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Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success UNIT 1 THE SELF FROM VARIOUS PERSPECTIVE MODULE 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY...

Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success UNIT 1 THE SELF FROM VARIOUS PERSPECTIVE MODULE 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY Understanding the Self WRITER: Prof. ESPERANZA GRAN 1|P a ge URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success Overview: Self understanding forms the backbone of social cognition and self concept. A person’s self concept is their understanding of who they are and what makes them unique. Understanding the self is the role that selfhood plays in defining human society and each human individual in that society. The Self in the Perspective of Anthropology Learning Outcome. 1. Define anthropology and the anthropological approach. 2. Describe the origins and early development of anthropology. 3. Identify the four subdisciplines of anthropology and specify the focus of each. 4. Increase the awareness of the various dimensions of anthropology and its influence on self concept. 5. Recognize what the field of anthropology can contribute to the understanding of the seself. 6. Demonstrate critical and reflective thought in analyzing how culture influence our beliefs and behavior. 7. Understand how culture and self are complementary concepts 2|P a ge URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success Introduction: Anthropological perspective focuses on the study of the full scope of human diversity and the application of that knowledge to help people of different background. In anthropology the self came to be understood as a process that orchestrates an individual’s personal experience following which she/he becomes self -aware and self-reflective about her/his place in society. In this module you will learn that every aspects of our lives can be studied in the past, present or future from anthropological perspective that connects us to our past and helps to prepare for the future. Getting Into What is Anthropology -Anthropology is the field of social sciences that focuses on the study of man. This does not pertain only to one aspect of man, but rather on the totality of what it means to be human, - The fields looks into man’s physical/ biological characteristics, the social relationship and the influence of his culture from the dawn of civilization up to the present. - The main purpose of anthropology is for us to understand human biological and cultural diversity, and the origins of humans. The Self in Contemporary Anthropology In anthropology the self came to be understood as a process that orchestrates an individual's personal experience following which s/he becomes self-aware and self-reflective about her or his place in society (Taylor, 1989). It considers the genetic and cultural origins of self, the role that self plays in socialisation and language, and the types of self we generate in our individual journeys to and through adulthood. We rely on others to tell us about our self, and even to let us know we are a self. person” or personhood is a bundle of roles, norms of behavior, expectations, responsibilities, obligations that situate a human being in social life.... The self is an 3|P a ge URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success identification that negotiates the tension/opposition between being a person and being unique human. What is contemporary anthropology person” or personhood is a bundle of roles, norms of behavior, expectations, responsibilities, obligations that situate a human being in social life.... The self is an identification that negotiates the tension/opposition between being a person and being unique human Archeology- this refers to the study of the ancient and recent human past through material remains. It analyzes the physical remains of the past in pursuit of a broad and comprehensive understanding of human culture. Why Study of Archeology Important in Understanding the Self. - Archeology provides us with the opportunity to learn about past cultures through the study of artifacts, animal bones and sometimes human bones. Studying these artifacts 4|P a ge URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success helps provide us with some insight about what life was, like for people who left behind no written record. - Archeologist’s focus is the past and how it may have contributed to the present ways of how people conduct their daily lives. As a result, what archeologists have so far discovered are the unique ways in which human beings adapted to changes in their environment in order for them to survive. - Understanding the past may help us better understand our own society and that of other cultures. - Linguistic Anthropology- is the interdisciplinary study of how language influences social life. It is a branch anthropology that origins from the endeavor to document languages, and has grown over the past century to encompass most aspects of language structure and use. How Linguistic Anthropology Contributes to Human Development - Human survival is primarily linked to their ability to communicate and the essential part of human communication is language. - Linguistic anthropologists’ interest focuses on using language as a means to discover a group’s manner of social interaction and his worldview. - In the contemporary society, other forms of languages have evolve which represent the subculture of a particular group such as the terms used in social media and other group of people or community. - As societies change and technologies develop so do the symbols and meaning people attach to objects and events as expressed through the language that they use and their manner of communicating. Biological Anthropology-. - Physical/ biological anthropology is the study of the past and present evolution of the human species and is especially concerned with understanding the causes of present human diversity. Within this broad definition it encompasses fields as disparate as human palaeontology, evolutionary biology, human genetics, 5|P a ge URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success comparative anatomy and physiology, primate behaviour, human behavioural ecology, and human biology. - Human biology broadly covers the areas of modern human biological variation, human ecology, nutrition and demography. What makes physical/ biological anthropology unique is that it brings all of these areas to bear on our understanding of the human condition. Why is biological anthropology important? - It seek to understand how humans adapt to different environments, what causes disease and early death, and how humans evolved from other animals. To do this, they study humans (living and dead), other primates such as monkeys and apes, and human ancestors (fossils). -The knowledge that biological anthropologists gather on living populations falls into several overlapping categories, evolution and biosocial variation are underlying themes in studies that deal with nutrition, child growth, health in societies, the genetics of human populations, and adaptation (adjustment) to the environment. Cultural Anthropology- Cultural anthropology is a branch of anthropology focused on the study of cultural variation among humans. It is in contrast to social anthropology, which perceives cultural variation as a subset of a posited anthropological constant. The umbrella term sociocultural anthropology includes both cultural and social anthropology traditions. 