers Recognize how cultural factors in uence the pain experience. Cultural beliefs values affecthowindividualscopewith painIndividualslearnhow to reacttopainfromtheirculture lexlsomeculturessmiletomaskpainwhi.chcan be visually confusion Demonstrate how to assess a patient experiencing pain. t Painscales askpainthreshold In 2 3 Identify the characteristics of acute pain with those of chronic pain. Memorize the nursing guidelines for administering analgesics safely. knowpt'spreviousresponseto analgesics Selectpropermedswhenmorethanoneis ordered know accuratedosage Assessrighttime intervalfor admin Discuss various nonpharmacological and pharmacological approaches to treating pain. nonpharmacological Pharmacological  TENS Nonopioids I NSAIDS Acupuncture 2 Acetaminophen Acupressure Opiods Massage tmall.kiai.tn ieone POIVTransdermal epidural HeattColdtherapy PCApump ImmobilizationsRest Distraction Guidedimagery Humor Journaling Evaluate a patient's response to pain interventions. Change in pt behavior Evaluateforchanges in severity characterof thepain Ask whenmed effectiveness is peaking Assessvitals ask.pttorate painagain Evaluateadverseeffects NSAID & Narcotics side e ects NSAIDs increasebleedingrisk Narcotics Potentifysinpiratory Gas Nausea Confusion Sedation Bloating Vomiting Drowsiness Sweats Heartburn Diarrhea Constipation Drymouth Stomachpain Constipation Nausea