MEDF1010 2024-2025 The Biology of Blood Cells PDF

MEDF1010 (2024-2025) The Biology of Blood Cells Francis Lam School of Biomedical Sciences email: [email protected] 18th November 2024 (Mon), 9:30-11:15 Lee Shau Kee Building (LSK LT6) Identify the major blood components and their functions Understand ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood typing Descri...

MEDF1010 (2024-2025) The Biology of Blood Cells Francis Lam School of Biomedical Sciences email: [email protected] 18th November 2024 (Mon), 9:30-11:15 Lee Shau Kee Building (LSK LT6) Identify the major blood components and their functions Understand ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood typing Describe the pathophysiology of haemolytic disease of the new born Describe the three major components of haemostasis Describe the mechanisms of the fibrinolytic system and natural anticoagulants Understand the roles of blood components in the innate and adaptive immunity 2 General Functions Regulation: of Blood (1) Blood transfers heat to the skin surface to be lost (2) Blood buffers blood pH at about 7.4, and maintains osmotic composition Prevention of blood loss: Blood elements form a clot Defence: to reduce blood lost Blood elements defend against (haemostasis). microbes entering body openings or wounds Hydraulic Force: Blood’s hydraulic force (blood pressure) sustains urine formation by kidneys Transport: Blood transport gases (e.g. O2), nutrients, waste products, and chemical messages between organs, tissues, and cells. 3  Composition of Blood Two major components of blood:  Fluid (Plasma)  Solid matters (Formed elements) 4 Plasma Function Source Water Maintains blood volume; transports Absorbed from (90-92% of plasma) molecules intestine Plasma Proteins Maintain blood osmotic pressure and pH Liver (7-8% of plasma) Albumins Maintain blood volume and pH Globulins Transport: fight infection Fibrinogens Coagulation Salts Maintain blood osmotic pressure and pH; Absorbed from (less than 1% of plasma) aid metabolism intestine Gases Lungs Tissues Oxygen Cellular respiration Carbon dioxide End product of metabolism Nutrients Food for cells Absorbed from Lipids intestine Glucose Amino acids Nitrogenous wastes Excretion by kidneys Liver uric acid urea Other Hormones, vitamins, etc. Aid metabolism Varied 5  Formed elements (I) - Buffy Coat Constitutes