6|P a ge URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success -Cultural anthropologists specialize in the study of culture and peoples’ beliefs, practices, and the cognitive and social organization of human groups. Importance of Cultural Anthropology Anthropologists have pointed out that through culture people can adapt to their environment in non-genetic ways, so people living in different environments will often have different cultures. Much of anthropological theory has originated in an appreciation of and interest in the tension between the local (particular cultures) and the global (a universal human nature, or the web of connections between people in distinct places/circumstances). - Cultural anthropologists study how people who share a common cultural system organize and shape the physical and social world around them, and are in turn shaped by those ideas, behaviors, and physical environments. What is the self as Embedded in Culture 7|P a ge URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success Culture and the Self How we see ourselves shapes our lives, and is shaped by our cultural context. Self-perceptions influence, among other things, how we think about the world, our social relationships, health and lifestyle choices, community engagement, political actions, and ultimately our own and other people's well-being. Social scientists have long understood that people in different parts of the world see themselves in different ways, but research has often been driven by a rather black- and-white — and some would say stereotypical — view of what the differences are. Culture matters to the extent that it is normal for different experiences to be felt by the individuals in a given society. It is worth noting here that the perspectives in cultural matters usually provide a new insight into the psychological processes. The experiences we go through in life are facilitated by the culture we live in, because culture provides or is the environment which allows all these experiences to take place (Warder, 1996). culture has such a greater influence on an individual’s life contributing majorly to the self concept of an individual. The influence might either be negative or positive depending on the type of culture that one has been brought up in. It is important that individuals study and appreciate their culture and its contribution in shaping their individual personalities. 8|P a ge URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success Testing the Knowledge Gained 1.Which of the following is a characteristic of anthropology? a. It is concerned with both human biology and culture. b. It is concerned with human variation, evolution, and adaptation. c. focuses only on prehistoric societies. 2.Which of the following is true about anthropology? a.It usually is preferable to do anthropological research alone rather than with a team of researchers. b..Anthropology as an academic discipline is comparatively young. c..Most anthropologists today are generalists--they master all of the fields of anthropology. 3.What do anthropologists mean when they refer to the concept of "integration" in regards to cultures? a. Different kinds of people should learn to live together in peace. b. Any successful behavior, strategy, or technique for obtaining food and surviving in a new environment provides a selective advantage in the competition for survival with other creatures. c. The best way to study another culture is by working with a team of researchers from different academic disciplines. 3. Which of anthropology is primarily interested in the prehistory and early history societies and other cultures a. cultural anthropology b. biological anthropology c. archeology 9|P a ge URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success 4. Biological Anthropology includes the study of the following topics: a. non-human primates b. fossil records of human evolution c. human variation 5. Which subfield of anthropology would most likely interested in the pattern of kinship, beliefs and tradition of different societies. a. a. cultural anthropology b. linguistic b. c. archeology 6. Anthropological linguistics studies of a. human social class b. human language c. human disease 7.An artifact is a. written record of past culture b. a theory of evolution c. an object made by human being that is of with historic or cultural significance 8.The study of historic or prehistoric human populations through analysis on material remains. a. Anthropology b. Linguistic anthropology c. Archeology Explain briefly the following questions: 8.Cultural Anthropology (the study of human cultures) Why do people differ in their beliefs and behaviors? ___________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 10 | P a g e URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success 9. Why is there ethnic conflict in the world? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 10. What is life like in a simpler society? Reference: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/biological-anthropology https://www.discoveranthropology.org.uk/about-anthropology/what-is-anthropology/biological- anthropology.html https://physanth.org/career/career-biological-anthropology/ https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fslideplayer.com%2Fslide%2F14620926%2F 90%2Fimages%2F13%2FBiological%2BAnthropology. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_anthropology https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1209 https://www.shutterstock.com/image-illustration/overview-relevant-topics-regarding-worldwide- cultures-1278872059 https://medium.com/@anthropology4u/faq-what-kinds-of-questions-do-anthropologists-ask- 3c8b962762eb https://www.apa.org/pubs/highlights/spotlight/issue-71 d. e. f. g. h. i. 11 | P a g e URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020  Le SELF Module 3 FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY SUCCESSSetting Goals and Success j. k. l. 12 | P a g e URS-IM-AA-CI-0169 Rev 00 Effective Date: August 24, 2020