MECHATRONICS PART A1.pdf

MECHATRONICS TECHNOLOGY  CONTENT OUTLINE 1. MECHATRONICS INTRODUCTION 2. CONTROL SYSTEMS 3. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC) OVERVIEW 4. INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) DEVICES 5. TYPES OF PLC I/O SIGNALS 6. PLC PROGRAMMING OVERVIEW 6. HMI PROGRAMMING OVERVIEW 7. PLC +HMI PROGR...

MECHATRONICS TECHNOLOGY  CONTENT OUTLINE 1. MECHATRONICS INTRODUCTION 2. CONTROL SYSTEMS 3. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER (PLC) OVERVIEW 4. INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) DEVICES 5. TYPES OF PLC I/O SIGNALS 6. PLC PROGRAMMING OVERVIEW 6. HMI PROGRAMMING OVERVIEW 7. PLC +HMI PROGRAM SIMULATION 8. PROJECT EXAMPLE OF STUDENTS 9. PNEUMATIC AND HYDRAULIC SOFTWARE SIMULATION What Is Mechatronics? Mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field that combines elements of Mechanical, Electronics, Controller Programming, Human Machine Interface Programming, and Information Technology. It integrates pieces of mechanical actuators such as hydraulics, pneumatics, motors, and electronic devices such as sensors, controllers, with the aid of a computerized control systems. For example, most traffic lights and washing machines are mechatronics system. If traffic light have press buttons when humans want to cross the street, or only a timer is set that operates it and or a washing machine humans set the temperature, time, and speed in the machine, are an example of mechatronics system because the input (e.g. time, temperature etcs to energise the machine are provided with human intervention. if the traffic light uses a camera or a sensor that automatically detects people who want to cross the street and change its lights accordingly, it is then a robotics system and is an autonomous process.  CONTROL SYSTEM TYPES MANUAL AUTOMATIC CLOSE LOOP OPEN LOOP Measuring & Controlling Measuring Only (red) (green) Controlling Only (gray) B. AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM Flow Pneumatic Transmitter Control Valve S Tachometer T E TURBINE GENSET A Relay M Timer Pneumatic Current to BOILER PUMP Ressure F Motorized Converter u Valve HMI/ Controller e computer l e(t)=SP−PV 14-Sep-24 Prepared by: Wilfredo G. Vidal 9 14-Sep-24 10  Proportional-Integral-Derivative control Now, let's take a look at a PID controller. The closed-loop transfer function of the given system with a PID controller is Let the Kp=350, Ki=300, and Kd=50 Now, we have obtained the system with no overshoot, fast rise time, and no steady- state error. 14-Sep-24 11 14-Sep-24 12  A PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller is a control loop feedback mechanism widely used in industrial control systems and other applications requiring continuously modulated control. It is a type of control system that uses feedback to continuously adjust the output of a process or system to match a desired setpoint. 14-Sep-24 13 14-Sep-24 14 14-Sep-24 15 PART 2 PLC (PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER) OVERVIEW COMPACT PLC MODULAR PLC 14-Sep-24 19  COMPUTER INPUT---------->CONTROLLER----------->OUTPUT START/ STOP PLC (Programmable Logic LIGHTINGS/LAMPS SWITCHES Controller) SOLENOID DEVICES LIMIT SWITCHES MICRO CONTROLLER PNEUMATIC DEVICES HYDRAULIC DEVICES SENSORS CUSTOMISED CONTROLLER PHOTO RELAYS/CONTACTORS+ PROXIMITY MOTORS/PUMPS/ IR/RF DCS CONTROLLER COMPRESSORS STRAIN GAUGE TRANSMITTERS BMS CONTROLLER HEATERS LIMIT SWITCHES SESNORS PART 3 INPUT & OUTPUT DEVICES (I/O ‘S)  INPUT DEVICES PUSH BUTTONS 14-Sep-24 25 LIMIT SWITCHES LEVER TYPE LIMIT SWITCH 14-Sep-24 26 14-Sep-24 27 PHOTO SENSORS INPUT DEVICES 14-Sep-24 28 14-Sep-24 29 PROXIMITY SENSORS INDUCTIVE PROXIMITY SENSOR CAPACITIVE PROXIMITY SENSOR 14-Sep-24 30 OTHER SENSOR TYPES 14-Sep-24 31 OUTPUT DEVICES  ELECTRO MECHANICAL RELAY 14-Sep-24 33 14-Sep-24 34 Pneumatic Actuators 14-Sep-24 36 14-Sep-24 37 STEPPER MOTOR SERVO MOTOR 14-Sep-24 38 HEATER 14-Sep-24 40 14-Sep-24 41 14-Sep-24 42 14-Sep-24 43 PART 4. TYPES OF PLC I/O SIGNALS 1. Digital Input (DI)– Digitals inputs are Logic High&Logic Low signals (Two States either ON or OFF) from the Digital Input devices. Input devices are ON/OFF switch, Push Button, Level switch, Limit switch, Pressure switch, Temperature switch, etc., 1. Analog Input (AI) – Analog Inputs are ranges of electrical signals (Not just two states but signals between Minimum and Maximum range) from the Analog Input devices such as Pressure Transmitter, Level Transmitter, Analyzer Transmitter, Temperature transmitter, etc., The range electrical signals of an AI from the Transmitters are depended on its working principle, check the following Analog input types. -Current inputs ( 4-20 mA or 0-20mA) -Voltage inputs ( 0-10 V or 1-5 V) -RTD inputs ( Resistance) -Thermocouple (millivolts) -Pressure (3-15psi or 0.2- 1.0 kg/cm2) 14-Sep-24 44 3. Digital Outputs (DO) – Digital outputs are commands to Output devices to operate it in two positions (two states) ON or OFF. Digital output devices or actuators such as Lamp, Solenoid Valve (ON/OFF valve), Single speed motor (motor without VFD), Sounder (Buzzer or Hooter for audible alarms), etc., 4. Analog Output (AO) – Analog outputs are command to the output devices to operate it between the ranges of positions (multiple states). Analog output devices such as Control valves, Variable speed motor (motor with VFD), etc., Types of Analog output to output devices are, -Current output ( 4-20 mA or 0-20 mA) -Voltage output (0-10v or 1-5v) - Pressure: 3-15psi or 0.2- 1.0 kg/cm2 - PWM ( pulse width modulation) 14-Sep-24 45 PART 5 PLC PROGRAMMING OVERVIEW PLC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE TYPES 14-Sep-24 Prepared by: Wilfredo G. Vidal 51  PLC PROGRAM EXAMPLE TEMP CONTROL PLC.dvp 14-Sep-24 Prepared by: Wilfredo G. Vidal 52 PART 6 HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE PROGRAMMING OVERVIEW A Human-Machine Interface (HMI) is a user interface or dashboard that connects a person to a machine, system, or device. While the term can technically be applied to any screen that allows a user to interact with a device, HMI is most commonly used in the context of an industrial process. 14-Sep-24 54 14-Sep-24 55  Localised Control System 14-Sep-24 56 14-Sep-24 57  HMI PROGRAM EXAMPLE Temp Control HMI.dpa Automatic- Celis.dpa 14-Sep-24 58 PART 7 PLC + HMI PROGRAM SIMULATION PROJECT 1.isp NewHMI 1 project.dpa PART 13 PROJECT EXAMPLE OF STUDENTS  END OF PRESENTATION THANK YOU! 14-Sep-24 70