Malaria in Pregnancy New.pdf

Scope Introduction Pathophysiology Signs and symptoms Classification Treatment Patient followup and challenges Introduction rJ)c u Tropical disease. I HRQJ caused by the plasmodium parasite infection....

Scope Introduction Pathophysiology Signs and symptoms Classification Treatment Patient followup and challenges Introduction rJ)c u Tropical disease. I HRQJ caused by the plasmodium parasite infection. 75% caused by plasmodium falciparum The burden of disease in Sub-Saharan Africa is estimated that 1 in 4 women have malaria at the time of birth. C) QokØ  r¯Vl Sporozoite Bearing Female anopheles mosquito Bite: Plasmodium Malariae Falciparum Vivax Ova le anolesi Pathophysiology Pre-erythrocyte Blood stage - Leads to the clinicalmanifestation of the disease. Cru V-Q.ÄQQ4Q Blood Stage Infecting RBC, leads to alterations on their cell membrane. Altered reb blood cells adhere to the walls of blood vessels in small capillaries. Cytoadherence leads to interference in the microcirculation of vital organs, su9h as the brain, kidne nd mesenteric The major hallmark in pr is the parasitic sequestration in the placenta Se uestrated parasites invade the host defence mechanism, splenic processes an infiltration. Sequestration doesn't happen in mild cases of plasmodium infection of vivac, ovale, malariae QJ(Q cue, Symptoms and signs ce_c-, SYMPTOMS SIGNS Q '.LR-n Nonspecific Jaundice Fever/chills Elevated temperature Headache Perspiration Muscle pain Pallor Vomiting Splenomegally Diarrhoea Respiratory distress Cough General malaise Clinical Manifestation Based on laboratoryand sign and symptoms UncomplicateA Complicated Prostration General nonspecific Impairedconsciousness signs Respiratorydistress(acidotic breathing,ARDS PulmonaryEdema Jaundice SevereAnaemiaHB< 8Vdl Thrombocytopaenia Acidosis Renal impairmentor oliguria 2 % Gram negative septisemia_ lgid m ov(QFtq Diagnosis ORM c_o-q History Oftravel to ma aria endemic area —-9 Thick smear: Parasitaemi , intiate appropriatetherapy Thin smear: Species ThickSmear Thin Smear Rapid Test providing evidence of the presence of malaria parasites in human blood, by testing malaria Antigen Misses low parasitaemia Square hole (for blood) Round hole Results windmv (for buffer) c control line T' - test line Treatment afr Artemisinin-based ther Coartem (artemet er/lumefantrine) is recommended for uncomplicated malaria in pregnancy from the second and third trimester to term, (WHO STATEMENT 2024 (O Coartem 80/480 80/480  Severe and Complicated malaria OJO CO esunate - 2.4m4/kg at 0,12,2 hours then change to oral treatment cQOJe Quinine loc-Jvj 20mg/kgloading in 5% dextroseover 4 hours Then, after 10mg./kg iv over 4 hours every 8 hours plus clindamycin 450mg iv 8 hourly 600 % & c) L-fr Intermittentpreventivetreatment(lPTp) sulphadox ne-pyrimethamine ITN -2 Prompt diagnosis and treatment of malaria, anaemia treatment. Cua-Of Challenges Sequestrationin the placentathat evades the host defence mechanism. Leads to recrudences -—7k r-t& Misdiagnosis fG-(Je e-.3a-&vec Delayeddiagnosis Comp Resistance to treatment 60 Resources Can (2Q ( 770 しは1レを